Upper Body Muscles Flashcards by Hannah Lillard

Supraspinatus

Origin: Supraspinous fossa of scapula

Insertion: Greater tubercle of humerus

Action: Abducts humerus

Prime Mover: Abduction

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Infraspinatus

Origin: Infraspinous fossa of scapula

Insertion: Greater tubercle of humerus

Action: Lateral rotation of humerus

Prime Mover: Outward Rotation, Hor. Extension

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Teres minor

Origin: Lateral border of scapula

Insertion: Greater tubercle of humerus

Action: Lateral rotation of humerus

Prime Mover: Outward rotation, Hor. Extension

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Subscapularis

Origin: Subscapular fossa of scapula

Insertion: Lesser tubercle of humerus

Action: Medial rotation of humerus

Prime Mover: Inward Rotation

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Deltoid

Origin: Clavicle and scapula

Insertion: Deltoid tuberosity of humerus

Action: Abducts humerus

Prime Mover:

Anterior : Flextion; Hor. Flexion

Middle: Abduction; Hor. Extension

Posterior: Hor. Extension

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Coracobrachialis

Origin: Coracoid process of scapula

Insertion: Medial margin of humerus shaft

Action: Adducts and flexes humerus

Prime Mover: Hor. Flexion

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Teres major

Origin: Inferior angle of scapula

Insertion: Intertubercular groove of humerus (medial lip)

Action: Extends, adducts, medially rotates humerus

Prime Mover: Extension; Adduction; Internally rotate

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Latissimus dorsi

Origin: Spinous processes of lower thoracic, and all lumbar vertebrea, ribs 8-12, and lumbrodorsal fascia

Insertion: Intertubercular groove of humerus

Action: Extens, adducts, medially rotates humerus

Prime Mover: Extension; Adduction

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Pectoralis Major

Origin: Ribs 2-4, body of sternum, and inferior medial clavicle

Insertion: Greater tubercle and inter tubercular groove of humerus (lateral lip)

Action: Flexes, adducts, medially rotates humerus

Prime Mover: Flexion; Extension; Adduction; Hor. Flexion

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Pectoralis Minor

Origin: Ventral surfaces of ribs 3-5

Insertion: Coracoid process of scapula

Action: Depresses, protracts, downward rotates of SG (Elevates ribs if

Prime Mover: Depression, Abduction, downward rotation

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Subclavius

Origin: First rib

Insertion: Clavicle (inferior border)

Action: Depresses and protracts scapula

Prime Mover: Depression

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Levator Scapulae

Origin: Transverse processes of first 4 cervical vertebrae

Insertion: Vertebral border of scapula (near superior angle)

Action: Elevates scapula

Prime Mover: Elevation

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Rhomboids major

Origin: Spinous processes of upper thoracic vertebrae

Insertion: Vertebral border of scapula (spine to inferior angle)

Action: Adducts and downward rotates scapula

Prime Mover: Elevation; Adduction; Downward Rotation

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Rhomboids minor

Origin: Spinous processes of C7-T1 vertebrae

Insertion: Vertebral border of scapula (near spine)

Action: Adducts and downward rotates scapula

Prime Mover: Elevation; Adduction; Downward rotation

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Serratus anterior

Origin: Anterior, superior margins of ribs of ribs 1-9

Insertion: Anterior surface of scapula, vertebral border

Action: Protracts and upward rotates scapula

Prime Mover: Abduction; Upward rotation

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Trapezius

Origin: Occipital bone, ligaments niche, and spinous processes of thoracic vertebrae

Insertion: Clavicla and scapula (acromion and spine)

Action: Heads 1 + 2: elevate Head 2: Upward rotates Head 3: Adducts Head 4: Depresses

Prime Mover: 1: Elevation; 2:Elevation and Upward rotation; 3: Adduction; 4: Depression and Upward rotation

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Biceps brachii

Origin: Short head: coracoid process of scapula Long head: supraglenoid tubercle of scapula

Insertion: Tuberosity of radius

Action: Flexes elbow and supinates forearm; Flexes humerus

Prime Mover: None for Shoulder

For elbow–> Flexion

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Brachialis

Origin: Anterior distal humerus

Insertion: Tuberosity of ulna

Action: Flexes elbow

Prime Mover: Flexion

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Brachioradialis

Origin: Lateral epicondyle of humerus

Insertion: Styloid process of radius

Action: Flexes elbow

Prime Mover: Flexion

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Anconeus

Origin: Posterior surface of lateral epicondyle of humerus

Insertion: Lateral margin of olecranon on ulna

Action: Extends elbow (moves ulna laterally during pronation

Prime Mover: None

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Triceps brachii

Origin: Lateral head: superior, lateral humerus Medial head: posterior humerus Long head: infraglenoid tubercle of scapula

Insertion: Olecranon process of ulna (all heads)

Action: Extends elbow (all heads)

Prime Mover: None for shoulder

Elbow–> Extension

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Pronator quadratus

Origin: Medial surface of distal ulna

Insertion: Anterolateral surface of distal radius

Action: Pronates forearm

Prime Mover: Pronation

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Pronator Teres

Origin: Medial epicondyle of humerus and coranoid process of ulna

Insertion: Distal lateral surface of radius

Action: Pronates forearm

Prime Mover: None

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Supinator

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Origin: Lateral epicondyle of humerus and proximal ulna

Insertion: Anterolateral surface of radius, distal to radial tuberosity

Action: Supinates forearm

Prime Mover: Supination

Flexor carpi radialis

Origin: Medial epicondyle of humerus Insertion: Bases of metacarpals 2 and 3 Action: Flexes and abducts wrist Prime Mover: None

Flexor carpi ulnaris

Origin: Medial epicondyle of humerus; (medial olecranon and ) Insertion: Pisiform, hamate, base of metacarpal 5 Action: Flexes and adducts wrist Prime Mover: None

Palmaris longus

Origin: Medial epicondyle of humerus Insertion: Palmer aponeurosis/ flexor retinaculum Action: Flexes wrist Prime Mover: None

Extensor carpis radialis longus

Origin: Lateral supracondylar ridge of humerus Insertion:Base of metacarpal 2 (posterior surface) Action: Extends and abducts wrist Prime Mover: None

Extensor carpi radialis brevis

Origin: Lateral epicondyle of humerus Insertion: Base of metacarpal 3 (posterior surface Action: Extends and abducts wrist Prime Mover: None

Extensor carpi ulnaris

Origin: Lateral epicondyle of humerus; posterior ulna Insertion: Base of metacarpal 5 (posterior surface) Action: Extends and adducts wrist Prime Mover: None

Flexor digitorum superficialis

Origin: Medial epicondyle of humerus; adjacent anterior ulna and Insertion: Middle phalanges 2-5 (mid lateral portion) Action: Flexes fingers and flexes wrist Prime Mover: None

Flexor digitorum profundus

Origin: Medial and posterior ulna, coronoid process, interosseous Insertion: Bases of distal phalanges 2-5 Action: Flexes distal phalanges Prime Mover: None

Flexor pollicus longus

Origin: Anterior radius, interosseous membrane Insertion: Base of distal phalanx of thumb Action: Flexes thumb Prime Mover: None

Abductor pollicus longus

Origin: Proximal, posterior ulna and radius Insertion: Lateral marin of metacarpal 1 Action: Abducts thumb Prime Mover: None

Extensor pollicus brevis

Origin: Posterior radius (distal to abduct or pollicus longus origin) Insertion: Base of proximal phalange of thumb Action: Extends thumb, abducts hand Prime Mover: None

Extensor pollicus longus

Origin: Posterior and lateral ulna, interosseous membrane Insertion: Base of distal phalange of thumb Action: Extends thumb, abducts hand Prime Mover: None

Extensor digitorum

Origin: Lateral epicondyle of humerus Insertion: Posterior phalanges 2-5 Action: Extends fingers and hand Prime Mover: None

Extensor indicis

Origin: Posterior ulna, interosseous membrane Insertion: Posterior index finger Action: Extends and adducts index finger Prime Mover: None

Extensor digiti minimi

Origin: Lateral epicondyle of humerus (via tendon) Insertion: Posterior proximal phalange of little finger Action: Extends little finger Prime Mover: None

Elevation of Shoulder girdle (4)

Trapezius (head 1) Trapezius (head 2) Levator scapulae Rhomboid

Depression of Shoulder girdle (2)

Subclavius Pectoralis minor

Protection of Shoulder girdle (2)

Pectoralis minor Serratus anterior

Retraction of Shoulder Girdle (2)

Trapezius (head 3) Rhomboid

Upward Rotation of Shoulder Girdle (2)

Serratus anterior Trapezius (head 2)

Downward Rotation of Shoulder Girdle (2)

Pectoralis minor Rhomboid

Flexion of Shoulder Joint (2)

Anterior Deltoid Pectoralis major (clavicular)

Extension of Shoulder Joint (3)

Pectoralis major (sternal) Latissimus dorsi Teres major

Abduction of Shoulder Joint (2)

Middle Deltoid Supraspinatus

Adduction of Shoulder Joint (3)

Pectoralis major (sternal) Latissimus dorsi Teres Major

Lateral Rotation of Shoulder Joint (2)

Infraspinatus Teres minor

Medial Rotation of Shoulder Joint (2)

Subscapularis Teres major

Horizontal Flexion of Shoulder Joint (4)

Anterior Deltoid Pectoralis major (sternal) Pectoralis major (clavicular) Coracobrachialis

Horizontal Extension of Shoulder Joint (4)

Middle Deltoid Posterior Deltoid Infraspinatus Teres minor

Flexion of Elbow Joint (2)

Biceps brachii Brachialis

Extension of Elbow Joint (1)

Triceps brachii

Pronation of Elbow Joint (2)

Pronator quadratus Pronator teres

Supination of Elbow Joint (1)

Biceps brachii

Flexion of Wrist Joint (3)

Flexor carpi radialis Flexor carpi ulnaris Flexor digitorum superficialis

Extension of Wrist Joint (1)

Extensor digitorum

Upper Body Muscles Flashcards

(59 cards)