Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

chem 20 > unti c- topic one > Flashcards

unti c- topic one Flashcards

1
Q

solution

A

homogenous mixture composed of at least one solvent and on solute

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

homogenous

A

uniformed all the way through, can’t see what it is made of

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

hetrogenous

A

can see distinct things inside

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

solute

A

small quantities, whats being dissolved

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

solvent

A

larger quantities, whats dissolving

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

____ dissolves in the _____

A

solute dissolves in the solvent

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

dissolved

A

doesn’t mean that molecule breaks apart

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

what does the (aq) mean in NaCl(aq)

A

what the compound is dissolved in

does not mean liquid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

aqueous solutions

A

water as the solvent

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

dissolution

A

the act/process of dissolving

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

three types of energy in dissolution

A

1) energy required to break bonds in solute
add 2) energy require to break bonds in solvent
take away 3) energy released from bonds between solute and solvent
= total energy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

electrolytes

A

compounds that form conducting solutions

example*salt water

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

non electrolytes

A

compounds that form solutions that don’t conduct electrcity

example*sugar water

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

litmus

A

tells about charges in pH

red>acid blue>base

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

neutral molecular

A

-composed all of non-metals
-does not dissosciate in solution
-nonelectrolyte
-red stays red blue stays blue
-always colorless
example*sugar water, methonal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

neutral ionic

A

-composed of metal and nonmetla
-does dissosciate in solution
-electrolyte
-red satys red blue stays blue
-can be colored
example*NaCl, MgSO4

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

attributes of an acid

A

-compound begins with Hydrogen
-ionizes in solution produces hydroxide ions
-electrolyte
-red stays red blue turns red
-can be colored
example*HCl, HNO3

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

basic

A

-contains hydroxide ion
-ionizes in solution to produce hydroxide ions
-electroltye
-red turns blue blue stays blue
examples*NaOH, Ba(OH)2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

what is everything made up of

A

matter

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

what two categories does matter branch off into

A

pure substances, mixtures

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

what do pure substances branch off into

A

compounds and elements

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

what do mixtures branch off into

A

homogenous and hetrogenous

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

compound

A

can be identified by a single chemical formula

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

element

A

cannot be broken down into simpler substances

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

like dissolves in like means

A

nonpoplar does not dissolve in water, since water is a polar

so polar dissolves in water, since water is a polar

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

dissociation

A

electyolyte dissolves and seperates into component ions

example* Ca(OH)2(aq) –> Ca2+(aq) + 2OH-(aq)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

what are acids when pure, verses in water

A

molecular

in water they dissosciate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

qualitative

A

physical observation, something you can describe

example*state, color, smell

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

slective preccipitation

A

to detect if there is an ion in a solution, adding an ion that is not soluable

basically (questionable ion) + (ion that isn’t souluable)

30
Q

filtrate

A

liquid left over in the beaker

31
Q

precipatate

A

solid remaining on filter paper

32
Q

filtration

A

separate precipitate from the liquid

33
Q

molecular compounds DO NOT

A

dissosciate

34
Q

acids/bases are classfied as strong or weak using

A

the chart

35
Q

strong acids

A

dissosciate

36
Q

weak acids

A

do not dissosciate

37
Q

gases and halogens

A

are soluable

38
Q

any other element

A

is not soluable

39
Q

selective precipitation

A

way to figure out what is actually soluable

-type of qualitative analysis

40
Q

how does selective precipitation work

A

getting the intial ion out of the solution

-finding what the intial ion is NOT soluable with

41
Q

solubility means it

A

stays in solution

42
Q

no soluable means it

A

falls out of solution (forms a precipitate)

43
Q

concentration

A

how much of a solvent per given amount of solvent mol/L

eg how many students in a room

44
Q

highly conecntrated

A

lots of solute in smaller solvent

45
Q

concentration depends on

A

volume

46
Q

formula for concentration

A

c=n/v

47
Q

percent by volume formula

A

volume of a solute/volume of solution X 100

48
Q

concentration as a unti

A

mol/L

49
Q

concentration as a percentage (units)

A

mL, g

50
Q

solution - solute

A

=solvent

51
Q

solubility

A

maximum concentration of a solute for that temperature

52
Q

unsaturated

A

has not reached saturation, more solute can dissolve

53
Q

saturation

A

so much solute that it cannot dissolve anymore

54
Q

higher heat means (sol)

A

take in more solute (a higher saturation)

55
Q

supersaturated

A

contains more solute than it can normally hold at a given temperature
-happens by cooling previously hot saturated solution very slowly

56
Q

miscible

A

dissolve many proportions. have no maximum concentration

-is mixable

57
Q

immiscible

A

do not dissolve in water at all, but form a separate layer

-is unmixable

58
Q

halogens + oxygen dissolve well in…

A

water!

-eg marine life need certain oxygen levels in lakes to survive

59
Q

open system

A

ambient enviroment has an effect on whats going on in the system
-matter+energy can enter and leave

60
Q

closed system

A

surrounding enviroment has no effect
-energy can enter+leave
-matter cannot enter + leave
eg- closing a bottle traps substance inside but doesn’t secure temperature or pressure

61
Q

equilibrium

A

closed system where all measurable properties are constant

62
Q

dynamic quilibrium

A

constant switching between being dissosciated and reassosciating ions, forward + backwards
-but is still equal

63
Q

solubility curve

A

graphical representation of a certain substance over temperature range
-physical property

64
Q

volumetric flask

A

very accurate beaker, used to easily ensure the amount of the solution, since measurement is in neck

65
Q

(solubility of ___ water) solids

A

solubility increases as temperature increases

-solublity is not affected by pressure changes

66
Q

(solubility of ___ water) liquids

A

difficult to generalize

  • solubility is not affected by temperatures
  • solubility is not affected by pressure
67
Q

(solubility of ___ water) gas

A

solubility decreases as temperature increases

-solubility increases as pressure increases

68
Q

preperation of a standard solution

A

rough steps

  1. weigh out needed amount of substance (in grams)
  2. dissolve substance in half of given water
  3. pour dissolved substance into volumetric beaker and then rinse other beaker out several times
  4. then fill with rest of water and mix in slowly with volumetric beaker
  5. transfer solution to bottle and lable
69
Q

dillution

A

taking a solution of higher concentration, and making it of lower concentration- by adding more solvent

70
Q

the amount of solute is (dillution)

A

unchanged

-orignal number of moles stays the same

71
Q

formula for dilluting

A

c1v1=c2v2

chem 20 (7 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions