Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

PNS > Unit VIII > Flashcards

Unit VIII Flashcards

1
Q

Special sense organ of vision Pg 281

A

Eye

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What germ layer is the eye derived from? Pg 281

A

Ectoderm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What are the retina and pigmented structures derived from? Pg 281

A

Neuroectoderm of the forebrain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What are the lends and cornea derived from? Pg 281

A

Surface ectoderm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What are the fibrous coats derived from? Pg 281

A

Neural crest mesenchyme

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What are the 3 coats or tunics of the eye? Pg 281

A

1) fibrous
2) vascular
3) nervous

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What are the components of the fibrous tunic? Pg 281/2

A

Sclera and cornea

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What maintains shape if the pressure inside the eye increases? Pg 281

A

Sclera

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Where do the extraocular muscles attach? Pg 282

A

Sclera

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Where does the sclera transition to the cornea? Pg 282

A

Limbus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is the primary refractory part of the eyeball? Pg 282

A

Cornea

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is the shape of the cornea? Pg 282

A

Convex to the anterior

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What are the 5 layers of the cornea? Pg 282/3

A

1) corneal epithelium
2) anterior limiting lamina
3) substantia propria
4) posterior limiting lamina
5) endothelium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What are the components of the vascular tunic? Pg 283

A

Choroid, ciliary body, iris

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is darkly pigmented to limit the passage of light to and from the retina? Pg 283

A

Choroid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

How is the choroid attached to the sclera? Pg 283

A

Loosely, except where the optic nerve penetrates it

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What suspends the lens and produces the aqueous fluid? Pg 283

A

Ciliary body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What contains the ciliary muscle? Pg 283

A

Ciliary body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Aqueous fluid is produced where in the eye? Pg 283/7

A

Posterior chamber of the anterior segment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What is the action of the ciliary muscles? Pg 283

A

Allows the lens to become more convex, allowing for near vision

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What divides the anterior and posterior chambers of the anterior segment of the eye? Pg 283

A

Iris

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What two muscles control the size of the pupil? Pg 283/4

A

1) sphincter pupillae

2) dilator pupillae

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What is the action and arrangement of the sphincter pupillae? Pg 284

A

Constriction of the pupil, circumferentially arranged

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What is the action and arrangement of the dilator pupillae? Pg 284

A

Dilation of the pupil, radially arranged

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
What are the components of the nervous tunic? Pg 284
Retina
26
Why is the retina considered a specialized portion of the brain? Pg 284
Because it is an outgrowth of diencephalon
27
What are the 10 layers of the retina from external to internal? Pg 284/5
1) pigmented layer 2) outer segment (rods and cones) 3) external limiting membrane 4) outer nuclear layer 5) outer plexiform layer 6) inner nuclear layer 7) inner plexiform layer 8) ganglion cell layer 9) nerve fiber layer 10) internal limiting membrane
28
Where does detached retina occur? Pg 284
Pigmented layer
29
5 cells involved with the vision pathway? Pg 286
Photoreceptors -> inner nuclear layer(bipolar) -> ganglionic cell layer(multipolar) -> lateral geniculate body -> brodmann area 17
30
Point at which the optic nerve attaches to the eyeball Pg 286
Optic disk
31
True or False: the optic disk has photoreceptors Pg 286
False, NO photoreceptors
32
What is the area of clearest vision? Pg 286
Fovea centralis/Macula lutea
33
What is the center of the macula lutea? Pg 286
Fovea centralis
34
____(rods or cones) are the only photoreceptors in the fovea centralis Pg 286
Cones
35
What are the refractory components of the eye? Pg 286
Cornea, aqueous humor, lens, vitreous body
36
What separates the anterior segment from the posterior segment? Pg 287
Lens
37
Condition of the lens hardening with age Pg 287
Presbyopia
38
Condition of the lens becoming less and less transparent Pg 287
Cataracts
39
What fills the posterior segment? Pg 287
Vitreous body
40
A vestigial structure connecting the optic nerve and posterior aspect of the lens Pg 287
Hyaloid canal
41
What did he hyaloid canal contain? Pg 287
Fetal hyaloid artery
42
What extraocular muscle is supplied by the trochlear nerve? Pg 287/8
Superior oblique
43
What extraocular muscle is supplied by the abducens nerve? Pg 287/8
Lateral rectus
44
What extraocular muscles are supplied by the oculomotor nerve? Pg 287/8
Superior rectus, inferior rectus, medial rectus, inferior oblique
45
Pathway of the lacrimal apparatus Pg 288
Lacrimal gland -> excretory ducts -> lacrimal ducts -> lacrimal sac -> nasolacrimal duct -> inferior nasal meatus
46
What are the tarsal glands? Pg 288
Modified sebaceous gland
47
What do the tarsal glands do? Pg 288
Produces an oily substance to reduce the evaporation of tears
48
What is the arterial supply to the eye? Pg 289
One medial/one lateral long posterior ciliary artery, 6-12 short ciliary arteries, 6-8 anterior ciliary arteries, and central retinal artery
49
What is the only artery to supply the retina? Pg 289
Central retinal artery
50
What is the venous drainage from the eye? Pg 289
One medial/one lateral long posterior ciliary vein, 6-8 anterior ciliary veins, and central retinal vein
51
What is the nerve supply to the eyeball? Pg 290
Branches of the nasociliary nerve of the ophthalmic division trigeminal
52
Ectodermal thickening on lateral "head" Pg 290
Placode
53
What does the auditory vesicle give rise to? Pg 290
Membranous inner ear
54
What is the auditory tube and tympanic cavity derived from? Pg 290
First pharyngeal pouch
55
What is the malleus derived from? Pg 290
Dorsal end of the ventral mandibular cartilage
56
What is the incus derived from? Pg 290
Dorsal end of the first pharyngeal arch
57
What is the stapes derived from? Pg 290
Dorsal end of the second pharyngeal arch
58
What is the tympanic membrane derived from? Pg 290
Interstitial mesoderm
59
What is the external acoustic canal derived from? Pg 290
First pharyngeal groove
60
What is the auricle derived from? Pg 290
Groove next to the first pharyngeal groove
61
What is the purpose of the auricle? Pg 291
Funnel sound waves
62
3 extrinsic muscles of the auricle Pg 292
1) anterior auricular 2) superior auricular 3) posterior auricular

PNS (5 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions