Unit Two Vocab

Question 1

What is energy?

Answer 1

The ability to produce either physical or chemical change; the ability to produce motion of material object

Question 2

Physical vs. chemical change

Answer 2

Physical merely changes shape or form; chemical produces new material

Question 3

Kinetic vs. potential energy

Answer 3

Kinetic energy is active and ready to make physical or chemical changes; potential energy is stored energy that needs to be activated in order to produce change

Question 4

What is inertia? What is the law of inertia?

Answer 4

The law of inertia: An object in motion tends to remain in motion and in the same direction, and an object at rest tends to remain at rest (Newton’s 1st Law of Motion)

Question 5

What is centrifugal force?

Answer 5

Be a parent outward fourth, because when an object is forced to travel in a curved path

Question 6

What is matter?

Question 7

Explain the three states of matter.

Question 8

Explain the different kinds of matter.

Question 9

All matter is made of _____________________________.

Question 10

What is a molecule?

Question 11

Solute vs. solution vs. solvent

Suspension vs. solution

Answer 11

Both are mixtures, however— A suspension is cloudy, can be filtered out, and will settle out (e.g. loose tea leaves); a solution is clear, cannot be filtered out, and will no settle out (e.g. salt in salt water)

Question 12

What is an alloy?

Question 13

All or some mixtures can be separated by physical methods.

Answer 13

All

Question 14

What are the characteristics of life?

Answer 14

1. Movement
2. Taking in materials from environment (eating, breathing)
3. Growth
4. Reproduction
5. Death

Question 15

What is environment?

Answer 15

The world that surrounds a living thing

Question 16

What is stimulus? (What is the plural?)

Answer 16

Anything in the environment that causes a living thing to move or react (stimuli)

Question 17

What is a cell?

Answer 17

The fundamental unit in the order of all life

Question 18

What is osmosis?

Answer 18

The process by which fluids pass through the cell membrane (higher concentration to lower concentration). The smaller the molecule, the more quickly it passes through.

Question 19

What is protoplasm? Give the three parts of the protoplasm.

Answer 19

Protoplasm is the basic chemical substance of all living cells. Protoplasm gives living things the characteristics of life.

1) The cell membrane is part of the protoplasm. 2) The inside of the cell is filled with liquid protoplasm. 2) The center of the cell, called the nucleus, is the third part of the protoplasm.

Question 20

Cells work together for ________________________.

Answer 20

The good of the entire living thing

Question 21

What is tissue?

Answer 21

A group of cells that are similar

Question 22

What is an organ? (Give examples.)

Answer 22

Part of a living thing, composed of tissues, that performs a particular function or group of functions (e.g. stomach, heart, liver, kidney)

Question 23

What is a body system?

Answer 23

A group of organs working together to perform a specific function

Question 24

Explain the three branches of discussed so far.

Answer 24

1) Physics: the study of energy in the physical changes it produces in matter

2) Chemistry: the study of the properties of matter and the chemical changes in matter

3) Biology is the study of life and living things.

Question 25

Energy produces motion in God’s world according to certain ________.

Answer 25

Laws

Question 26

What is the law of action and reaction?

Answer 26

For every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction. (Newton’s 3rd Law of Motion)

Question 27

What is jet propulsion?

Answer 27

The application of **the law of action and reaction** to the escape of a fluid from a movable object

Question 28

What is biology? Etc

Question 29

Compound vs. mixture

Question 30

What is an element?

Question 31

What is gas? What is liquid?