Unit1 definitions Flashcards
(22 cards)
Laminar flow
A state of flow when layers of fluid move together in parallel with little to no mixing between layers
stress
The amount of force acting per unit area
strain
The ratio of a objects extension to its original length
limit of proportionality
The point at which the stress on an object is so great that Hooke’s law no longer applies
elastic limit
The point beyond which the the material will not return to its original shape after the load is removed (the point at which deformation becomes plastic)
yield point
The point on a force-extension graph at which the material begins to rapidly extend without any additional forces
elastic deformation
When the material will return to its original shape after the force is removed, so it isn’t permanently deformed
plastic deformation
When after the force is removed the material remains deformed, so it’s permanently deformed
breaking stress
The maximum stress a material can withstand without breaking
Hardness
A measure of how difficult it is to scratch the surface of a material (Mohs scale)
Stiffness
A stiff material undergoes very little deformation even when a lot of force (stress) is applied
Toughness
The ability of a material to absorb energy from impacts without breaking, usually undergoing considerable plastic deformation while doing so
Brittlness
A material that breaks without plastic deformation first (hard but easily broken)
Strength
The measure of how much force a material can withstand without breaking
Malleability
The ability of a material to be hammered out into sheets
Ductility
The ability of a material to be drawn into wires
Turbulent flow
Tensile forces
Viscosity
Viscous drag
Elastic strain energy
Young Modulus
