Untitled Deck Flashcards
Heridity
the transmission of characteristics from parents to offspring
Phenotype
he physical characteristic of an organism . Phenotype- Tall or Short
Genotype
the genetic make-up (genes) of the organism Genotype- TT, Tt, tt
Traits
the characteristics of an organism. For example traits of a pea plant would be seed shape, pod color or plant height.
Alleles
the different forms of the genes and usually come in pairs. One from each parent.
Environment
can affect the phenotype and expression of certain traits.
Ex: Hair color can change in the sun
Genes
factors located on a chromosome
Mutations
Random change in DNA → It can be beneficial, be negative, or have no effect on the offspring
Dominant allele
capital letter
ressecive allele
lowercase letter
Homozygous
The same letter uppercase or lowercase
-AA = dominant homozygous
-aa = ressecive homozygous
heterozygous
Aa, different - capital and lowercase
Incomplete Dominance
A cross between organisms with two different phenotypes produces offspring with a third phenotype that is a blending of the parental traits.
Ex. Red and white flower = pink flower
Codominance
(Prefix “Co” means together)- a cross between organisms with two different phenotypes produces offspring with a third phenotype in which both of the parental traits appear together.
Ex. Red and white flower = spotted flower with red and white
XX
female
XY
male
XNXN
female doesn’t have the trait an doesn’t carry it
XNXn
female carries it but doesn’t have it
XnXn
female has it and carries it
XNY
male doesn’t have it
XnY
male has it
Karyotype
the number and visual appearance of the chromosomes in the cell nuclei of an organism or species
Are you going to do amazing in this test?
Yes!! :D
What do the squares represent
Males
