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United States Flashcards

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1
Q

Name the 5 large AVAs of California?

A
  • North Coast
  • Central Coast
  • South Coast
  • SF Bay
  • Sierra Foothills
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2
Q

How many AVA’s are in Napa?

A

16

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3
Q

what mountains border Napa?

A

Mayacamas & Vaca

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4
Q

what are the soil types of Napa?

A

Diverse: volcanic, alluvial, maritime: gravel loam, dense clay, thin & rocky on hillsides

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5
Q

what is the southernmost AVA in Napa?

A

Carneros

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6
Q

What is the northernmost AVA of Napa?

A

Calistoga

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7
Q

Name the mountain AVA’s of Napa:

A
  • Mt. Veeder
  • Diamond Mountain District
  • Spring Mountain District
  • Atlas Peak
  • Howell Mountain

-vineyards are west facing & start at 1400 ft.

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8
Q

what is the coolest & wettest AVA in Napa?

A

Howell Mountain

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9
Q

what style of wine is valley floor from Napa?

A

More elegant & supple than Mtn fruit, w less intensity of color

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10
Q

what style of wine is typical for Carneros?

A

Pinot Noir & Chardonnay for sparkling or still wine production

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11
Q

What AVAs are Valley floor in Napa?

A
  • Yountville
  • Oakville
  • Stag’s Leap District
  • Calistoga
  • St. Helena
  • Rutherford
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12
Q

how many AVA’s are in Sonoma

A

18

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13
Q

what is the coldest AVA in Sonoma?

A

Sonoma Coast with altitude, cold ocean air, & persistent fog keep temperatures down

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14
Q

what style of wine is RRV

A

more fruit driven Chardonnay & Pinot Noir, however the climate may be better suited towards Rhone Varieties & Zinfandel

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15
Q

what type of soil is in RRV

A

fertile alluvial soil, also with Goldrige sandy loam

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16
Q

Where is Green Valley?

A

AVA Within RRV, known for Goldridge soil, persistent morning fog, & cooler temperatures

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17
Q

what is the warmest AVA in sonoma county

A

Knights Valley

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18
Q

what are the warmer AVAs in Sonoma County?

A

Alexander Valley, Rockpile, Dry Creek, Knights Valley

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19
Q

what varieties are common in Alexander Valley & Knights Valley?

A

Bordeaux varieties due to the gravelly soil

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20
Q

what AVAs in Sonoma are known for Zinfandel?

A

Dry Creek & Rockpile

they create powerful expressions of Zinfandel & are often aged in New French/American oak

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21
Q

what AVA is situated b/w the Mayacams & Sonoma Mtns?

A

Sonoma Valley AVA & is parallel to Napa

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22
Q

what Sonoma AVA prefers Merlot over Cab Sauv?

A

Bennett Valley, NW AVA is too cool to ripen Cab Sauv

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23
Q

what AVA was in 2017 & is known for its Wind & Fog?

A

Petaluma Gap, known for Pinot Noir, Chardonnay & cool climate Syrah

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24
Q

name the AVA’s in Mendocino

A
  • Anderson Valley
  • Potter Valley
  • Redwood Valley
  • McDowell Valley
  • Yorkville Highlands
  • Cole Ranch
  • Mendocino Ridge (part of it)
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25
what is the smallest AVA in America?
Cole Ranch in Mendocino County, with one single vineyard Cole Ranch
26
what AVA in Mendocino is essentially a monopole?
McDowell Valley, owned my McDowell Valley Vineyards
27
describe Anderson Valley AVA in Mendocino County?
- one of America's coolest climates | - ocean air & fog trail inland from the Navarro River & framed by steep hills
28
what AVA did Louis Roederer establish its American operations?
Anderson Valley AVA
29
where is the Central Coast AVA located?
spans from SF Bay all the way down to Santa Barbara
30
Name some of the regions in the Central Coast CA AVA?
- Santa Cruz Mountains AVA - Monterey AVA - Santa Lucia Highlands AVA - San Luis Opisbo - Santa Barbara - Santa Maria Valley AVA - Santa Ynez Valley AVA
31
where is the Monte Bello vineyard?
Owned by Ridge, it is located int he Santa Cruz Mountain AVA
32
what soil type is common in SLO & Santa Barbara?
limestone & calcareous soil;
33
what direction are the Santa Maria Valley AVA & Santa Ynez Valley AVA?
parallel to the coast
34
what has the longest growing season in CA?
Santa Barbara
35
where is CA bulk wine produced?
hot & arid Central Valley, irrigation is essential
36
what is the largest & most important AVA in the Central Valley AVA in CA?
Lodi | -accounts for 20% of CA production
37
describe Lodi
- slightly cooler than the Central Valley due to a gap that pulls in cool air from the SF Bay - can have up to 45 degree diurnal shifts - has 7 AVAs
38
where is the Sierra Foothills AVA located?
East of Sacramento & Lodi | -prior gold rush territory
39
what is the style of wine from the Sierra Foothills
chewy, spicy Zinfandel is typical style | -temperature depends on the altitude
40
where is viticulture mostly found in WA?
East of the Cascade Mountains
41
what is the climate of WA?
true continental, rain shadow effect from the cascade Mtns. causing only 6-12 inches of rainfall per year. Due to northernly latitude it gets plenty of sunshine for a long growing season
42
what is the main soil type in WA?
basalt
43
what is the largest AVA in WA?
Columbia Valley AVA
44
What was the first WA AVA?
Yakima Valley in 1983
45
Name a few of WA AVA?
- Columbia Valley - Yakima Valley - Walla Walla Valley - Horse Heaven Hills
46
name the 5 AVA within Yakima Valley AVA?
- Snipes Mountain - Rattlesnake Hills - Red Mountain - Candy Mountain - Goose Gap
47
describe Rattlesnake Hills AVA within Yakima Valley?
- high elevation vineyards ranging from 850-3,000 feet - planted along ridges & terraces - merlot is most common variety, following by Cab SAuv
48
describe Red Mountain AVA within Yakima Valley
- steep south-facing slope rather than an actual mountian - desert-like climate - 5 inches of rainfall per year - WA warmest growing region & most densely planted - mostly Cab Sauv
49
what is WA warmest growing region?
Red Mountain AVA within Yakima Valley
50
what states share Walla Walla Valley?
WA & OR
51
what is the soil of Walla Walla Valley?
-basalt bedrock & thin alluvial topsoil deposited by the Missoula Flood & loess everywhere
52
what are the main wines of Walla Walla Valley?
- Chardonnay & Riesling - Cab Sauv, Merlot & Syrah - Merlot here is distinctively full, sweet & Luscious but most producers believe Cab is the future
53
where is most wine making regions of OR located?
PNW, located b/w Coast Range & Cascade Mountains
54
Name the major AVA's of OR?
- Willamette Valley - Columbia Gorge - Columbia Valley - Walla Walla Valley (shared w WA) - The Rocks of Milton-Freewater
55
how many Sub AVAs are in Willamette Valley AVA?
10
56
Name 6 major AVA of Willamette Valley?
- Dundee Hills - Eola-Amitty Hills - Ribbon Ridge - McMinnville - Yamhill-Carlton District - Chehalem Mountains
57
when did The Rocks of Milton-Freewater become an AVA?
2015, named after a topsoil of basalt cobblestones that draws comparisons to the galets of CDP, producers are just beginning to explore Rhone style wines here
58
name a few of the founders of Willamette Valley?
David Lett, Charles Coury, Dick Erath, Dick Ponzi in the 1960s
59
Describe the style of wine of the Willamette Valley?
- steppingstone b/w CA & Cote d'Or | - lighter in style & earthier than CA yet riper & more forward than FR
60
what is the climate of the Willamette Valley?
cool temperate climate
61
what soil type is Jory & where is it?
- well-drained volcanic soil | - common in the "red hills" of the Dundee Hills AVA w/in the Willamette Valley
62
what AVAs are directly impacted by the Pacific winds causing a more tannic style of Pinot Noir in the Willamette Valley?
McMinnvile & Eola-Amitty Hills | -winds are funneled through there Van Duzer Corridor, a gap in the Coastal Mtns
63
what are some of the coolest vineyards in Willamette Valley?
Chehalem Mtns AVA, due to North-facing sites
64
what is the most planted grape in NY?
Concord & only 1/3 of it goes towards wine production
65
Name two sacramental wineries in NY?
Manischewitz & Mogen David | -wines are made from NY Concord
66
Describe hybrid varieties in NY
Vitis Labrusca & Vitis Aestivalis are native to NY & are naturally adapted to the harsh winter climates
67
what do some winemakers do to help prevent freezing in NY?
some winegrowers bury their vineyards in the coldest months to avoid vine death
68
who helped develop NY's wine scene for vinifera varieties?
Dr. Konstantin Frank of Vinifera Wine Cellars | -worked to understand the potential of vinifera & champion Riesling specifically
69
how much do the Finger Lakes AVA contribute to NY Wine?
90% of production
70
describe the climate of the Finger Lakes AVA?
vineyards benefit from the lake effect, where the water moderates temperatures
71
what are the two deepest finger lakes?
Seneca Lake & Cayuga (each have their own AVA)
72
name a few of the AVAs in NY?
- Finger Lakes - Long Island - Hudson River Region
73
what is the general style of wine for the Finger Lakes?
Riesling, made across sweetness spectrum & at best can challenge German examples
74
who planted the first vines in Mexico?
Hernán Cortés in 1521, defeated the Aztec Empire & planted 1,000 vines for each native slave in the new territory
75
what grape was used in Mexico for sacramental wine?
Listan Prieto, aka Mission
76
who planted the firs vines in Baja California?
1701 Juan Ugarte
77
does Mexico have any viticulture regulations
no
78
what is the most important winemaking state in Mexico?
Baja California
79
what is the climate of Baja Climate
- martime- influenced with a Mediterranean climate | - 400m above sea level & 25km from the Pacific Ocean
80
what is the largest winery in Mexico
L.A. Cetto
81
name three wine producing states of Mexico
- Baja - Coahuila - Queretaro

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