Universal precautions

Question 1

Define OSHA

Answer 1

Occupational safety and health Administration (a federal agency that is responsible for protecting the health and safety of workers)

Question 2

Define blood borne pathogen

Answer 2

Organisms that cause disease that are transmitted by blood (or other body fluids) from an infected individual to other people.

Question 3

What are two most common blood borne pathogens

Answer 3

Hepatitis B virus (HBV)
Human immunodeficiency virus(HIV)

Question 4

What organ does hepatitis affect

Answer 4

Liver

Question 5

Is there a vaccination for hepatitis B

Answer 5

Yes

Question 6

What does CDC stand for

Answer 6

Center for disease control

Question 7

There are four reasons for which the CDC recommend that a person receive the HBV vaccination?

Answer 7

*you are sexually active
*you share needles
*you are exposed or other potentially infectious materials
*you live with someone who is HBV+

Question 8

How many shots are in the HBV series

Answer 8

3 shots

Question 9

Has every student at MHS had the HBV vaccination

Answer 9

Yes

Question 10

List 10 signs and symptoms of HBV

Answer 10

Fatigue(tired) anorexia/weight loss
Low grade fever
Aching muscles or joints stomach pain
Nausea
Diarrhea
Jaundice
Dark colored urine
Light colored stool

Question 11

What does HIV stand for

Answer 11

Human immunodeficiency virus

Question 12

What does AIDS stand for

Answer 12

Acquired immune deficiency syndrome

Question 13

What kind of virus is HIV

Answer 13

A retrovirus that destroys the body’s immune system leaving the body defenseless

Question 14

Is HIV a homosexual disease only

Answer 14

No

Question 15

Is there a cure for HIV

Answer 15

No

Question 16

Is there a vaccine for HIV

Answer 16

No

Question 17

Do people die from aids

Answer 17

Yes

Question 18

List nine signs and symptoms of HIV

Answer 18

Persistent fatigue
Fever,night sweat,or shaking
Chills lasting several weeks or more
Sudden weight loss of over 10 pounds
Diarrhea for a period of several weeks
Lymphedema
Anorexia
Dry cough that doesn’t go away
Leukoplakia

Question 19

Define universal precautions

Answer 19

A concept where blood and looks must be treated as if knows to be infections for HIV or other blood borne pathogens regardless of the precived “low risk” of a patient population

Question 20

List all of the Modes of transmission of HBV and HIV

Answer 20

Vaginal oral and anal sex
*sharing needles
*working around contaminated body fluids
Sharing personal care items
Tattoos ear piercing and acupuncture with infected needles *neonatal infection during birth
*physical contact with blood or other infectious wastes
*breast milk of infected mother

Question 21

What does it mean that “the universal precautions standard specifically applies”

Answer 21

If a person has HBV or HIV it will be in those fluids

Question 22

Define personal protective equipment

Answer 22

A barrier worn to protect skin and clothing

Question 23

List 5 PPE’s

Answer 23

Gowns
Mask
Gloves
Hair nets
Goggles

Question 24

List all of the fluids that te universal precautions standard specifically applies

Answer 24

Blood
Semen
Vaginal secretions
Cerebrospinal fluid brain and spinal cord
-perusal fluid=fluid around your lungs
-pericardial= around heart
-peritoned fluid* palvic cavity
Ammunitic fluid=around baby
-synovial fluid= around joints
Unfixed tissues= keeps things from rotting pathogen
- organs contaminated with these fluids

Question 25

List 6 body fluids that the universal precautions standard does not specifically apply

Answer 25

Tears Sweat Saliva Mucus Urine Feces

Question 26

Define exposure control plan

Answer 26

A method by which job responsibilities are evaluated to determine the risk of being exposed to a blood borne pathogen once it’s risk

Question 27

Define engineering controls

Answer 27

A type of device that isolates or removes the hazard of blood borne pathogen

Question 28

List three healthcare engineering controls

Answer 28

Splash shields Impervious needles boxes for disposable Retractable syringes

Question 29

Define work practice controls

Answer 29

Reduces the likehood of r exposure by ensured that procedures are preformed by the safest techniques possible

Question 30

List four work practice controls

Answer 30

Not recapping needles *double bagging specimens *opening lids away from your self or others *not to fill sharps above the fill line

Question 31

List the three methods that osha requires that healthcare facilities provide to keep their employees safe

Answer 31

Personal protective equipment (ppe) *engineering controls *work practice controls

Question 32

Define BSI

Answer 32

Body substance isolation defines all body fluids as infectious and therefor uses PPES on all body fluids

Question 33

What two groups was the hiv virus first introduced into the US through?

Answer 33

Homosexual Intravenous IV drug users