Untitled Deck

Question 1

What is a toponym?

Answer 1

The name given to a place on Earth.

Question 2

What is ‘site’ in geography?

Answer 2

The physical character of a place.

Question 3

What is ‘situation’ in geography?

Answer 3

The location of a place relative to other places.

Question 4

What is a formal region?

Answer 4

An area within which most people share one or more distinctive characteristics.

Question 5

What is a functional region?

Answer 5

An area organized around a node or focal point.

Question 6

What is a vernacular region?

Answer 6

An area that people believe exists as part of their cultural identity.

Question 7

What is globalization?

Answer 7

Actions or processes that involve the entire world and result in making something worldwide in scope.

Question 8

What is a transnational corporation?

Answer 8

A company that conducts research, operates factories, and sells products in many countries.

Question 9

What is density in geography?

Answer 9

The frequency with which something occurs in space.

Question 10

What is concentration in geography?

Answer 10

The extent of a feature’s spread over space.

Question 11

What is pattern in geography?

Answer 11

The geometric arrangement of objects in space.

Question 12

What is uneven development?

Answer 12

The increasing gap in economic conditions between regions in the core and periphery.

Question 13

What is hierarchical diffusion?

Answer 13

The spread of an idea from persons or nodes of authority or power to other persons or places.

Question 14

What is contagious diffusion?

Answer 14

The rapid, widespread diffusion of a characteristic throughout the population.

Question 15

What is stimulus diffusion?

Answer 15

The spread of an underlying principle.

Question 16

What is distance decay?

Answer 16

The diminishing in importance and eventual disappearance of a phenomenon with increasing distance from its origin.

Question 17

List the three ways to indicate location.

Answer 17

1. Absolute Location: Exact coordinates (latitude and longitude).
2. Relative Location: Location in relation to other places (e.g., near the river).
3. Site and Situation: Site describes the physical characteristics, while situation explains the location’s relation to its surroundings.

Question 18

Oxford, Ohio, is located five miles east of the Indiana state line and thirty-five miles northwest of Cincinnati. This is an example of which of the three ways of indicating location?

Answer 18

Relative Location (describing where it is in relation to other places).

Question 19

The spread of something over a given area, such as whether something is clustered or dispersed, is defined as ________.

Answer 19

Concentration.

Question 20

The frequency with which something exists within a given unit of area is defined as ________.

Answer 20

Density.

Question 21

The social and physical characteristics of a place (draw a boundary around the place) is defined as ________.

Answer 21

Region.

Question 22

Written scale and Representative fraction are two ways to express map scale. What is the third way to indicate scale?

Answer 22

Graphic scale (a visual bar or line showing the distance on the map).

Question 23

If someone said that human occupation is limited in the desert because of intense heat, but that humans have adapted to living in the desert through the use of air conditioning, this would be an example of what geographic approach?

Answer 23

Possibilism.

Question 24

What are the three kinds of regions that geographers identify?

Answer 24

1. Formal Region: Defined by common characteristics (e.g., a country).
2. Functional Region: Defined by connections or functions (e.g., a city and its subway system).
3. Perceptual (or Vernacular) Region: Defined by people’s perceptions (e.g., ‘The South’).

Question 25

Geographers draw two types of lines (or arcs) on maps to indicate location. The lines (or arcs) drawn between the North and South Poles are known as ________. The circles drawn parallel to the equator are known as ________.

Answer 25

Meridians (North-South lines). Parallels (East-West circles).

Question 26

The meridian, designated as 0 degrees longitude, is known as the ________. It is also known as ________ because it passes through the Royal Observatory at ________.

Answer 26

Prime Meridian. Greenwich Meridian; Greenwich, England.

Question 27

Describe the main differences between the environmental determinist and possibilist approaches and discuss why geographers no longer embrace environmental determinism.

Answer 27

Environmental Determinism: The environment controls human activity (e.g., hot climates create lazy cultures). Possibilism: Humans adapt and overcome environmental challenges. Geographers abandoned determinism because it oversimplifies complex human-environment relationships and ignores human creativity and innovation.

Question 28

Identify the three types of regions in geography, explain their differing attributes, and give an example of each.

Answer 28

1. Formal Region: Uniformity in a specific trait (e.g., the Corn Belt in the U.S.). 2. Functional Region: Defined by a node or focal point (e.g., the area served by a television station). 3. Perceptual Region: Based on perceptions (e.g., 'The Middle East').

Question 29

What are the three properties of distribution? Describe them and give concrete examples for each.

Answer 29

1. Density: How often something appears in a space (e.g., population per square mile). 2. Concentration: Spread of objects in space—clustered or dispersed (e.g., tightly packed houses in a city vs. scattered farms). 3. Pattern: The arrangement of objects (e.g., a grid pattern of streets in Manhattan).