Untitled Deck

Question 1

Key Functions of the Hepatobiliary System

Question 2

The hepatobiliary system includes the liver

Answer 2

gallbladder

Question 3

The liver produces bile

Answer 3

which aids in the digestion of fats and the absorption of fat-soluble vitamins.

Question 4

It metabolizes nutrients from food

Answer 4

detoxifies harmful substances

Question 5

The gallbladder stores and concentrates bile until it is needed for digestion.

Question 6

The biliary system facilitates the transport of bile from the liver to the duodenum.

Question 7

Anatomy of the Hepatobiliary System

Question 8

The liver is the largest internal organ

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located in the upper right quadrant of the abdomen.

Question 9

The gallbladder is a small

Answer 9

pear-shaped organ located beneath the liver

Question 10

Bile ducts transport bile from the liver to the gallbladder and then to the small intestine.

Question 11

The hepatic artery supplies oxygenated blood to the liver

Answer 11

while the portal vein brings nutrient-rich blood from the digestive organs.

Question 12

Key Terms and Definitions

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Common Conditions of the Hepatobiliary System

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Ascites: Accumulation of fluid in the peritoneal cavity

Answer 14

often due to liver cirrhosis or heart failure.

Question 15

Cholecystitis: Acute inflammation of the gallbladder

Answer 15

typically caused by gallstones obstructing the cystic duct.

Question 16

Cirrhosis: A chronic liver disease characterized by the replacement of liver tissue with fibrous tissue

Answer 16

leading to loss of liver function.

Question 17

Hepatitis: Inflammation of the liver caused by viral infections

Answer 17

alcohol use

Question 18

Tumors and Cancers

Question 19

Hepatocellular carcinoma: A primary malignant tumor of the liver

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often associated with chronic liver diseases such as hepatitis and cirrhosis.

Question 20

Hepatocellular adenoma: A benign liver tumor frequently linked to the use of oral contraceptives

Answer 20

typically asymptomatic but may rupture.

Question 21

Pancreatic cancer: Malignant growth from the epithelial cells of the pancreas

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often diagnosed at an advanced stage due to vague symptoms.

Question 22

Complications and Related Conditions

Question 23

Gallbladder and Biliary Complications

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Cholelithiasis: The presence of gallstones

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which can lead to cholecystitis or pancreatitis if they obstruct the bile ducts.

Question 25

Gallstone ileus: A rare condition where gallstones erode into the small intestine

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causing bowel obstruction.

Question 26

Surgical jaundice: Occurs when there is a blockage in the biliary system

Answer 26

preventing bile from entering the duodenum

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Liver Conditions and Symptoms

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Hepatomegaly: Enlargement of the liver

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often seen in conditions like hepatitis or fatty liver disease.

Question 29

Jaundice: Yellowish discoloration of the skin and eyes due to bilirubin accumulation

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which can be caused by liver dysfunction or hemolytic diseases.

Question 30

Metastatic liver disease: The spread of cancer from other parts of the body to the liver

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complicating treatment and prognosis.

Question 31

Diagnostic and Treatment Approaches

Question 32

Diagnostic Techniques

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Imaging studies such as ultrasound

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CT scans

Question 34

Blood tests can assess liver function

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detect hepatitis viruses

Question 35

Biopsies may be performed to confirm the presence of tumors or assess liver damage.

Question 36

Treatment Options

Question 37

Treatment for gallbladder diseases may include dietary changes

Answer 37

medications

Question 38

Management of liver diseases often involves lifestyle changes

Answer 38

medications

Question 39

For cancers

Answer 39

treatment may include surgery