Unit V: Branches of Govt: Executive Flashcards
(74 cards)
0
Q
What are Constitutional qualifications for VP?
A
Same as President:
- Must be native-born citizen
- Must be 35 yrs old
- Have to have lived in U.S. for 14 yrs
1
Q
What are the Constitutional qualifications for being President?
A
- Must be native-born citizen
- Must be 35 yrs old
- Have to have lived in U.S. for 14 yrs
2
Q
What are the presidential qualifications that voters look for?
A
a. Education
b. experience in govt.
c. leadership
d. ideology/beliefs
e. vision for America
f. communication skills
g. diplomatic skills
h. legislative skills
3
Q
Who is the presidential salary set by?
A
Congress
4
Q
What is the presidents salary?
A
$400,000
5
Q
Who picked the site for the White House?
A
George Washington
6
Q
Did George Washington ever get to live in the White House?
A
No
7
Q
When was the White House occupied?
A
John Adams in the 1800’s
8
Q
Who was the architect of the White House?
A
James Hoban
9
Q
How was the architectural design of the White House determined?
A
Held a contest and architect w best design won $500
10
Q
Who had the West Wing built?
A
Theodore Roosevelt
11
Q
Where are the offices (& Oval Office) in the White House?
A
In the West Wing
12
Q
What is the purpose(s) of the White House?
A
- Office/Work place
- Home
- Ceremony/host events/impress visitors
13
Q
What did the Constitution originally say about the terms of a president?
A
No term limits
14
Q
Who was our 1st President?
A
George Washington
15
Q
How many terms did George Washington serve as president?
A
Stepped down after 2 terms
16
Q
What did George Washington do by stepping down after 2 terms?
A
Set a precedent that lasted until 1940
17
Q
Who won 4 terms as President?
A
FDR (Franklin Roosevelt)
18
Q
Why did FDR run 4 times for president?
A
- Great Depression
2. World War II
19
Q
What is the 22nd Amendment (1951)?
A
Limits President to 2 terms
20
Q
What is the Vice President aka?
A
VP or Veep
21
Q
What are the 2 duties of the VP according to the Constitution
A
- replace President if needed
2. President of the Senate
22
Q
What did veeps do before 1945?
A
Until 1945, basically nothing
“From 1791-1918, not one VP attended a single Cabinet meeting.”
23
Q
What happened in 1945?
A
Turning pt for VPs
24
Why was 1945 a turning point? (Describe in detail)
FDR dies
-Harry Truman becomes Commander in Chief during World War II
-was shocked to find out about atomic bomb
-was told he had to decide whether to use it
Therefore, Truman puts VP on National Security Council (NSC)
-created more active role for VPs
25
What are 2 reasons VPs are chosen
1. Vote bait
| 2. Good public image
26
Describe the concept of vote bait
1. Views/experience
- Pick someone that "fills out part of the presidential resume"
2. Geography
- Pick someone that has a strong pull in a part of the country that the candidate does not have a strong pull in
27
Describe the VPs good public image
can't be better than president but can't be so bad that president is embarrassed
28
What does the Constitution say about Presidential Succession?
VP should assume "powers & duties" of President
29
Why was the Presidential Succession Act created?
With WWII over & Cold War began, threat of multiple assassinatios becomes possible with Soviets having atomic bombs & US not having nuclear monopoly anymore
30
List the Presidential Succession (order does not mean everyone "moves up", new VP is appointed for new President)
```
President
VP
Speaker of the House
President Pro Tempore of Senate
Secretary of State
Dept. Heads
```
31
Describe the 25th Amendment
Acting President
- VP becomes President for a short period of time bc the President cannot perform his duties (bc he's incapacitated)
- Ex. Surgeries, medically induced coma, etc.
32
What are the 4 major types of presidential power?
1. Chief Executive
2. Chief Diplomat
3. Commander in Chief
4. Legislative Leader
33
What does the chief executive have?
the power to carry out nation's laws
34
What does the position of chief executive allow the President to do?
may require the President to interpret how to enforce laws
35
How does the president interpret how to enforce laws?
Through bureaucracy
36
Define bureaucracy
large network of individuals & agencies
37
Define executive order
Rule/command the President issues that has the force of law
38
What is the significance in Presidential Power?
* *1. inherent (vested in, right/privilege) powers
2. interpret how to carry out the law
3. best interest of nation if not prohibited from doing
39
What was Theodore Roosevelt's view of presidential power
President can do whatever is not prohibited by Constitution
| Therefore, he increases Presidential power
40
Describe how Teddy Roosevelt expanded the power of the presidency (list of examples)
ex. Creates press room
- asked for support from people on whatever he was trying to accomplish
ex. Travelled abroad
ex. Acquired & built Panama Canal
ex. Doubled size of national parks
- used executive orders
ex. Broke up monopolies
ex. Negotiated end of a strike
- favored the workers
ex. Doubles size of navy
ex. Negotiated end of war
- Russo-Japanese War
- won Nobel Peace Prize
41
What do presidents sometimes do during times of crisis?
Sometimes, Presidents will use executive orders during times of crisis
ex. During Civil War, Lincoln suspended Habeas Corpus
42
What can the chief diplomat do?
Appoint ambassadors
| Negotiate treaties
43
Define ambassadors
Official representative of govt. in foreign country
people sent to different countries to be official representatives in those countries
44
What are 2 requirements for ambassador?
1. Need Senate approval
| 2. US must "recognize" the govt. that the ambassador is working at
45
Define treaty
formal agreement btwn. 2 or more countries
46
Describe the power of negotiating treaties
It's a shared power with the Senate (2/3 vote)
47
Describe Commander in Chief
leader of all armed forces
48
Only who can order American soldiers into battle?
The President
49
The FF wanted what?
Civilian control?
| To separate the presidency from military control?
50
What was the War Powers Act in response to?
The Vietnam War
51
What was the intent of the War Powers Act?
to check the power of the President to use the military
52
How does the War Powers Act work?
1. President can send troops into combat for 60 days
- must inform Congress (within 48 hrs)
- needs permission of Congress to keep there after 60 days
2. If Congress says no, then 30 days to remove military
53
What is the significance of the War Powers Act?
- goal was to get more interaction more interaction btwn. the President & Congress
- Has lead to presidents asking Congress to use force more often
54
Where may troops also be used?
within our agreements with United Nations & NATO (North Atlantic Treaty Organization) & to keep peace within country
55
What are the 7 powers/roles of the president?
1. Chief Executive
2. Chief Diplomat
3. Commander in Chief
4. Legislative Leader
5. Party Leader
6. Judicial Leader
7. Chief of State
56
Describe the role of legislative leader
Introduce legislation
57
How does the president introduce legislation
- ask Senators/Representatives to formally submit
| - actively support its passage
58
How does the president influence legislation?
a. Proposed budget
- President proposes budget
b. Veto/threaten to veto
c. Call special session of Congress
59
Describe the role of party leader
- Reward party through patronage
| - Support candidate running
60
Define patronage
Giving jobs/appointments to people from his party
61
Describe role of judicial leader
Appoint justices to Supreme Court / Federal courts
62
Describe power to appoint justices to supreme/federal court
- Can influence how court may vote by who they appoint
| - Must be approved by Senate
63
What 3 things can president grand as judicial leader?
1. Pardon
2. Reprieve
3. Amnesty
64
Define pardon
Issue a declaration of forgiveness & freedom from punishment
65
Define reprieve
Delay punishment until case is reviewed
66
Define amnesty
Pardon but applies to group of people
67
Describe role of chief of state
1. Symbolic role to be admired/respected
2. Meet with foreign leaders/visit/funerals
3. Peace negotiation
- Ex. Israel vs. Palestine
68
Describe Richard Nixon
secretive/paranoid/insecure
69
List Nixon's accomplishments
1. opened relations with China
2. visited USSR
- helped negotiate arms control with them
70
Nixon infringed on Congress' power to...
1. Declare war
2. Control govt. spending
3. Oversight of other branches
71
How did Nixon infringe on Congress' power to declare war?
bombed Cambodia / Laos during Vietnam War without telling Congress
72
How did Nixon infringe on Congress' power to control govt. spending?
redirect money to fund war effort
73
How did Nixon infringe on Congress' power to oversee other branches?
tried to use executive privilege during Watergate Scandal
