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1
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🔷 SECTION 1: Basic Definitions

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2
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Q: What is classification?

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A: Grouping living organisms based on shared characteristics.

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4
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Q: What is taxonomy?

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A: The science of naming and classifying organisms.

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6
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Q: What is nomenclature?

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7
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A: A structured system of naming organisms.

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8
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Q: What is a species?

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9
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A: A group of organisms that can interbreed and produce fertile offspring.

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10
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Q: What is a population?

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11
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A: Members of the same species living together in an area.

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12
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Q: What is a community?

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13
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A: All populations of different species in the same place.

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14
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Q: What is an ecosystem?

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15
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A: A community of organisms + their environment.

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16
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Q: What is a habitat?

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17
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A: The natural environment where an organism lives.

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18
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Q: What is a niche?

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19
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A: The role or function of an organism in its environment.

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20
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Q: Biotic factor = ?

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21
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A: Any living component (e.g.

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plants

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22
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Q: Abiotic factor = ?

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23
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A: Any non-living component (e.g.

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temperature

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24
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________________

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🔷 SECTION 2: 7 Taxonomic Ranks
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Q: What are the 7 taxonomic levels (in order)?
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A: Kingdom → Phylum → Class → Order → Family → Genus → Species
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Q: Mnemonic for the 7 levels?
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A: King Philip Came Over For Good Spaghetti
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🔷 SECTION 3: The 5 Kingdoms
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| KINGDOM | CELL TYPE | UNI/MULTI | NUTRITION | EXAMPLES |
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Q: What kingdom includes bacteria?
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A: Prokaryotae – unicellular
prokaryotic
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Q: What kingdom includes amoeba & algae?
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A: Protista – mostly unicellular
eukaryotic
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Q: What kingdom includes mushrooms and mold?
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A: Fungi – multicellular (mostly)
absorb food
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Q: What kingdom includes trees and plants?
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A: Plantae – multicellular
autotrophs (photosynthesis)
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Q: What kingdom includes humans and animals?
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A: Animalia – multicellular
ingest food
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🔷 SECTION 4: Domains
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Q: What are the 3 domains?
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A: Bacteria
Archaea
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Q: Which domain do humans belong to?
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A: Eukarya
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Q: Which domain includes ancient
extreme-living microbes?
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A: Archaea
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🔷 SECTION 5: Scientific Naming
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Q: What is binomial nomenclature?
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A: The 2-part scientific name of an organism: Genus + species.
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Q: Format of a scientific name?
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A: Genus species (italicized or underlined when handwritten)
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Q: Who developed the naming system?
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A: Carl Linnaeus
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🔷 SECTION 6: Plant Kingdom – Divisions
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Q: What division has no true roots/stems/leaves?
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A: Bryophyta (e.g.
mosses)
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Q: What division has fronds and spores under leaves?
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A: Pteridophyta (ferns)
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Q: Which plants reproduce using cones?
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A: Coniferophyta (e.g.
pine trees)
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Q: What division includes flowering plants?
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A: Angiospermophyta
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Q: Difference between monocot and dicot?
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A: Monocot = 1 cotyledon
parallel veins; Dicot = 2 cotyledons
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🔷 SECTION 7: Animal Kingdom – Phyla
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Q: What phylum includes sponges with pores?
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A: Porifera
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Q: What phylum includes jellyfish and coral?
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A: Cnidaria
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Q: What phylum includes flatworms like tapeworms?
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A: Platyhelminthes
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Q: Which phylum includes earthworms?
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A: Annelida
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Q: What phylum includes insects and crustaceans?
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A: Arthropoda
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Q: What phylum has a notochord (backbone)?
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A: Chordata
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🔷 SECTION 8: Vertebrate Classes (Chordata)
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Q: What class has gills
scales
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A: Pisces (Fish)
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Q: Moist skin
lays eggs in water
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A: Amphibia
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Q: Dry scaly skin
eggs with leathery shells?
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A: Reptilia
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Q: Feathers
beak
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A: Aves (Birds)
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Q: Hair/fur
milk glands
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A: Mammalia
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🔷 SECTION 9: Viruses
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Q: Are viruses alive?
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A: No – they are non-cellular
can't reproduce alone
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Q: Do viruses contain DNA or RNA?
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A: Yes – they contain genetic material
but need a host to function.
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