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AP gov > Units 1,7 > Flashcards

Units 1,7 Flashcards

(74 cards)

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1
Q

5 roles of the government

A
  1. Maintain a national defense
  2. Provide public goods and services
  3. Preserve order
  4. Socialize the young
  5. Collect taxes
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2
Q

Collective goods

A

Goods that cannot be denied to anyone
(Clean air, clean water)

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3
Q

Goods that cannot be denied to anyone
(Clean air, clean water)

A

Collective goods

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4
Q

Single-issue groups

A

Groups concerned with only one issue that they vote primarily on that issue & ignore other politician’s stands

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5
Q

Groups concerned with only one issue that they vote primarily on that issue & ignore other politician’s stands

A

Single-issue groups

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6
Q

Linkage institutions

A

Political channels where peoples concerns become political issues on the policy agenda & transmits preferences to policymakers in the government
-elections, political parties, interest groups, media

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7
Q

Political channels where peoples concerns become political issues on the policy agenda & transmits preferences to policymakers in the government

A

Linkage institutions

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8
Q

Examples of linkage institutions

A

Elections, political parties, interest groups, media

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9
Q

Policy agenda

A

Issues that attract the attention of public officials & other political figures

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10
Q

Policymaking institutions

A

Congress, the presidency, the courts, the bureaucracy

(Scan issues on the policy agenda, select those they consider important, make policies to address them)

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11
Q

What do presidents do

A

Use influence to urge for policies

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12
Q

_____ use influence to urge for policies

A

Presidents

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13
Q

What does congress do

A

Pass legislation (laws)

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14
Q

______ passes legislation

A

Congress

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15
Q

What do bureaucracies do

A

Implement new policies & create rules & regulations

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16
Q

_________ implement new policies & create rules & regulations

A

Bureaucracies

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17
Q

What do courts do

A

Can challenge every law passed (if they conflict with the constitution)

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18
Q

_____ can challenge every law passed

A

Courts

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19
Q

Public policy

A

Choice a government makes in response to a political issue

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20
Q

Choice a government makes in response to a political issue

A

Public policy

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21
Q

congressional statute

A

Law passed by congress

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22
Q

Law passed by congress

A

Congressional statute

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23
Q

Presidential action

A

Decision by president

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24
Q

Court decision

A

Opinion by supreme court or other court

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25
Budgetary choices
Legislative enactment of taxes and expenditures
26
Legislative enactment of taxes and expenditures
Budgetary choices
27
Democracy
System of selecting policymakers so that policy reflects citizens’ preferences
28
System of selecting policymakers so that policy reflects citizens’ preferences
Democracy
29
Popular sovereignty
Government serves the people Democracy
30
Republic
Rule through representatives
31
Which enlightenment philosopher most directly influenced the writing of the declaration of independence
John locke
32
Democracy ideals
-equality in voting -effective participation -enlightened understanding -citizen control of the agenda -inclusion
33
Majority rule
Policies made should reflect the will of over half the voters
34
Policies made should reflect the will of over half the voters
Majority rule
35
Minority rights
Guarantees rights to those who do not belong to majorities
36
Guarantees rights to those who do not belong to majorities
Minority rights
37
Representation
Relationship between the few leaders and many citizens Desires of the people should be replicated in the government through elected officials
38
Relationship between the few leaders and many citizens Desires of the people should be replicated in the government through elected officials
Representation
39
Three theories of democracy
Pluralism Elitism Hyperpluralism
40
Pluralism
Groups with shared interests influence public policy by pressing their concerns through organized efforts
41
Groups with shared interests influence public policy by pressing their concerns through organized efforts
Pluralism
42
Elitism
Society is divided along class lines & upper-class pulls the strings of government
43
Society is divided along class lines & upper-class pulls the strings of government
Elitism
44
Hyperpluralism
Competing groups are so strong that government is weakened as influence of so many groups cripples goverment’s ability to make policy
45
Competing groups are so strong that government is weakened as influence of so many groups cripples goverment’s ability to make policy
Hyperpluralism
46
Majoritarian theory
Theory that in a democracy, the government ought to do what the majority of people want
47
Theory that in a democracy, the government ought to do what the majority of people want
Majoritarian theory
48
Four challenges to democracy
-increased complexity of issues -limited participation in government -escalating campaign costs -diverse political interests
49
Policy gridlock
When interests conflict and nothing is strong enough to form a majority and establish policy, so nothing gets done
50
When interests conflict and nothing is strong enough to form a majority and establish policy, so nothing gets done
Policy gridlock
51
Five parts of the american creed
Liberty Egalitarianism Individualism Laissez-faire Populism
52
Egalitarianism
All men are created equal
53
Individualism
People can and should get ahead on their own
54
Laissez-faire
Free markets and limited government
55
Populism
Supporting rights of average citizens against privileged elites
56
Gross domestic product (GDP)
Sum total value of all the goods and services produced in a year in a nation
57
Press conferences
Meetings with reporters
58
Investigative journalism
Use of in depth reporting to uncover scandals, scams, etc. Detective-like methods to check upon statements of government officials
59
Narrowcasting
Media programming on cable tv or the internet focused on a particular interest and particular audience
60
Media programming on cable tv or the internet focused on a particular interest and particular audience
Narrowcasting
61
Selective exposure
People tend to choose information sources that have similar points of view to their own
62
People tend to choose information sources that have similar points of view to their own
Selective exposure
63
Trial balloons
Intentional news leaks to see political reaction
64
Intentional news leaks to see political reaction
Trial balloons
65
Policy entrepreneurs
People who invest their political “capital” in an issue (political activists)
66
6 steps of the policy agenda
People Linkage institutions Policy agenda Policymaking institutions Policy People
67
Five components of an ideal democratic process
-equality in voting -effective participation -enlightened understanding -citizen control of the agenda -inclusion
68
Yellow journalism
Sensationalistic writing (To cause a reaction and get more views)
69
Sensationalistic writing (To cause a reaction and get more views)
Yellow journalism
70
Federal communications commission (FCC)
Created by communications act of 1934 Regulates the use of airwaves to 1. Prevent near monopoly control of market 2. Review the performance of stations 3. Issue fair treatment rules for politicians
71
Gatekeeper
To the truth (they give the truth and help figure out what’s important)
72
Scorekeeping
Whos winning elections (popularity)
73
Watchdog
Investigative journalism
74
Partisan
Bias

AP gov (4 decks)

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