Untitled Deck

Question 1

What is Access?

Answer 1

The ability of individuals to understand and exercise their legal rights.

Question 2

What is Anarchy?

Answer 2

A state of society without government or law.

Question 3

What is Customary Law?

Answer 3

Laws based on traditions and customs, often passed down orally.

Question 4

What are Customs?

Answer 4

Social norms or traditions that influence behavior.

Question 5

What does Doli Incapax mean?

Answer 5

The principle that children under a certain age (10 in Australia) cannot be held criminally responsible.

Question 6

What is Equality in legal terms?

Answer 6

The principle that all people are treated the same under the law.

Question 7

What are Ethics?

Answer 7

Systematic guidelines for right and wrong, often set by external groups or professional standards.

Question 8

What is Fairness?

Answer 8

Ensuring legal processes are just and impartial.

Question 9

What is Justice?

Answer 9

the application of legal principles and processes to ensure fairness, equality, and the upholding of rights

Question 10

What is Law?

Answer 10

A system of enforceable rules governing society.

Question 11

What is a Legal System?

Answer 11

The structure and processes used to create, enforce, and interpret laws.

Question 12

What is a State?

Answer 12

A defined territory with its own government and laws.

Question 13

What is Natural Justice / Procedural Fairness?

Answer 13

The right to a fair hearing and an unbiased decision.

Question 14

What is the Rule of Law?

Answer 14

The principle that no one is above the law.

Question 15

What are Rules?

Answer 15

Guidelines governing behavior, which may not be legally enforceable.

Question 16

What are Sanctions?

Answer 16

Penalties or punishments for breaking the law.

Question 17

What is Tyranny?

Answer 17

A system where absolute power is held by one individual or group.

Question 18

What are Values in legal context?

Answer 18

Principles and standards of behavior considered important by society.

Question 19

What is an Adversarial System?

Answer 19

A legal system where two opposing parties present their case before an impartial judge.

Question 20

What is an Appeal?

Answer 20

A request for a higher court to review a decision.

Question 21

What is Appellate Jurisdiction?

Answer 21

The power of a court to hear appeals from lower courts.

Question 22

What does Bicameral mean?

Answer 22

A legislature with two chambers (e.g., Senate and House of Representatives).

Question 23

What is a Bill?

Answer 23

A proposed law presented to parliament for approval.

Question 24

What is a Committal Hearing?

Answer 24

A preliminary hearing to determine if there is enough evidence for trial.

Question 25

What is Common Law?

Answer 25

Law developed through court decisions (precedents).

Question 26

What are Concurrent Powers?

Answer 26

Powers shared by federal and state governments.

Question 27

What is Delegated Legislation?

Answer 27

Laws made by non-parliamentary bodies under authority given by parliament.

Question 28

What is Domestic Law?

Answer 28

Laws governing a particular country.

Question 29

What is Equity?

Answer 29

"equity" refers to a body of law developed in the English Court of Chancery to supplement and correct the common law, aiming for fairness and justice when strict legal rules might lead to unjust outcomes.

Question 30

What are Exclusive Powers?

Answer 30

Powers granted only to the federal government.

Question 31

What does Ex Parte mean?

Answer 31

A legal proceeding where only one party is present.

Question 32

What is External Affairs Power?

Answer 32

The federal government’s power to enter into international treaties.

Question 33

What is Federation?

Answer 33

A system where power is divided between a central government and states.

Question 34

What are Indictable Offences?

Answer 34

Serious crimes requiring a formal trial.

Question 35

What is an Inquisitorial System?

Answer 35

A legal system where judges play an active role in investigating cases.

Question 36

What is Jurisdiction?

Answer 36

The legal authority of a court to hear a case.

Question 37

What are Legislative Powers?

Answer 37

The authority to make laws.

Question 38

What is Mediation?

Answer 38

A dispute resolution process involving a neutral third party.

Question 39

What is Obiter Dicta?

Answer 39

Comments made by a judge that are not legally binding.

Question 40

What does Opinio Juris mean?

Answer 40

The belief that a practice is legally required.

Question 41

What is Original Jurisdiction?

Answer 41

A court's power to hear a case for the first time.

Question 42

What is Precedent?

Answer 42

A legal decision that serves as an example for future cases.

Question 43

What does Ratify mean?

Answer 43

To formally approve a treaty or agreement.

Question 44

What is Ratio Decidendi?

Answer 44

The legal reasoning behind a judicial decision.

Question 45

What is a Referendum?

Answer 45

A vote by the public on a proposed law or constitutional change.

Question 46

What are Residual Powers?

Answer 46

Powers retained by states rather than the federal government.

Question 47

What is Stare Decisis?

Answer 47

The principle that courts follow precedents.

Question 48

What is Statute Law?

Answer 48

Law made by parliament.

Question 49

What does Terra Nullius mean?

Answer 49

The concept of 'land belonging to no one,' historically used to justify colonization.

Question 50

What is a Treaty?

Answer 50

A formal agreement between countries.

Question 51

What does Ultra Vires mean?

Answer 51

Acts beyond the legal power of an individual or body.

Question 52

What is Balance of Probabilities?

Answer 52

The standard of proof in civil cases, requiring the more likely case to win.

Question 53

What is Beyond Reasonable Doubt?

Answer 53

The standard of proof in criminal cases, requiring certainty of guilt.

Question 54

What is Burden of Proof?

Answer 54

The obligation to prove one's case.

Question 55

What is Civil Jurisdiction?

Answer 55

A court’s authority to hear non-criminal cases.

Question 56

What is Credibility?

Answer 56

The trustworthiness of evidence or testimony.

Question 57

What is Cross-Examination?

Answer 57

The questioning of a witness by the opposing party.

Question 58

What are Damages?

Answer 58

Monetary compensation awarded in civil cases.

Question 59

What is Defamation?

Answer 59

A false statement that damages a person’s reputation.

Question 60

Who is the Defendant?

Answer 60

The person accused in a legal case.

Question 61

What is Examination in Chief?

Answer 61

The questioning of a witness by the party that called them.

Question 62

What is an Injunction?

Answer 62

A court order to stop or compel an action.

Question 63

What is Intellectual Property?

Answer 63

Legal rights over creations of the mind (such as inventions, literary and artistic works)

Question 64

What is a Jury?

Answer 64

A group of people who determine the verdict in a trial.

Question 65

Who is the Plaintiff?

Answer 65

The person bringing a civil lawsuit.

Question 66

What are Pleadings?

Answer 66

Pleadings, or statements of case, are formal court documents setting out a party's case.

Question 67

What does Prima Facie mean?

Answer 67

A case that has sufficient evidence to proceed to trial.

Question 68

What is Private Law?

Answer 68

Law governing relationships between individuals.

Question 69

Who is the Prosecutor?

Answer 69

The legal representative who brings a criminal case against a defendant.

Question 70

What is Public Law?

Answer 70

Law governing the relationship between individuals and the state.

Question 71

What is Specific Performance?

Answer 71

A court order requiring a party to fulfill a contract.

Question 72

What is Standard of Proof?

Answer 72

The level of evidence needed to prove a case.

Question 73

What is The State?

Answer 73

The government or authority of a country.