Untitled Deck Flashcards
(67 cards)
What defines an inquiry question?
An inquiry question defines what is being investigated and can be reduced to measurable variables
Example: Does fertiliser improve the growth of a plant?
How should a statement of aim or purpose begin?
A statement of aim or purpose should start with the word ‘to’
Example: To examine the effect of fertiliser on improving the growth of a plant.
What is the purpose of a hypothesis?
To propose an answer to the inquiry question and identify the particular outcome of an experiment that supports this.
How is a hypothesis typically written?
A hypothesis is written as an if-then statement.
What is the difference between a prediction and a hypothesis?
A prediction states an expected outcome, while a hypothesis proposes a relationship between variables.
List the components of an effective equipment and materials list.
- All equipment
- Materials
- Chemical substances
- Sizes and quantities where appropriate
What are the key elements to assess in risk management?
- Hazards
- Risks
- Precautions
What does the independent variable represent in an experiment?
The independent variable is the factor that is changed by the experimenter.
What is an experimental control?
An experimental control is a sample or trial where no changes are made to ensure results are caused by the test being performed.
What should a good method for an experiment consist of?
- Logical steps in order
- Command verbs
- Measurement instructions
- Specification of quantities and units
- Diagram of apparatus
How should results be recorded?
Results should be recorded in tables and may include both raw and processed data.
What types of graphs can be used to present experimental data?
- Column graph
- Bar graph
- Pie graph
- Line graph
- Scatter graph with trend line
What should be included in the discussion of experimental results?
- Trends and limitations
- Sources of error
- Reliability of data
- Validity of the experiment
What are the key components of a conclusion in scientific investigation?
- Restatement of the aim
- Summary of findings
- Data to support findings
- Statement on hypothesis support or rejection
Fill in the blank: A hypothesis is written as an _______.
if-then statement.
True or False: The dependent variable is the factor that is changed by the experimenter.
False.
What precautions should be taken when assessing risks?
- Elimination
- Substitution
- Isolation
- Engineering controls
- Reduction of exposure
- Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)
What is the purpose of controlled variables in an experiment?
To ensure they do not interfere in the relationship between the independent and dependent variables.
What is the significance of using a scatter graph with a trend line?
It is appropriate where there is an obvious mathematical trend between variables.
What type of data should be included in tables for results?
Both qualitative observations and quantitative data.
What is the main aim of an investigation titled ‘The effect of adding salt on the boiling temperature of water’?
To observe the effect of adding salt to water and its boiling temperature.
List the key equipment needed for the salt and boiling water experiment.
- 250 mL beaker
- Thermometer
- Retort stand
- Boss head
- Clamp
- Gauze mat
- Tripod
- Bunsen burner
- 100 mL measuring cylinder
- Electronic balance
- Salt
- Tap water
What is an example of a risk and precaution in the boiling water experiment?
Risk: Burns to the skin. Precaution: Ensure that equipment is stable before heating.
What is the risk associated with boiling water?
Burns to the skin
Ensure that equipment is stable before heating and keep people 50 cm away from the bench while the experiment is underway.
