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Anatomy Of The Upper Extremity > Upper extremity > Flashcards

Upper extremity Flashcards

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0
Q

Insertion of the pectoralis major

A

Lateral lip of the intertubercular sulcus of humerus

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1
Q

Origin of the pectoralis major

A

(clavicular head) anterior surface of medial half of clavicle
(Sternocostal head) anterior surface of sternum, superior 6 costal cartilages, aponeurosis of external oblique muscle

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2
Q

Innervation of the pectoralis major

A

Lateral and medial pectoral nerves
Clavicular hear- C5 and C6
Sternocostal head C7, C8, T1

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3
Q

Actions of the pectoralis major

A

Adducts and medially rotates humerus; draws scapula anteriorly and inferiorly. Acting alone, clavicular head flexes humorus and sternocostal head extends it from the flexed position.

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4
Q

Origin of the pectoralis minor

A

3rd-5th ribs near their costal cartilages

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5
Q

Insertion of the pectoralis minor

A

Medial border and superior surface of the coracoid process of the scapula

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6
Q

Actions of the pectoralis minor

A

Stabilizes scapula by drawing inferiorly and anteriorly against the thoracic wall

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8
Q

Origin of the subclavius

A

Junction if the 1st rib and its coastal cartilage

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9
Q

Insertion of the subclavius

A

Inferior surface of the middle third of the clavicle

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10
Q

Innervation of the subclavius

A

Subclavian nerve (C5, C6)

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11
Q

Actions of the subclavius

A

Anchors and depresses the clavicle

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12
Q

Origin of the serratus anterior

A

External surface of the lateral parts of the 1st-8th ribs

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13
Q

Insertion of the serratus anterior

A

Anterior surface of the medial border of the scapula

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14
Q

Innervation of the serratus anterior

A

Long thoracic nerve (C5, C6, C7)

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15
Q

Actions of the serratus anterior

A

Protracts the scapula
Fixes it to the thoracic wall
Rotates the scapula

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16
Q

Innervation of the pectoralis minor

A

Medial pectoral nerve (C8-T1)

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28
Q

Origin of the trapezius

A

Medial third of the superior nuchal line
External occipital protuberance
Nuchal ligament
Spinous processes of C7-T12

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29
Q

Insertion of the trapezius

A

Lateral third of the clavicle
The acromion
The spine of the scapula

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30
Q

Innervation of the trapezius

A

Spinal accessory nerve (CN XI) (motor)

C3 + C4 (pain and proprioception)

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31
Q

Actions of the trapezius

A

Descending (superior) part elevates
Ascending (inferior) part depresses
Middle part retracts
Descending and ascending work together to rotate glenoid cavity

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32
Q

Origin of the latissimus dorsi

A

Spinous processes of inferior 6 thoracic vertebrae
Thoracolumbar fascia
Iliac crest
Inferior 3 or 4 ribs

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33
Q

Insertion of the latissimus dorsi

A

Floor of the intertubercular sulcus of the humerus

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34
Q

Innervation of the latissimus dorsi

A

Thoracodorsal nerve (C6, C7, C8)

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35
Q

Actions of the latissimus dorsi

A

Extends, adducts, and medially rotates humerus

Raises body towards arms during climbing

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36
Origin of the deltoid
Lateral third of the clavicle The acromion The spine of the scapula
37
Insertion of the deltoid
The deltoid tuberosity of the humerus
38
Innervation of the deltoid
Axillary nerve (C5, C6)
39
Actions of the deltoid
Clavicular (anterior) part flexes and medially rotates arm Acromial (middle) part abducts arm Spinal (posterior) part extends and laterally rotates arm
40
Origin of the levator scapulae
Posterior tubercles of the transverse processes of C1-C4 vertebrae
41
Insertion of the levator scapulae
Medial border of the scapula superior to the root of the spine
42
Innervation of the levator scapulae
``` Dorsal scapular nerve (C5) Cervical nerves (C3-C4) ```
43
Actions of the levator scapulae
Elevates scapula and tilts its glenoid cavity inferiorly by rotating the scapula
44
Origin of the infraspinatus
Infraspinatus fossa
45
Insertion of the infraspinatus
Middle facet of the greater tubercle of the humerus
46
Innervation of the infraspinatus
Suprascapular nerve (C4, C5, C6)
47
Actions of the infraspinatus
Laterally rotates arm | Helps hold humeral head in glenoid cavity of scapula
48
Origin of the teres minor
Middle part of the lateral border of scapula
49
Insertion of the teres minor
Inferior facet of the greater tubercle of the humerus
50
Innervation of the teres minor
Axillary nerve (C5, C6)
51
Actions of the teres minor
Laterally rotates arm | Helps hold humeral head in the glenoid cavity of the scapula
52
Origin of the teres major
Posterior surface of the inferior angle of the scapula
53
Insertion of the teres major
Medial lip of the intertubercular sulcus of the humerus
54
Innervation of the teres major
Lower subscapular nerve (C5, C6)
55
Actions of the teres major
Adducts and medially rotates arm
56
Origin of the subscapularis
Subscapular fossa (most of anterior surface of scapula)
57
Insertion of the subscapularis
Lesser tubercle of the humerus
58
Innervation of the subscapularis
Upper and lower subscapular nerve (C5, C6, C7)
59
Actions of the subscapularis
Medially rotates and adducts arm | Helps hold the humeral head in the glenoid cavity
68
Origin of the coracobrachialis
Tip of the coracoid process of the scapula
69
Insertion of the coracobrachialis
Middle third of the medial surface of the humerus
70
Innervation of the coracobrachialis
Musculocutaneous nerve (C5, C6)
71
Actions of the coracobrachialis
Helps flex and adduct arm | Resists dislocation of shoulder
72
Origin of triceps brachii
Long head: infraglenoid tubercle of the scapula Lateral head: posterior surface of the humerus, superior to the radial groove Medial head: posterior surface of the humerus, inferior to the radial groove
73
Insertion of the triceps brachii
Proximal end of the olecranon of the ulna and fascia of the forearm
74
Innervation of the triceps brachii
Radial nerve (C6, C7, C8)
75
Actions of the triceps brachii
Chief extensor of the forearm | Long head extends arm and resists dislocation of humerus (especially important during abduction)
76
Origin of the anconeus
Lateral epicondyle of the humerus
77
Insertion of the anconeus
Lateral surface of the olecranon and superior part of the posterior surface of the ulna
78
Innervation of the anconeus
Radial nerve (C7, C8, T1)
79
Action of the anconeus
Assists triceps in extending the forearm Stabilizes elbow joint Abducts ulna during pronation
80
Origin of the pronator teres
Ulnar head: Coronoid process of the ulna | Humeral head: medial epicondyle of the humerus
81
Insertion of the pronator teres
Middle convexity of lateral surface of radius
82
Innervation of the pronator teres
Median nerve (C6, C7)
83
Actions of the pronator teres
Pronates and flexes the forearm (at elbow)
84
Origin of the flexor carpi radialis (FCR)
Medial epicondyle of the humerus
85
Insertion of the flexor carpi radialis (FCR)
Base of the 2nd (3rd) metacarpal
86
Innervation of the flexor carpi radialis (FCR)
Median nerve (C6, C7)
87
Actions of the flexor carpi radialis (FCR)
Flexes and abducts the hand (at wrist)
88
Origin of the palmaris longus
Medial epicondyle of the humerus
89
Insertion of the palmaris longus
distal half of the flexor retinaculum | Palmar aponeurosis
90
Innervation of the palmaris longus
Median nerve (C7, C8)
91
Actions of the palmaris longus
Flexes hand at wrist and tenses palmar aponeurosis
92
Origin of the flexor carpi ulnaris (FCU): Humeral head Ulnar head
Olecranon and posterior border (via aponeurosis)
93
Insertion of the flexor carpi ulnaris (FCU): Humeral head Ulnar head
Pisiform Hook of hamate 5th metacarpal
94
Innervation of the flexor carpi ulnaris (FCU): Humeral head Ulnar head
Ulnar nerve (C7, C8)
95
Actions of the flexor carpi ulnaris (FCU): Humeral head Ulnar head
Flexes and adducts the hand (at wrist)
96
Origin of the flexor digitorum superficialis (FDS)
Humero-ulnar head: medial epicondyle of the humerus and coracoid process of the ulna Radial head: oblique line of the radius
97
insertion of the flexor digitorum superficialis (FDS)
Shafts (bodies) of the middle phalanges of the medial four digits
98
Innervation of the flexor digitorum superficialis (FDS)
Median nerve (C7, C8, T1)
99
Actions of the flexor digitorum superficialis (FDS)
Flexes proximal interphalangeal joints of the middle four digits Acting more strongly, it also flexes proximal phalanges at metacarpophalangeal joints
100
Origin of the flexor pollicis longus (FPL)
Anterior surface of the radius and adjacent interosseous membrane
101
Insertion of the flexor pollicis longus (FPL)
Base of the distal phalanx of the thumb
102
Innervation of the flexor pollicis longus (FPL)
Anterior interosseous nerve, from the median nerve (C8, T1)
103
Actions of the flexor pollicis longus (FPL)
Flexes phalanges of the 1st digit (thumb)
104
Origin of the flexor digitorum profundus (FDP)
Proximal three quarters of medial and anterior surfaces of the ulna and interosseous membrane
105
Insertion of the flexor digitorum profundus (FDP)
Bases of the distal phalanges of the 2nd 3rd 4th and 5th digits
106
Innervation of the flexor digitorum profundus (FDP)
``` Lateral part (to digits 2 and 3): median nerve (C8, T1) (anterior interosseous branch) Medial part (to digits 4 and 5): ulnar nerve (C8, T1) ```
107
Actions of the flexor digitorum profundus (FDP)
Flexes distal interphalangeal joints of digits 2, 3, 4, and 5 Assists with wrist flexion
108
Origin of the pronator quadratus
Distal quarter of anterior surface of the ulna
109
Insertion of the pronator quadratus
Distal quarter of anterior surface of the radius
110
Innervation of the pronator quadratus
Anterior interosseous nerve, from median nerve (C8, T1)
111
Actions of the pronator quadratus
Pronates the forearm | Deep fibers bind radius and ulna together
112
Origin of the brachioradialis
Proximal two-thirds of the lateral supra-epicondylar ridge of the humerus
113
Insertion of the brachioradialis
Lateral surface of the distal end of the radius proximal to the styloid process
114
Innervation of the brachioradialis
Radial nerve (C5, C6, C7)
115
Actions of the brachioradialis
Relatively weak flexion of the forearm | Maximal when forearm is in midpronated position
116
Origin of the extensor carpi radialis longus
Lateral supra-epicondylar ridge of the humerus
117
Insertion of the extensor carpi radialis longus
Dorsal aspect of the base of the 2nd metacarpal
118
Innervation of the extensor carpi radialis longus
Radial nerve (C6, C7)
119
Actions of the extensor carpi radialis longus
Extend and abduct the hand at the wrist joint
120
Origin of the extensor carpi radialis brevis
Lateral epicondyle of the humerus (common extensor origin)
121
Insertion of the extensor carpi radialis brevis
Dorsal aspect of the base of the 3rd metacarpal
122
Innervation of the extensor carpi radialis brevis
Deep branch of the radial nerve (C7, C8)
123
Actions of the extensor carpi radialis brevis
Extend and abduct the hand at the wrist joint | Active during fist clenching
124
Origin of the extensor digitorum
Lateral epicondyle of the humerus
125
Insertion of the extensor digitorum
Extensor expansions of the medial 4 fingers
126
Innervation of the extensor digitorum
Posterior interosseous nerve (C7, C8), continuation of the deep branch of the radial nerve
127
Actions of the extensor digitorum
Extends the medial four fingers primarily at the metacarpophalangeal joint, secondarily at the interphalangeal joint
128
Origin of the extensor digiti minimi
Lateral epicondyle of the humerus
129
Insertion of the extensor digiti minimi
Extensor expansion of the 5th finger
130
Innervation of the extensor digiti minimi
Posterior interosseous nerve (C7, C8), continuation if the deep branch of the radial nerve
131
Actions of the extensor digiti minimi
Extends the 5th finger primarily at the metacarpophalangeal joint Secondarily at the interphalangeal joint
132
Origin of the extensor carpi ulnaris
Lateral epicondyle of the humerus | Posterior order of the ulna via a shared aponeurosis
133
Insertion of the extensor carpi ulnaris
Dorsal aspect of the base of the 5th metacarpal
134
Innervation of the extensor carpi ulnaris
Posterior interosseous nerve (C7, C8), continuation of the deep branch of the radial nerve
135
Actions of the extensor carpi ulnaris
Extends and adducts the hand at the wrist joint (also active during fist clenching)
136
Origin of the supinator
Lateral epicondyle of the humerus Radial collateral and anular ligaments Supinator fossa Crest of the ulna
137
Insertion of the supinator
Lateral, posterior, and anterior surfaces of the proximal third of the radius
138
Innervation of the supinator
Deep branch of the radial nerve (C7, C8)
139
Actions of the supinator
Supinated the forearm | Rotates the radius to turn palm anteriorly or superiorly (if elbow is flexed)
140
Origin of the abductor pollicis longus
Posterior surface of the proximal halves of the ulna, radius, and interosseous membrane
141
Insertion of the abductor pollicis longus
Base of the 1st metacarpal
142
Innervation of the abductor pollicis longus
Posterior interosseous nerve (C7, C8), continuation of the deep branch of the radial nerve
143
Actions of the abductor pollicis longus
Abducts the thumb and extends it at the carpometacarpal joint
144
Origin of the extensor pollicis longus
Posterior surface of the middle third of the ulna and interosseous membrane
145
Insertion of the extensor pollicis longus
Dorsal aspect of the base of the distal phalanx of the thumb
146
Innervation of the extensor pollicis longus
Posterior interosseous nerve (C7, C8), continuation of the deep branch of the radial nerve
147
Actions of the extensor pollicis longus
Extends the distal phalanx of the thumb at the interphalangeal joint Extends the metacarpophalangeal and carpometacarpal joints
148
Origin of the extensor pollicis brevis
Posterior surface of the distal third of the radius and interosseous membrane
149
Insertion of the extensor pollicis brevis
Dorsal aspect of the base of the proximal phalanx of the thumb
150
Innervation if the extensor pollicis brevis
Posterior interosseous nerve (C7, C8), continuation of the deep branch of the radial nerve
151
Actions of the extensor pollicis brevis
Extends proximal phalanx of thumb at metacarpophalangeal joint Extends carpometacarpal joint
152
Origin of the extensor indicis
Posterior surface of the distal third of the ulna and interosseous membrane
153
Insertion of the extensor indicis
Extensor expansion of the 2nd finger
154
Innervation of the extensor indicis
Posterior interosseous nerve (C7, C8), continuation of the deep branch of the radial nerve
155
Actions of the extensor indicis
Extends the 2nd finger (enabling its independent extension) | Helps extend the hand at the wrist
156
Borders of the triangular space
Teres major Teres minor Long head of triceps
157
Contents of the triangular space
Circumflex scapular artery
158
Boarders of the quadrangular space
Teres major- superior Teres minor- inferior Long head of triceps- lateral Humerus
159
Contents of the quadrangular space
Axillary artery | Posterior circumflex humeral artery
160
Borders of the triceps hiatus
Teres major- inferior Long head of triceps- lateral Humerus
161
Contents often triceps hiatus
Deep brachial artery | Radial nerve
162
Contents of the cubital fossa
My Median nerve Bottoms Brachial artery Turned Tendon of biceps Red Radial nerve
163
Boundaries of the cubital fossa
``` Superiorly- imaginary line between medial and lateral epicondyles Medially- pronator teres Laterally- brachioradialis Roof- bicipital aponeurosis Floor- brachialis ```
164
Origin of the rhomboid minor
Nuchal ligament | Spinous processes of C7-T1 vertebrae
165
Insertion of the rhomboid minor
Triangular area and the medial end of the scapular spine
166
Innervation of the rhomboid minor
Dorsal scapular nerve (C4-C5)
167
Actions of the rhomboid minor
Retracts scapula Rotates it to depress glenoid cavity Fixes it to the thoracic wall
168
Origin of the rhomboid major
Spinous processes of T2-T5
169
Insertion of the rhomboid major
Medial border of the scapula from the level of the spine to the inferior angle
170
Innervation of he rhomboid major
Dorsal scapular nerve (C4, C5)
171
Actions of the rhomboid major
Retracts scapula Rotates it to depress glenoid cavity Fixes it to the thoracic wall
176
Origin of the brachialis
Distal half of the anterior surface of the humerus
177
Insertion of the brachialis
Coronoid process and tuberosity of the ulna
178
Innervation of the brachialis
Musculocutaneous nerve (C5, C6)
179
Actions of the brachialis
Flexes forearm in all positions
192
Origin of the supraspinatus
Supraspinous fossa of scapula
193
Insertion of supraspinatus
Superior facet of greater tubercle of humerus
194
Innervation of supraspinatus
Supra scapular nerve (C4, C5, C6)
195
Actions of the supraspinatus
Initiates and assists deltoid in abduction of arm and acts with other rotator cuff muscles
216
Origin of the biceps brachii
Short head: tip of coracoid process of scapula | Long head: supraglenoid tubercle of scapula
217
Insertion of the biceps brachii
Tuberosity of the radius and fascia of the forearm via bicipital aponeurosis
218
Innervation of the biceps brachii
Musculocutaneous nerve (C5, C6)
219
Actions of the biceps brachii
Supinates forearm and when it is supinated, flexes forearm Flexes arm Short head resists dislocation of shoulder

Anatomy Of The Upper Extremity (2 decks)

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