Units 8-13

Question 1

glycosides

Answer 1

sugars that are linked by a glycosidic bond to another group. example = lactose

Question 2

ß-galactosidase enzyme

Answer 2

hydrolase enzyme that uses the addition of water to cleave ß-glycoside bonds

Question 3

Oxidoreductases

Answer 3

Class of enzymes. Reaction profile: oxidation/reduction reactions involve the transfer of electrons from one molecule to another, usually with removal of hydrogen from the substrate.

Question 4

Transferases

Answer 4

Class of enzymes. Transfers groups of atoms from one molecule to another

Question 5

Hydrolases

Answer 5

Class of enzymes. Cleaves substrates by adding water, usually called substrate-ases

Question 6

Lyases

Answer 6

Class of enzymes. Cleaves bonds by elimination, leaving double bonds or rings; or adding groups to double bond

Question 7

Isomerases

Answer 7

Class of enzyme. Rearranges atoms within a molecule. Sometimes called racemases, epimerases, mutases, or tautomerases, depending on the kind of intramolecular rearrangements that they catalyze

Question 8

Ligases

Answer 8

Class of enzymes. Join molecules together with covalent bonds and require cofactors like ATP. Example: DNA ligase that joins two pieces of DNA

Question 9

bactericides

Answer 9

kill cells by lysing them or destroying the cell membrane

Question 10

bacteriostatic

Answer 10

do not kill the cells, prevent them from growing

Question 11

Kirby-Bauer method

Answer 11

way to evaluate antibiotic sensitivities with agar plates and disks with antibiotics, measuring the zones of inhibition, a disk diffusion method

Question 12

MIC test

Answer 12

the minimal inhibitory concentration test, a liquid broth method for measuring antibiotic susceptibility, is able to find the lowest inhibitory concentration of the antibiotic, can be useful for antibiotic dosing