Unit test- The Post War World

Question 1

One way the UN security Council maintains peace throughout the world in through the adoption of _____

Answer 1

resolutions

Question 2

The Long March took place in the year

Answer 2

1934

Question 3

A goal of the Great Leap Forward involved helping China…

Answer 3

compete in the steel industry.

Question 4

How did the Arab-Israeli war impact regular Palestinians?

Answer 4

The majority fled their homes during the war.
Many were relocated into refugee camps.

Question 5

The relationship between the United Sates and the Soviet Union after World War II is best described as ____

Answer 5

tense

Question 6

Most countries that aligned with the United States during the Cold War…

Answer 6

allowed free elections.

Question 6

In addition to support from the people, what else did the Communists have in their favor during their war with the Nationalists?

Answer 6

more effective military stratagies

Question 7

One way of dealing with countries that practice genocide is to impose $_____$ against the accused country.

Answer 7

sanctions

Question 8

A developing country rebuilding its roads might turn to which UN organization for help?

Answer 8

the World Bank

Question 9

The Soviet Union’s security strategy was a reaction to…

Answer 9

the devastation it experienced in World War II.

Question 10

The Soviet Union’s approach to security differed from the US approach because the Soviets sought to…

Answer 10

protect itself from attack.

Question 11

Read the passage from a speech President Kennedy gave in Berlin in 1963.

There are many people in the world who really don’t understand, or say they don’t, what is the great issue between the free world and the Communist world. Let them come to Berlin. There are some who say that communism is the wave of the future. Let them come to Berlin. And there are some who say in Europe and elsewhere we can work with the Communists. Let them come to Berlin. And there are even a few who say that it is true that communism is an evil system, but it permits us to make economic progress. Lass’ sic nach Berlin kommen. Let them come to Berlin.

Kennedy is urging people to come to Berlin so they can….

Answer 11

see first-hand the evils of communism.

Question 12

The excerpt is from witness testimony at the Nuremberg Trials.

DR. MARX:
You said before that the German people must have known of the happenings in Auschwitz. What are your grounds for this statement?

VAILLANT-COUTURIER:
I have already told you: To begin with there was the fact that, when we left, the Lorraine soldiers . . . who were taking us to Auschwitz said to us, “If you knew where you were going, you would not be in such a hurry to get there.”

–Testimony of Marie Claude Vaillant-Couturier

Answer 12

the Holocaust and other war crimes were well-known.

Question 13

Which best describes why the United States believed that prosperity in Europe could reduce the likelihood of future wars?

Answer 13

It would prevent the rise of totalitarianism.

Question 14

In Cambodia, the Khmer Rouge created ______ policies that caused famine and starvation.

Answer 14

farming

Question 15

The first Five-Year Plan was considered a success in what way?

Answer 15

Industrial output rose as China’s economy transformed into a communist system.

Question 16

China’s agricultural policies during the Great Leap Forward led to

Answer 16

crop failures, causing famine that killed millions of people.

Question 17

China’s first Five-Year Plan called for the government to

Answer 17

seize private land and businesses.

Question 18

In 1966, Mao Zedong launched the Cultural Revolution in China in response to new

Answer 18

economic policies that threatened social equality.

Question 19

The first Five-Year Plan, based on ________ principles, reshaped China’s economy.

Answer 19

Marxist

Question 20

The image shows people holding pictures of Mao Zedong during the Cultural Revolution.

In this photo, two Chinese woman in work clothes and caps hold up a photo of Mao, along with two copies of his book, which are both open to a page with a photograph of Mao.

What does the image most likely reveal about the people’s attitude toward their leader?

Answer 20

They were captivated by Chairman Mao’s cult of personality.

Question 21

The student militias that carried out the Cultural Revolution were known as the

Answer 21

Red Guards.

Question 22

After the first Five-Year Plan, Mao Zedong wanted faster growth so he launched the

Answer 22

Great Leap Forward.

Question 23

Mao Zedong called for the Cultural Revolution because he believed ______ reforms threatened social equality.

Answer 23

capitalist

Question 24

What happened in 1976 that ended the Cultural Revolution?

Answer 24

the death of Mao Zedong

Question 25

What contributed to the downfall of China’s republic?

Answer 25

China’s presidents did not have enough power.

Question 26

Which were included among the "Three Principles of the People”?

Answer 26

democracy socialism nationalism

Question 27

During World War II, what happened between the Communists and Nationalists in China?

Answer 27

Both sides agreed to stop fighting each other until World War II ended.

Question 28

What is the most likely reason Chiang Kai-shek was able to rule as a dictator?

Answer 28

China was ready for a powerful leader after chaos at the end of the republic.

Question 29

Which statement accurately describes China after the Civil War?

Answer 29

The island of Taiwan became known as the Republic of China.

Question 30

If the imperial dynasty had continued to rule China, it is most likely that

Answer 30

European nations would have gotten more of a foothold in China.

Question 31

Why was the Nationalist Party more popular in China’s cities than in the countryside?

Answer 31

Wealthy people who supported the party were concentrated in cities.

Question 32

As Chinese leader, what did Mao Zedong accomplish?

Answer 32

He redistributed land in the countryside to farmers.

Question 33

What was the effect on China of the Boxer Rebellion?

Answer 33

It led China to the verge of collapse.

Question 34

In _______, the Communists won the civil war and the People's Republic of China was formed.

Answer 34

1949

Question 35

The map shows Germany after World War II. A map showing the Division of Germany and Berlin. The main map shows that Germany is divided into West Germany and East Germany. West Germany is larger, but Berlin is located in East Germany. The inset map shows that Berlin is divided, almost evenly, into West Berlin and East Berlin What information does the map provide?

Answer 35

Germany was divided into two nations. The city of Berlin was divided into sectors. The city of Berlin was located in East Germany.

Question 36

President Kennedy gave his "Ich bin ein Berliner" speech at a time when

Answer 36

Cold War tensions over Berlin were at their height.

Question 37

The Soviet Union established satellite states in Eastern Europe because it wanted

Answer 37

protection against another invasion.

Question 38

A reason that the United States and its allies formed NATO was to

Answer 38

defend member nations against Communist attacks.

Question 39

The goal of both the Truman Doctrine and the Marshall Plan was to

Answer 39

contain the spread of communism.

Question 40

During the Cold War, a defector was someone who

Answer 40

fled to the West from a Communist country.

Question 41

The Berlin Wall was a symbol of the Cold War because it showed

Answer 41

the separation between East and West.

Question 42

Read the line from a speech by Winston Churchill in 1946. An iron curtain has descended across the continent. Which best summarizes the meaning of Churchill’s statement?

Answer 42

The Soviet Union has taken control of Eastern Europe.

Question 43

Which of these did the Soviet Union do in 1961?

Answer 43

It built a wall through Berlin to keep people from moving to the West.

Question 44

The photo shows a street scene in Berlin after World War II. A photo showing tanks driving down a city street. Soldiers stand next to a barrier and civilians look at the tanks. The scene is best described as

Answer 44

tense and aggressive.

Question 45

Immediately after the war, what was the United States’ first priority in Japan?

Answer 45

to distribute food

Question 46

Today, most of the government reforms made during the US occupation of Japan have been

Answer 46

maintained.

Question 47

How did land reform affect the power structure of Japanese society?

Answer 47

It increased the power of the poor.

Question 48

How did the Japanese economy benefit from the Korean War?

Answer 48

Factories reopened. Jobs were created. Infrastructure was rebuilt.

Question 49

What is similar about the US and Japanese government structures?

Answer 49

They both have a bicameral legislature.

Question 50

How did the United States’ approach regarding the Japanese economy shift during the Korean War?

Answer 50

It focused on growth rather than reform.

Question 51

After the end of the US occupation, what happened to the Japanese economy?

Answer 51

It continued to grow.

Question 52

In what way did the new Japanese constitution change the role of the emperor?

Answer 52

He was forced to declare he did not have divine power.

Question 53

Given that Japan was left with minimal defenses after the war, how has it protected itself?

Answer 53

US military bases in Japan provide protection.

Question 54

What were the primary goals in restructuring the Japanese economy?

Answer 54

allowing trade unions dissolving zaibatsu introducing land reforms

Question 55

Which best describes why the Soviet Union established buffer states around its borders?

Answer 55

to protect itself from direct invasion

Question 56

How did the Soviet Union try to ensure that satellite states would follow its policies?

Answer 56

It controlled local communist governments.

Question 57

Why did Secretary of State George Marshall think it was important for postwar Europe to be stable and prosperous?

Answer 57

It would be more likely to reject communism.

Question 58

Which of the following countries were part of the Eastern Bloc?

Answer 58

Bulgaria Czechoslovakia Poland Romania

Question 59

Why did people within the Eastern Bloc have few economic freedoms?

Answer 59

The government controlled the economy.

Question 60

In what way did the Soviet Union try to spread communism around the world?

Answer 60

by supporting revolutionary movements

Question 61

_______ was divided into two countries, one democratic and one communist, after World War II.

Answer 61

Germany

Question 62

Which of these most likely explains why people in the Eastern Bloc had little contact with the West?

Answer 62

They could not travel freely.

Question 63

What was the Iron Curtain?

Answer 63

a term for the divide that isolated the East

Question 64

How did the Soviet style of government differ from American democracy?

Answer 64

It was led by a dictator.

Question 65

What was the goal of Zionism?

Answer 65

to establish a Jewish state in Palestine

Question 66

Read the excerpt from Theodor Herzl, written in 1896. The idea which I have developed in this pamphlet is a very old one: it is the restoration of the Jewish State. . . . We have honestly endeavored everywhere to merge ourselves in the social life of surrounding communities and to preserve the faith of our fathers. We are not permitted to do so. . . . No one can deny the gravity of the situation of the Jews. Wherever they live in perceptible numbers, they are more or less persecuted. Their equality before the law, granted by statute, has become practically a dead letter. They are debarred from filling even moderately high positions, either in the army, or in any public or private capacity. And attempts are made to thrust them out of business also: "Don't buy from Jews!" –The Jewish State, Theodor Herzl, 1896 In this excerpt, Herzl is calling for

Answer 66

the creation of a homeland for Jews.

Question 67

How did Arab leaders respond to Jewish immigration into Palestine in the 1930s?

Answer 67

They demanded an end to Jewish immigration.

Question 68

During World War I, Great Britain promised that the Arab provinces of the Middle East would be

Answer 68

independent after the war.

Question 69

During the World War I, what promise did Great Britain make to former Ottoman Arab provinces about their status after the war?

Answer 69

They would be granted independence.

Question 70

What was the direct outcome of the 1948 Arab-Israeli War?

Answer 70

Israel gained additional territory.

Question 71

The graph shows the number of Jews in Palestine in the years leading up to World War I. A bar graph showing the number of Jewish residents in Palestine for the years 1880, 1900, and 1914. 1880, 24 thousand; 1900, 48,000; 1914, 84,000. Someone looking at these figures in 1914 would most likely predict that the number of Jewish residents in Palestine will

Answer 71

continue to increase.

Question 72

After World War II, many Jews who had survived the Holocaust

Answer 72

had no place to call home, and moved to Palestine.

Question 73

To protect its interests in the Middle East, in 1939, Great Britain declared that it would

Answer 73

restrict the number of Jews immigrating to Palestine.

Question 74

At the start of World War I, Palestine was controlled by _____________

Answer 74

the Ottoman Empire

Question 75

One main factor that led to the Holocaust and other campaigns of genocide was

Answer 75

extreme racism.

Question 76

Which political belief is shared by countries that practice genocide?

Answer 76

Those who are different are enemies.

Question 77

Read the description of the events of the Holocaust. The Holocaust was the Nazi effort to destroy the Jewish people. At first, Jewish people were forced to wear yellow armbands. Then, they lost their citizenship and were banned from public places. After that, Jewish people were forced to live in cramped, dirty ghettos with insufficient water and sanitation systems, where they were denied food and medicine. The Nazis’ final solution was sending Jewish people to concentration camps to be killed. Which action would be considered genocide according to the UN definition?

Answer 77

forcing people to live in ghettos

Question 78

The highest-ranking Nazi leader tried at Nuremberg was

Answer 78

Hermann Goring.

Question 79

In 1948, the United Nations created the Universal Declaration of Human Rights to

Answer 79

recognize people’s basic rights.

Question 80

The Allies created the United Nations after World War II to

Answer 80

maintain international peace and security.

Question 81

The chart shows the organization of the United Nations. An organization chart of the United Nations. The United Nations is in the center with the following branches: Security Council, General Assembly, Secretariat, International Court of Justice, Economic and Social Council. Which part of the UN most likely responded after a tsunami struck Japan in 2011?

Answer 81

Economic and Social Council

Question 82

The International Military Tribunal included judges and prosecutors from which countries?

Answer 82

Britain Soviet Union France

Question 83

What protects humanitarian aid workers during times of war?

Answer 83

the Geneva Convention

Question 84

The excerpt is from a UN report on human rights violations in North Korea. The gravity, scale and nature of these violations reveal a state that does not have any parallel in the contemporary world. –Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights, 2014 Which explains why the commission came to this conclusion?

Answer 84

It found that North Korean officials murdered, starved and tortured thousands of people in secret prison camps.

Question 85

How many Nazis were convicted of war crimes in Europe from 1945-1949?

Answer 85

5,000 to 6,000

Question 86

What steps can the UN Security Council take when a country tests nuclear missiles?

Answer 86

It can pass a resolution condemning the action, then impose a series of economic sanctions against the offending country.

Question 87

A goal of the United Nation’s International Court of Justice is to

Answer 87

settle disputes between nations without the need of war.