unit three social psych

Question 1

Ingroup

Answer 1

Group we belong to, part of social identity

Question 2

Outgroup

Answer 2

Group we don’t belong to

Question 3

Stereotypes

Answer 3

Social beliefs about outgroup members learned from others and maintained through interaction

Question 4

Outgroup homogeneity effect

Answer 4

Tendency to see outgroup members as more alike

Question 5

Illusory correlation

Answer 5

Belief in association between variables that don’t exist

Question 6

Subtyping

Answer 6

Perceiving individuals who don’t fit stereotype as exceptions

Question 7

Prejudice

Answer 7

Attitude suggesting inferior social status for specific group

Question 8

Explicit prejudice

Answer 8

Consciously held prejudicial attitudes

Question 9

Implicit prejudice

Answer 9

Unconsciously held prejudicial attitudes

Question 10

Discrimination

Answer 10

Negative or patronizing social ACTION toward specific groups

Question 11

Stigma

Answer 11

Attribute discrediting a person or social group; tribal identities, blemishes of character, abominations of the body

Question 12

Racism

Answer 12

Prejudice and discrimination based on racial background

Question 13

Aversive racism

Answer 13

Conflict between positive and negative beliefs about racial group

Question 14

Sexism

Answer 14

Hostile and benevolent attitudes toward women

Question 15

Stereotype threat

Answer 15

Apprehension felt when performing task stereotyped group lacks ability in- causes people to underperform

Question 16

Ingroup bias

Answer 16

Tendency to favor ingroup members over outgroup members

Question 17

Social identity theory

Answer 17

People gain self-esteem from social esteem of ingroups

Question 18

Realistic group conflict

Answer 18

Groups compete over scarce resources , can cause ethnocentrism- increased hostility toward outgroup and increase in loyalty

Question 19

System justification theory

Answer 19

Beliefs endorsing legitimacy of unequal group status hierarchy

Question 20

Personal-group discrimination discrepancy

Answer 20

Disadvantaged group members minimize personal discrimination

Question 21

Authoritarian personality

Answer 21

Submissive to authority, rigid adherence to conventional values

Question 22

Contact hypothesis

Answer 22

Direct contact between antagonistic groups reduces prejudice

Question 23

Aggression

Answer 23

Behavior intended to harm or injure

Question 24

Assertiveness

Answer 24

Expressing oneself without violating others’ rights

Question 25

Instrumental aggression

Answer 25

Harmful behavior to achieve another goal

Question 26

Hostile aggression

Answer 26

Goal to cause injury or death, triggered by anger

Question 27

Gender and aggression

Answer 27

Men more likely to use physical aggression

Question 28

Personality and aggression

Answer 28

Traits related to aggression: irritability, rumination, emotional susceptibility

Question 29

Intergroup aggression

Answer 29

More extreme aggression between groups- dehumanization, group polarization, collective aggression

Question 30

Frustration-aggression hypothesis

Answer 30

Frustration triggers aggression

Question 31

Social learning theory

Answer 31

Aggressive behavior learned through observation and imitation

Question 32

Media and video violence

Answer 32

Fosters aggressive behavior through scripts, desensitization, priming

Question 33

Culture of Honor

Answer 33

Males project willingness to fight to death against insults

Question 34

Rape myths

Answer 34

False beliefs blaming victim for attack, minimizing violence

Question 35

Prosocial behavior

Answer 35

Voluntary behavior to benefit others

Question 36

Egoistic helping

Answer 36

Helping with expectation of something in return

Question 37

Altruistic helping

Answer 37

Helping without expectation of something in return

Question 38

Kin selection

Answer 38

Preference to help blood relatives

Question 39

Reciprocal helping

Answer 39

Helping strangers in expectation of receiving help in return

Question 40

Social norms

Answer 40

Reciprocity, social responsibility (help those dependent on us) and social justice (help those who we believe need it) norms

Question 41

Empathy

Answer 41

Feeling compassion for others

Question 42

Audience inhibition effect

Answer 42

Inhibition of helping due to fear of negative evaluation

Question 43

information dependence

Answer 43

less likely to believe something is wrong when ppl are cool

Question 44

Diffusion of responsibility

Answer 44

Presence of others reduces personal responsibility