Upper Extremity (Actions, Innervation and Arterial Supply)

Question 1

Abductor Pollicis Brevis

Answer 1

A: Abducts the thumb at the carpometacarpal and metacarpophalangeal joints
A2: Assists in opposition and extension of thumb
I: Recurrent branch of median nerve (C8 and T1)
Ar: Superficial Palmar branch of radial artery

Question 2

Flexor Pollicis Brevis

Answer 2

A: Flexes thumb at the matcarpophalangeal joint
A2: Assists in opposition and adduction of the thumb
I1: Superficial head - Recurrent branch of the median nerve (C8, T1)
I2: Deep head - Deep branch of the ulnar nerve (C8, T1)
Ar: Superficial Palmar Branch of the radial artery

Question 3

Abductor Pollicis Longus

Answer 3

A1: Abducts the thumb at the carpometacarpal joint
A2: Assists in extension and radial deviation of hand
I: Posterior interosseous nerve (C7, C8)
Ar: Posterior interosseous artery

Question 4

Adductor Pollicis

Answer 4

A: Adducts the thumb at the carpometacarpal joint
A2: Assists in flexion and opposition of thumb
I: Deep branch of the ulnar nerve (C8, T1)
Ar: Deep palmar arch

Question 5

Anconeus

Answer 5

A1: Extends forearm at the elbow
A2: Abducts the ulna during pronation
A3: Provides support for the elbow joint capsule
I: Radial nerve (C7, C8)
Ar: Deep brachial artery

Question 6

Biceps Brachii

Answer 6

A1: Flexion of elbow joint
A2: Supination of the forearm
I: Musculocutaneous nerve (C5, C6)
Ar: Branches of the brachial artery

Question 7

Brachialis

Answer 7

A: Primary flexor of the elbow joint
I: Musculocutanous nerve (C5, C6)
Ar: Branches of the brachial artery, radial recurrent artery, and branches from the ulnar collateral arteries

Question 8

Brachioradialis

Answer 8

A: Flexion of the forearm
I: Radial nerve (C5, C6)
Ar: Radial recurrent artery

Question 9

Coracobrachialis

Answer 9

A: Flexion and adduction of the arm at the shoulder joint
I: Musculocutaneous nerve (C5, C6)
Ar: Branches of the brachial artery

Question 10

Deltoid

Answer 10

A1: Anterior fibers - Flexion, medial rotation of the humerus
A2: Middle fibers - Abduction of the humerus
A3: Posterior fibers - Extension, lateral rotation of the humerus
I: Axillary Nerve (C5, C6)
Ar: Thoracoacromial artery
Ar 2: Circumflex humeral arteries
Ar 3: Profunda Brachii artery

Question 11

Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis

Answer 11

A: Extends the wrist and abducts the hand at the wrist
I: Deep branch of the radial nerve (C7, C8)
Ar: Radial artery

Question 12

Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus

Answer 12

A: Extends the wrist joint and abducts the hand at the wrist joint
I: Radial nerve (C6, C7)
Ar: Radial recurrent artery and radial artery

Question 13

Extensor Carpi Ulnaris

Answer 13

A: Extends the wrist joint and adducts the hand at the wrist joint
I: Posterior interosseous nerve (C7, C8)
Ar: Ulnar artery

Question 14

Extensor Digitorum

Answer 14

A: Extends the middle four digits at the metacarpophalangeal and interphalangeal joints
I: Posterior interosseous nerve (C7, C8)
Ar: Radial recurrent artery

Question 14

Extensor Digiti Minimi

Answer 14

A: Extends the little finger at the metacarpophalangeal and interphalangeal joints
I: Posterior interosseous nerve (C7, C8)
Ar: Radial recurrent artery and posterior interosseous artery

Question 15

Extensor Indicis

Answer 15

A: Extends the index finger at the metacarpophalangeal and interphalangeal joints.
A2: Assists in wrist extension
I: Posterior interosseous nerve (C7, C8)
Ar: Posterior interosseous artery and perforating branches of the anterior interosseous artery

Question 16

Flexor Carpi Radialis

Answer 16

A: Flexion of the wrist joint and abduction of the hand at the wrist joint
I: Median nerve (C6, C7)
Ar: Anterior or posterior ulnar recurrent artery and the branches of the radial artery

Question 17

Flexor Carpi Ulnaris

Answer 17

A: Flexion of the wrist joint and adduction of the hand at the wrist joint
I: Ulnar nerve (C8, T1)
Ar: Posterior ulnar recurrent artery and ulnar artery

Question 18

Flexor Digiti Minimi Brevis

Answer 18

A: Flexes the little finger at the metacarpophalangeal joint
I: Deep branch of the ulnar nerve (C8, T1)
Ar: Deep palmar arch

Question 19

Flexor Digitorum Profundus

Answer 19

A: Flexion of the distal and proximal interphalangeal joints of the middle digits (2-5)
A2: Flexion of the metacarpophalangeal joints
I1: Lateral half - Anterior interosseous nerve (C8, T1)
I2: Medial half - Deep branch of the ulnar nerve (C8, T1)
Ar: Anterior interosseous artery

Question 20

Flexor Digitorum Superficialis

Answer 20

A: Flexion of the middle phalanges at the proximal interphalangeal joints of fingers 2-5
A2: Assists in flexion of the metacarpophalangeal and wrist joints
I: Median nerve (C7, C8, T1)
Ar: Anterior Interosseous artery

Question 21

Flexor Pollicis Longus

Answer 21

A: Flexion of the interphalangeal joint of the thumb
A2: Assists in flexion of the metacarpophalangeal joint of the thumb
I: Anterior interosseous nerve (C8, T1)
Ar: Anterior interosseous artery

Question 22

Infraspinatus

Answer 22

A: Lateral rotation of the humerus at the shoulder joint and stabilizes the glenohumeral/Shoulder joint
I: Suprascapular nerve (C5, C6)
Ar: Suprascapular and circumflex scapular arteries

Question 23

Levator Scapulae

Answer 23

A: Elevates and Downwardly rotates the scapula
I: Dorsal scapular nerve (C5) and branches from cervical spinal nerves C3 and C4
Ar: Transverse cervical artery and Ascending cervical artery

Question 23

Latissimus Dorsi

Answer 23

A: Extension, adduction, and medial rotation of the humerus I: Thoracodorsal nerve (C6, C7, C8) Ar: Thoracodorsal artery

Question 24

Lumbricals

Answer 24

A: Flex the metacarpophalangeal joints A2: Extend the proximal and distal interphalangeal joints I1: Lateral two lumbricals - Median nerve I2: Medial two lumbricals - Deep branch of the ulnar nerve Ar: Superficial and Deep palmar arches

Question 25

Opponens Digiti Minimi

Answer 25

A: Opposition of the 5th digit I: Deep branch of the ulnar nerve (C8, T1) Ar: Deep palmar arch

Question 26

Opponens Pollicis

Answer 26

A: Opposition of the thumb I: Recurrent branch of the median nerve (C8, T1) Ar: Superficial palmar arch

Question 27

Palmaris Longus

Answer 27

A: Weak flexion of the wrist I: Median nerve (C7, C8) Ar: Ulnar artery

Question 28

Pectoralis Major

Answer 28

A: Adduction, medial rotation, and flexion of the humerus I: Lateral and medial pectoral nerves (C5-T1) Ar: Pectoral branch of the thoracoacromial artery, and perforating branches of the internal thoracic artery

Question 29

Pectoralis Minor

Answer 29

A: Depression and protraction of the scapula I: Medial Pectoral nerve (C8, T1) Ar: Pectoral branch of the thoracoacromial artery

Question 30

Pronator Quadratus

Answer 30

A: Pronation of the forearm I: Anterior interosseous nerve Ar: Anterior interosseous artery

Question 31

Pronator Teres

Answer 31

A: Pronation of the forearm, weak flexion of elbow I: Median nerve (C6, C7) Ar: Ulnar Artery and anterior recurrent ulnar artery

Question 32

Rhomboid Major and minor

Answer 32

A: Retraction of the scapula and rotation of the scapula to downwardly rotate the glenoid cavity I: Dorsal Scapular nerve (C4, C5) Ar: Dorsal Scapular artery

Question 33

Serratus Anterior

Answer 33

A: Protraction of the scapula, upward rotation of the scapula, and stabilization of the scapula against the rib cage I: Long thoracic nerve (C5, C6, C7) Ar: Thoracodorsal artery, lateral thoracic artery, and superior thoracic artery

Question 34

Subclavius

Answer 34

A: Depresses and stabilizes the clavicle I: Nerve to the subclavius (C5, C6) Ar: Clavicular branch of the thoracoacromial artery

Question 35

Subscapularis

Answer 35

A: Medial rotation of the humerus, stabilization of the glenohumeral joint I: Upper and lower subscapular nerves (C5, C6) Ar: Subscapular artery

Question 36

Supinator

Answer 36

A: Supination of the forearm I: Deep branch of the radial nerve (C5, C6) Ar: Recurrent interosseous artery

Question 37

Supraspinatus

Answer 37

A: Initiates abduction of the arm at the shoulder joint I: Suprascapular nerve (C5, C6) Ar: Suprascapular artery

Question 38

Teres Major

Answer 38

A: Extension, Adduction, and medial rotation of the humerus I: Lower subscapular nerve (C6, C7) Ar: Circumflex scapular artery

Question 39

Teres Minor

Answer 39

A: Lateral rotation of the humerus, stabilizes the glenohumeral joint I: Axillary nerve (C5, C6) Ar: Circumflex scapular artery

Question 40

Trapezius

Answer 40

A: Elevation, depression, retraction, and rotation of the scapula I: Accessory nerve (CN 11) and C3-4 Ar: Transverse cervical artery and occipital artery

Question 41

Triceps Brachii

Answer 41

A: I: Ar: