Unri

Question 1

Major excretory system of the body

Answer 1

The urinary system

Question 2

Urinary function

Answer 2

1. Excretion
2. Regulation of blood volume and pressure
3. Regulation of blood solute concentration
4. Regulation of extracellular fluid ph
5. ”” red blood cell synthesis
6. ”” Vitamin D synthesis

Question 3

Components of urinary system

Answer 3

1. TWO KIDNEYS
2. TWO ureters
3. One urinary bladder
4. One urethra

Question 4

Kidney Characteristic

Answer 4

1. Bilateral retroperitoneal
2. Bean shape
3. Weigh 5 ounces (Bar of soap or size of fist)
4. Between 12th thoracic and 3rd lumbar vertebrae

Question 5

Connective tissue around each kidney

Answer 5

Renal capsule

Question 6

Protects and acts as barrier

Answer 6

Renal capsule

Question 7

Indentation

Answer 7

Hilum

Question 8

Contains renal artery, veins, nerves and ureter

Answer 8

Hilum

Question 9

Contains renal pelvis, blood vessel and fat

Answer 9

Renal sinus

Question 10

Outer portion

Answer 10

Renal cortex

Question 11

Inner portion

Answer 11

Renal medulla

Question 12

Cone shaped structures in medulla, project into cortex

Answer 12

Renal pyramid

Question 13

Tip of pyramid which drains into calyces

Answer 13

Renal papillae

Question 14

Where calyces join and narrow to form ureter

Answer 14

Renal pelvis

Question 15

Functional unit of kidney

Answer 15

Nephron

Question 16

_______ One million nephron??

Answer 16

Each kidney

Question 17

Appx. 15% are??

Answer 17

Juxtamedullary

Question 18

The nephron includes… ?

Answer 18

1. Renal corpuscle
2. Proximal convoluted tubule
3. Loop of henle
4. Distal convoluted tubule
5. Collecting ducts

Question 19

Types of nephrons

Answer 19

1. Juxtamedullary neph
2. Cortical neph
3. Renal corpuscle

Question 20

Deep in the cortex near the medulla

Answer 20

Renal corpuscle

Question 21

Extend deep into the medulla

Answer 21

Long loop of henle

Question 22

Well adapted for water conservation

Answer 22

Juxtamedullary

Question 23

15% of nephrons

Answer 23

Juxtamedullary

Question 24

Renal corpuscle distributed throughout the cortex

Answer 24

Cortical nephrons

Question 25

Loops of henle are shorter and closer to the outer edge of the cortex than juxtamedullary

Answer 25

Cortical nephrons

Question 26

To filter blood

Answer 26

Renal corpuscle

Question 27

Ball of yarn/ network of capillaries

Answer 27

Glomerulus

Question 28

Enlarged end of nephron that surrounds glomerulus

Answer 28

Bowman’s capsule

Question 29

Contains podocytes

Answer 29

Bowman’s capsule

Question 30

Prodocytes

Answer 30

Specialized cells around glomerular capillaries

Question 31

Highly permeable due to the presence of pores.

Answer 31

Porous capillaries

Question 32

Large proteins and blood cells can fit through it.

Answer 32

Porous capillaries

Question 33

Bowman’s capsule consists of two layers

Answer 33

1. Outer layer - simple squamous epithelial cells that becomes cube- shaped 2. Inner layer - prodocytes that wraps around glomerulus capillaries

Question 34

Chsracteristics of renal corpuscle

Answer 34

1. High pressure 2. Afferent arteriole - supplies blood to the glomerulus for filtration ( high pressure capillaries) 3. Efferent arteriole - transports the filtered to blood away from glomerulus. ( smaller diamter) 4.

Question 35

Structures in the cospuscle make up of?

Answer 35

Filtration membrane

Question 36

is the fluid filtered from the glomerular capillaries. Enters the lumen inside the Bowman capsule.

Answer 36

Filtrate

Question 37

specialized cells of the afferent arteriole and distal convoluted tubule in close contact with each other.

Answer 37

Juxtaglomerulus

Question 38

specialized smooth muscle cells located where the alteren arerole enters he renal corpuscle

Answer 38

Juxtaglomerulus cells

Question 39

part of the distal convoluted tubule that lies between the afferent and efferent arterioles next to the renal corpuscle.

Answer 39

Macula densa

Question 40

is an important regulatory structure.

Answer 40

Juxtaglomerulus apparatus

Question 41

renin by the juxtaglomerular apparatus plays an important role in the regulation of filtrate formation and blood pressure.

Answer 41

Secretion of the enzyme

Question 42

• where filtrate passes first • drains filtrate from Bowman capsule

Answer 42

Proximal convoluted tubule

Question 43

• contains descending and ascending loops • water and solutes pass through thin walls by diffusion

Answer 43

Loops of henle