Untitled Deck

Question 1

Where do you place the stethoscope to auscultate the middle lobe of the right lung?

Answer 1

Between ribs 4 and 6 in mid-clavicular and mid-axillary lines.

Question 2

Where do you auscultate the lung bases?

Answer 2

Posteriorly, in the scapular line at the T11 vertebral level.

Question 3

At what level is the horizontal fissure of the right lung?

Answer 3

Rib 4.

Question 4

At what level are the oblique fissures of the lungs anteriorly and posteriorly?

Answer 4

Rib 6 anteriorly, T3 posteriorly.

Question 5

At what vertebral level does the larynx become the trachea?

Answer 5

C6.

Question 6

What are the anterior and posterior arterial sources for the intercostal arteries?

Answer 6

Anterior: internal thoracic artery; Posterior: thoracic aorta.

Question 7

What is the order of the intercostal neurovascular bundle from superior to inferior?

Answer 7

Vein, Artery, Nerve (VAN).

Question 8

What mnemonic helps remember diaphragm openings and their vertebral levels?

Answer 8

“I Ate 10 Eggs At 12” (IVC – T8, Esophagus – T10, Aorta – T12).

Question 9

What spinal nerves form the phrenic nerve?

Answer 9

C3, C4, C5.

Question 10

What nerve innervates serratus anterior and what does its paralysis cause?

Answer 10

Long thoracic nerve; winged scapula.

Question 11

What is the most inferior part of the pleural cavity?

Answer 11

Costodiaphragmatic recess.

Question 12

What is the ‘tongue’ of the superior lobe of the left lung called?

Answer 12

Lingula.

Question 13

Where does the trachea bifurcate?

Answer 13

At the sternal angle.

Question 14

Which nerve is medial to the phrenic nerve?

Answer 14

Vagus nerve.

Question 15

What is the order of great vessels from right to left?

Answer 15

Superior vena cava, Aorta, Pulmonary artery (SAP).

Question 16

Where is the tricuspid valve located in relation to surface anatomy?

Answer 16

Deep to the coronary groove (with the RCA).

Question 17

What artery runs in the anterior interventricular groove?

Answer 17

Left anterior descending artery (LAD).

Question 18

What artery runs in the posterior interventricular groove?

Answer 18

Posterior interventricular artery (branch of RCA).

Question 19

What are the main branches of the LCA?

Answer 19

Circumflex, LAD, left marginal, diagonal branches.

Question 20

What are the three openings in the right atrium?

Answer 20

SVC, IVC, and coronary sinus.

Question 21

What is the depression in the right atrium called?

Answer 21

Fossa ovalis (remnant of the foramen ovale).

Question 22

Where is the SAN located?

Answer 22

Just below the opening for the SVC.

Question 23

What connects heart valve cusps to papillary muscles?

Answer 23

Tendinous cords (chordae tendineae).

Question 24

What marks the boundary between superior and inferior mediastinum?

Answer 24

Transverse thoracic plane (sternal angle to T4/T5).

Question 25

What nerve travels with the esophagus through the diaphragm?

Answer 25

Vagus nerve.

Question 26

What vein drains into the SVC and runs along the posterior thorax?

Answer 26

Azygous vein.

Question 27

What are the branches of the aortic arch?

Answer 27

Brachiocephalic trunk, left common carotid, left subclavian artery.

Question 28

What lymph nodes are at the tracheal bifurcation?

Answer 28

Tracheobronchial lymph nodes.

Question 29

What does the recurrent laryngeal nerve hook under on the left?

Answer 29

Ligamentum arteriosum.

Question 30

Which tongue muscle is NOT innervated by CNXII?

Answer 30

Palatoglossus (innervated by CNX).

Question 31

What nerve innervates stylopharyngeus?

Answer 31

Glossopharyngeal nerve (CNIX).

Question 32

What is the sensory and motor innervation of the gag reflex?

Answer 32

Sensory: CNIX; Motor: CNIX & CNX.

Question 33

What nerves supply general and special sensation to the anterior 2/3 of the tongue?

Answer 33

General: CNV3; Special (taste): CNVII.

Question 34

What is the referred pain pattern of appendicitis?

Answer 34

Starts as a dull ache at the umbilicus, localizes to sharp pain in RIF.

Question 35

What nerve provides parasympathetic innervation up to the distal transverse colon?

Answer 35

Vagus nerve.

Question 36

What nerves supply parasympathetic innervation from the descending colon to anal canal?

Answer 36

Pelvic splanchnic nerves (S2–S4).

Question 37

What ribs protect the spleen?

Answer 37

Ribs 9–11.

Question 38

What artery supplies the gallbladder?

Answer 38

Cystic artery.

Question 39

What three structures make up the portal triad?

Answer 39

Hepatic portal vein, hepatic artery, common bile duct.

Question 40

What forms the ampulla of Vater?

Answer 40

Bile duct and pancreatic duct.

Question 41

What is the main arterial anastomosis in the colon?

Answer 41

Marginal artery of Drummond.

Question 42

What are three sites of portal-systemic anastomosis?

Answer 42

Lower esophagus, umbilicus, rectum.

Question 43

Where does the abdominal aorta bifurcate?

Answer 43

L4 vertebral level.

Question 44

What is the nerve supply above and below the pectinate line?

Answer 44

Above: autonomic; Below: somatic (pudendal nerve).