Upper

Question 1

Babinski

Answer 1

Tests if there is CNS damage
Upper = both sides
Involuntary contraction
Great toe extends and others span out = positive test which indicates abnormality in the corticospinal
Except for infants <2yrs

Question 2

Clonus

Answer 2

Tests to see if there is damage in the CNS
Excessive involuntary contraction of the ankle when dorsiflexed
Reflex stimulus by motor neuron excitation which decreases the action potential threshold

0- no contraction
5- severe

Question 3

Dermatomes

Answer 3

C3- back of head
C4- back of neck
C5- spine of scapula
C6- from shoulder to thumb
C7- from back to mid fingers
C8- from back to pinky finger
T1- back and front of chest

Light vs hard
Areas of skin innovated by nerve roots

Question 4

Myotomes

Answer 4

C1-neck fx
C2- neck ex
C3- neck lateral fx
C4- shoulder elevation
C5- shoulder abd
C6- elbow fx
C7- elbow ex
C8- thumb ex
T1- finger abd/ add

Part of the PNS of the somatosensory system
Group of muscles innovated by nerve roots

Question 5

Reflexes

Answer 5

Scaled by the deep tendon reflex scale
0- absent
5- clonus
Hyper reflexia
Weakness w/o atrophy
Spasticity

Biceps reflex - C5-6
Triceps reflex - C7

Question 6

Median Nerve

Answer 6

C5-T1
Shoulder compression
GH abd and lateral rot
Forearm sup
Wrist and finger ex
Elbow ex

Next steps -
Neck side fx
Release of wrist and fingers

Question 7

Radial nerve

Answer 7

C5-T1
Shoulder compression
Elbow ex
Med Rot
Wrist and finger fx

Next steps -
Neck side fx
Release of wrist and fingers

Question 8

Ulnar nerve

Answer 8

C5-T1
Wrist and finger ex
Forearm pronation
Elbow fx
Shoulder compression
GH lateral rotation
GH abd

Next steps -
Neck side flexion
Release of wrist and fingers