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Upper extremity Flashcards

(50 cards)

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1
Q

Triceps brachii

A

PA: Long head: infragelnoid tubericle of the scapula
Lateral head: posterior surface of humerus, superior to radial groove
medial head: posterior surface of the humerus, inferior to radial groove
DA: proximal end of olecranon process and fascia of forearm
NI: radial nerve
MS: chief extensor of the forearm; long head steadies head of abducted humerus, long head also involved in shoulder extension

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2
Q

brachialis

A

PA: distal half of anterior surface of humerus
DA: coronoid process and tuberosity of ulna
NI: musculocutaneous nerve
MA: major flexor of forearm- flexes forearm in all positions

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3
Q

pectoralis major

A

PA: clavicular head: anterior surface of medial half of clavicle
sternocostal head: anterior surface of sternum, superior 6 costal cartilage and aponerarosis of external oblique muscle
DA: lateral lip of intertubercular groove of humerus
NI: lateral and medial pectoral nerves
MA: adducts and medially rotates humerus; draws scapula anteriourly and inferiorly; acting alone CH flexes humerus, SCH extends humerus especially from a flexed shoulder position

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4
Q

Latissimus dorsi

A

PA: spinus process of inferior 6 ribs (7-12), thoracis vertebrae, thoraco lumbar fascia, iliac crest and inferior 3 or 4 ribs
DA: floor of intertubercular groove of humerus
NI: thoracodorsal nerve
MA: extends adducs and medially rotates humerus; raises body towards arm during climbing

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5
Q

Oppones digiti minimi

A

PA: hook of hamate and flexor retinaculum
DA: medial border of 5th metacarpal
NI: deep branch of ulnar nerve
MA: draws 5th metacarpal anteriorly and rotates it, brining it into opposition w/ thumb

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6
Q

Adductor pollicics

A

PA: oblique head: bases of 2nd and third metacarpals, capitate and adjacent carpals
transverse head: anterior surface of body of 3rd metacarpal
DA: medial side of base of proximal phalanx of thumb
NI: deep branch of ulnar nerve
MA: adducts thumb towards middle digit

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7
Q

Subclavius

A

PA: junction of 1st rib and its costal cartilage
DA: inferior surface of middle 1/3 of clavicle
NI: nerve to subclavius
MA: anchors and depresses clavicle

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8
Q

Serratus anterior

A

PA: external surface of medial border of scapula
DA: anterior surface of medial border of scapula
sup: near superior angle
NI:long thoracic nerve
MA: protracts scapula and holds it against thoracic wall; aides in upward rotation of scapula

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9
Q

anconeus

A

PA: lateral epicondyle of humerus
DA: lateral surface of olecranon and superior part of posterior surface of ulna
NI: radial nerve
MA: assist triceps in extending forearm; stabilize elbow joint; abducts ulna during pronation

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10
Q

abductor pollicis brevis

A

PA: flexor retinaculum and tubercles of scaphoid and trapezium
DA: lateral side of base pf phalanx of the thumb
NI: recurrent branch of median nerve
MA: abducts thumb and assist with opposition

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11
Q

opponenes pollicis

A

PA: flexor retinaculum and tubercles of scaphoid and trapezium
DA: lateral side of 1st metacarpal
NI: recurrent branch of median nerve
MA: draws first metacarpal bone laterally to oppose thumb toward center of palm and rotates it medially

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11
Q

flexor pollicis brevis

A

PA: flexor retinaculum and tubercles of scaphoid and trapezium
DA: lateral sid of base of phalanx of thumb
NI: recurrent branch of median nerve
MA: flexes thumb

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12
Q

adductor digiti minimi

A

PA: pisiorm
DA: medial side of base of proximal phalanx of 5th digit
NI: deep branch of ulnar nerve
MA: abducts 5th digit

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13
Q

flexor digiti minimi brevis

A

PA: hook of hamate and flexor retinaculum
DA: medial side of base of proximal phalanx of 5th digit
NI: deep branch of ulnar nerve
MA: flexes proximal phalanx of 5th digit

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14
Q

flexor carpi radialis

A

PA: medial epicondyle of humerus
DA: base of second metacarpal
NI: median nerve
MA: flexes and abducts hand (radial deviation)

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15
Q

pronator teres

A

PA: medial epicondyle of humerus and coronoid process of ulna
DA: middle lateral surface of radius
NI: median nerve
MA: pronates and flexes forearm at elbow

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16
Q

Palmar interosseous muscles

A

PA: palmar surfaces of 2nd 4th and 5th metacarpals
DA: extensor expansions of digits and bases of proximal phalanges of digits 2, 4, 5
NI: deep branch of ulnar nerve
MA: adducts digits toward axial line and assists lumbricles in flexing MCP joints and extending IP joints

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17
Q

Lumbricles

A

PA: medial 3 tendons of flexor digitorum profundus
DA: lateral sides of extensor expansions of digits 4 and 5
NI: deep branch of ulnar nerve
MA: flexes digits at MCP joints and extends at IP joints

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18
Q

Biceps Brachii

A

PA: Long head: supraglenoid tubercle of scapula
short head: tip of coracoid process of scapula
DA: tuberosity of radius and fascia of forearm via bicipital aponeurosis
NI: musculocutaneous nerve
MA: supinates forearm and when supinated aides in flexing the forearm

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19
Q

flexor pollicis longus

A

PA: anterior surface of radius and adjacent interosseus membrane
DA: base of distal phalanx of thumb
NI: anterior interosseus nerve from median nerve
MA: flexes phalanges of 1st digit at MCP and IP

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20
Q

Dorsal interosseous muscles

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A

PA: (dorsal surface) and adjacent sides of 2 metacarpals
DA: extensor expansions and bases of proximal phalanges of digits 2-4
NI: deep branch of ulnar nerve
MA: abducts digtid from axial line and acts with lumbricles to flex MCP joints and extend IP joints

21
Q

Lumbricles (1st 2nd)

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A

PA: lateral 2 tendons of flexor digitorum profundus
DA: lateral sides of extensor expansions of the corresponding digits
NI: median nerve
MA: flexes digtis at MCP joints and extends at IP joints

22
Q

Supra spinatus

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A

PA: Supraspinous fossa of scapula
DA: superior facet on greater tuberosity of humerus
NI: suprascapular nerve
MA: initaites and assits deltioid in abduction of arm and acts with other rotator cuff muscles

23
Q

trapezius

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A

PA: medial 1/3 of superior nuchal line; external occipital protuberance, nuchal ligament and spinous process of c7-t12
DA: lateral 1/3 of clavicle, acromion and spine of scapula
NI: spinal root of accessory nerve (CN11)and cervical nerves (c3 c4
MA: elevates (upper) depresses (lower) retracts (middle) and rotates scapula (upper+lower for superior rotation of scap)

24
teres major
PA: dorsal surface of inferior angle of scapula DA: medial lip pf intertubecular groove of humerus NI: lower subscapular nerve MA: adducts and medially rotates arm
25
extensor carpi radialis brevis
PA: lateral epicondyle of humerus DA: base of 3rd metacarpal NI: deep branch of radial nerve MA: extend and abduct hand at wrist ( radial deviation)
26
extensor digitorum
PA: lateral epicondyle of humerus DA: extensor expansions of digits 2-5 NI: posterior interosseous nerve, the continuation of deep branch of radial nerve MA: extends digits 2-5 at MCP joints and extends hand at wrist
27
Rhomboid major
PA: spinous process of T2-5 vertebrae DA: medial border of scapula from level of spine to inferior angle NI: dorsal scapular nerve MA: retract scapula and rotate it to depress glenoid cavity; fix scapula to thoracic wall
28
Rhomboid minor
PA: nuchal ligament and spinous process of c7-T1 DA: medial border of scapula from level of spine to inferior angle NI: dorsal scapular nerve MA: retract scapula and rotate it to depress glenoid cavity; fix scapula to thoracic wall
29
Infraspinatus
PA: infraspinous fossa of scapula DA: middle facet on greater tuberosity of humerus NI: suprascapular nerve MA: laterally rotate arm; helps hold humeral head in glenoid cavity of scapula
30
coracobrachialis
PA: tip of coracoid process of scapula DA: middle 1.3 of midal surface of humerus NI: musculocutaneous nerve MA: helps to flex and adduct arm
31
abductor pollicis longus APL
PA: posterior surface of ulna, radius an interosseous membrane DA: base of 1st metacarpal NI: posterior interosseous nerve, and the continuation of the deep branch of the radial nerve MA: abducts thumb and extends at CMC joint
32
Extensor pollicis longus EPL
PA: posterior surface of middle 1/3 of ulna and interosseous membrane DA: base of distal phalanx of thumb NI: posterior interosseous nerve, and the continuation of the deep branch of the radial nerve MA: extends distal phalanx of thumb at CMC and IP joints
33
Extensor pollicis brevis EPB
PA: posterior surfaces of radisu and interosseous membrane DA: base of proximal phalanx of thumb NI: posterior interosseous nerve, and the continuation of the deep branch of the radial nerve MA: extends proximal phalanx of thumb at carpometacarpal joint
34
pronator quadratus
PA: distal 1/4 of anterior surface of ulna DA: distal 1/4 of anterior surface of radius NI: anterior interosseous nerve from median nerve MA: pronates forearm; deep fibers bind radius and ulna together
35
flexor digitorm profundus
PA: proximal 3/4 of medial and anterior surfaces of ulna and interosseous membrane DA: base of distal phalanges of digits 2-5 NI: anterior interosseous branch of median nerve MA: flexion of digits 2-5 at DIP and flexion of hand at wrist
36
flexor digitorum superficialis
PA: humoulnar head: medial epicondyle of humerus, ulnar collateral ligament, coronoid process of ulna radial head: superior half of anterior border of ulna DA: bodies of middle phalanges of digits 2-5 NI: median nerve MA: flexion of digits 2-5 at MCP and PIP joints and flexion of hand at wrist
37
flexor carpi ulnaris
PA: humeral head: medial epicondyle of humerus ulnar head: olecranon and posterior border of ulna DA: pisiform bone, hook of hamate, 5th metacarpal NI: ulnar nerve MA: flexes and adducts hand ( ulnar deviation
38
Palmaris longus
PA: medial epicondyle of humerus DA: distal half of flexor retinaculum and palmar aponeurosis NI: median nerve MA: flexes hand at wrist and tightens palmar aponeurosis
39
extensor idicis
PA: posterior surface of ulna and interosseous membrane DA: extensor expansion of 2nd digit NI: posterior interosseous nerve and continuation of deep branch of radial nerve MA: extends 2nd digit and helps to extend hand at wrist
40
extensor carpi ulanris
PA: lateral epicodyle of humerus and posterior border of ulna DA: base of 5th metacarpal NI: posterior interosseous nerve and continuation fo deep branch of radial nerve MA: extends and adducts hand at wrist (ulnar deviation)
41
extensor digiti minimi
PA: lateral epicondyle of humerus DA: extensor expansion of 5th digit NI: posterior interosseous and the continuation of deep branch of radial nerve MA: extends 5th digit at MCP and IP joints
42
Supinator
PA: lateral epicondyle of humerus, radial colateral and annular ligaments, supinator fossa and crest of ulna DA: lateral, posterior and anterior surfaces of proximal 1/3 of radius NI: deep branch of radial nerve MA: supinates forearm ( turns palm anteriorly)
43
Extensor carpi radialis longus
PA: lateral supracondylar ridge of humerus DA: base of second metacarpal NI: radial nerve MA: extend and abduct hand at wrist (radial deviation)
44
brachioradialis
PA: proximal 2/3 of lateral supracondylar ridge of humerus DA: lateral surface of distal end of radius (does not cross wrist) NI: radial nerve MA: flexes forearm (neutral wrist position
45
Subscapularis
PA: subscapular fossa of scapula DA: lesser tuberosity of humerus NI: upper and lower subscapular nerves MA: medially rotates arm and adducts it; helps to hold humeral head in glenoid cavity of scapula
46
deltoid
PA: lateral 1/3 of clavicle, acromion and spine of scapula DA: deltoid tuberosity of humerus NI: axillary nerve MA: anterior: flexes and medially rotates arm middle: abducts arm posterior: extends and laterally rotates arm
47
Teres minor
PA: superior part of lteral border of scapula DA: inferior facet on grater tuberosity of humerus NI: axillary nerve MA: laterally rotate arm; helps to hold humeral head in glenoid cavity of scapula
48
levator scapulae
PA: posterior tubercles of transverse processes of C1-4 DA: superior part of medial border of scapula NI: dorsal scapular and cervical nerves MA: elevates scapula and rotates the scapula so that the glenoid cavity moves inferiorly
49
pectoralis minor
PA: 3-5th ribs near their costal cartilage DA: medial morder and superior surface of coracoid process of scapula NI: medial pectoral nerves; clavicular head MA: stabilizes scapula by drawing it inferiorly and anteriorly against thoracic wall

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