Untitled Deck Flashcards
(104 cards)
1
Q
Histamine:
A
2
Q
Stored in mast cells (below the respiratory mucosa)
A
3
Q
Histamine-1 receptors:
A
4
Q
Controls smooth muscle contracƟon
A
5
Q
Drugs that antagonize H-1 receptors are called:
A
6
Q
anƟhistamines
A
7
Q
Histamine -2 receptors:
A
8
Q
Are in the stomach
A
GI tract and are responsible for increasing gastric secreƟons
9
Q
Drugs that antagonize H-2 receptors block acid producƟon
A
10
Q
Example: Tagamet
A
Prilosec
11
Q
AnƟhistamine side effects:
A
12
Q
Dry mouth
A
13
Q
Dry throat
A
14
Q
Altered coordinaƟon
A
15
Q
SedaƟon
A
16
Q
Nasal decongestants:
A
17
Q
Alpha adrenergic
A
18
Q
VasoconstricƟon:
A
19
Q
Reduces blood flow
A
20
Q
Reduces inflammaƟon (swelling)
A
21
Q
They are Available as nasal sprays
A
22
Q
Phenylephrine is the Common OTC ingredient
A
23
Q
Why is it important for a paƟent receiving systemic corƟcosteroids to wean their dosage when
A
24
Q
disconƟnuing therapy:
A
25
Gradual tapering is crucial because prolonged use of systemic corƟcosteroids suppresses the
26
hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis. When corƟcosteroids are abruptly stopped
the body is
27
unable to produce sufficient corƟsol on its own
leading to adrenal insufficiency
28
Tapering allows the adrenal glands to gradually regain their normal funcƟon and begin producing corƟsol
29
naturally.
30
2. Why might a provider delay endotracheal intubaƟon with a status asthmaƟcus paƟent?
31
Delaying intubaƟon allows Ɵme for these treatments to reduce airway inflammaƟon and improve
32
oxygenaƟon
potenƟally avoiding the need for mechanical venƟlaƟon.
33
3. What is the best way to prevent candidiasis? Should the paƟent rinse and spit
or rinse and
34
swallow?
35
The best way to prevent oral candidiasis (thrush)
especially in paƟents using inhaled corƟcosteroids
36
to rinse and spit
not swallow
37
Terms to Know:
38
Goblet cell:
39
Secretory cells found in the mucosal epithelium that produce gelaƟnous mucus and increase in
40
size and number with topical irritaƟon and exposure to irritants
41
Bronchial gland:
42
Mucus-producing exocrine glands found in the submucosa that are sƟmulated by
43
parasympatheƟc nerves and secrete a relaƟvely watery fluid
44
Hydrophilic:
45
Describes a molecule or substance that is aƩracted to water
46
ViscoelasƟc:
47
Having the ability to change from thick to thin and back
48
Hypertonic saline:
49
A soluƟon containing a greater concentraƟon of salt than normally found in the body
50
Isotonic:
51
A soluƟon containing the same concentraƟon of salt as that found in the body
52
Hypotonic saline:
53
A soluƟon containing a lower concentraƟon of salt than normally found in the body
54
Rhinorrhea
55
Excessive secreƟon from the nose
56
Bronchorrhea
57
Excessive discharge of respiratory tract secreƟons
58
StomaƟƟs
59
InflammaƟon of the mucous lining in the mouth
60
Maintenance therapy:
61
MedicaƟons that provide long-term control of symptoms
such as shortness of breath and
62
wheezing; usually taken daily
63
Expectorant:
64
Substance that improves the discharge or expulsion of respiratory secreƟons by increasing the
65
output from the bronchial glands
66
Surfactant:
67
Complex mixture of phospholipids and proteins produced in the lung by the type II
68
pneumocytes; plays a crucial role in reducing alveolar surface tension and prevenƟng alveolar
69
collapse
70
Surface tension:
71
Force of contracƟon at the surface of a liquid that pulls the molecules at the surface inward and
72
down
73
Endogenous surfactant:
74
Complex mixture of phospholipids and proteins produced in the lung by type II pneumocytes
75
that plays a crucial role in reducing alveolar surface tension and prevenƟng alveolar collapse
76
Exogenous surfactant:
77
Surfactant drugs that are produced outside of the paƟent’s own body; may be obtained from
78
humans or animals or synthesized in the laboratory
79
Aliquot:
80
Equally divided porƟons of a total amount of soluƟon
81
AnƟgen
82
Foreign material that sƟmulates the immune and inflammatory response
83
Chemical mediators:
84
IniƟators of the inflammatory process that are released in response to a sƟmulus
85
Immunocompromised:
86
Having a weakened immune system either by illness or as a result of medicaƟons that suppress
87
the immune and inflammatory responses
88
Leukotriene:
89
Group of biologically acƟve compounds that regulate allergic and inflammatory reacƟons
90
Prostaglandin:
91
One of many hormonelike substances present throughout the body
92
CorƟcosteroid:
93
Any steroid hormone produced by the adrenal cortex
94
MineralocorƟcoid:
95
One of two main groups of corƟcosteroids necessary for regulaƟon of salt and water balance
96
GlucocorƟcoid:
97
One of two main groups of corƟcosteroids needed for stress response and uƟlizaƟon of
98
carbohydrates
fat
99
Bronchial hyperresponsiveness:
100
A state characterized by easily triggered bronchospasm
101
Exercise-induced bronchospasm:
102
Bronchospasm triggered by vigorous physical acƟvity
103
Histamine:
104
Vasodilator that mediates inflammaƟon and allergic reacƟons
