Upper Extremity Flashcards
(30 cards)
Supraspinatus
Movements:
- abduction
- primary arc: 10-15 degrees
- when testing thumb must be down
Special test:
- empty can
- dropped arm
Injuries to the supraspinatus
- rotator cuff tear
- shoulder bursitis
- impingement
- contusion to the long head of the bicep muscle
- hooked clavicle
- frozen shoulder
Labrum of the shoulder joint
What is it
-rings of fibrocartilage around the edge of the articular joint surface of the bone
What it does
-stabilizes the shoulder joint
Special test
- Hawkins/Kennedy
- Neer’s
- Apprehension crank
- O’Brien’s
Ligaments of the shoulder joint
What they are
- Ac joint
- Sc joint
- glenehumeral joints
- superior
- middle
- inferior
What they do
-give strength to the capsule
Special test
- translation
- sulcus sign
Ligament injuries
- Anterior luxation
- Posterior luxation
Special test of the AC and SC ligaments
- AC distraction
- AC range of motion
- SC distraction
- SC range of motion
Subscapularis
Movement
-internal rotation of humerus
Special test
-butterfly
Injuries
- lack of flexibility/ range of motion
- externally rotating the abducted humerus
Infraspinatus
Movement
-external rotation of humerus
Special test
-sleeper stretch
Injuries
- lack of flexibility/ range of motion
- internally rotating the abducted humerus
Teres minor
Movement
-external rotation of humerus
Special test
-sleeper stretch
Injuries
- lack of flexibility/ range of motion
- internally rotating the abducted humerus
Parts of the rotator cuff
- supraspinatus
- infraspinatus
- teres minor
- subscapularis
Deltoids
Parts
- anterior
- middle
- posterior
Movements
- anterior: shoulder flexion and internal rotation
- middle: abduction
- posterior: hyperextension and external rotation
Latissimus Dorsi
Movements
- adduction
- internal rotation of the humerus
- shoulder extension
Muscle test
-put arm up and externally rotate then bring arm across body and internally rotate
Lavator scapula
Movement
- extensor of the neck
- upward rotation of scapula
Muscle test
- I don’t know
- chin to chest and bring to neutral
Rhomboids
Movements
- adduction of the scapula
- downward rotation of scapula
Muscle test:
-lay on table face down arms at 90 degrees of body thumbs up then raise thumb towards roof
Trapezius
Parts
- superior trapezius
- middle trapezius
- inferior trapezius
Movement
- superior: upward rotation of scapula and lateral movement of scapula
- middle: adduction of scapula
- inferior: downward rotation and lateral movement of scapula
Special test
- superior: I don’t know
- middle: lay on table face down shoulders at 90 degrees then raise elbow to roof
- inferior: Superman
Pectoralis major
Movement
- horizontal adduction
- internal rotation of the humerus
Muscle test
-lay on table head up, externally rotate arm at 90 degrees then internally rotate and bring arm to opposite armpit
Serrated anterior
Movement
-abduction of scapula
Injuries
- weak serrated anterior
- contusion to serratus anterior
- tear to serratus anterior
- injury to thoracic nerve
Special test
-push wall
Muscle test
-lay on table back down raise arm 90 degrees then punch roof
Functional test
-push up
Rectus abdominis
Movement
-trunk flexion
Muscle test
-sit up
Internal oblique
Movement
- trunk rotation
- lateral flexion of vertebral column
Muscle test
-sit up with elbow touch to opposite knee
External oblique
Movement
- trunk rotation
- lateral flexion of vertebral column
Muscle test
-sit up with elbow touch to opposite knee
Transverse abdominis
Movement
-trunk rotation
Muscle test
-sit up with elbow touch to opposite knee
Erector spinae
Movement
- back extension
- lateral flexion of vertebral column
Muscle test
- lay back up on table and lift chest off table without lifting legs
- hang off table and lift chest to neutral position
Quadratics lumborum
Movement
- back extension
- elevation pelvis girdle
Muscle test
- Micheal Jackson
- lay back down on table hold leg and have them raise their pelvis
Abductors of the shoulder
- middle deltoid
- suprapinatus
