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Anesthesia Foundations 2 > Upper Extremity Anatomy Review > Flashcards

Upper Extremity Anatomy Review Flashcards

(75 cards)

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1
Q

The brachial plexus is comprised of what nerve roots?

A

C5 C6 C7 C8 T1
(5 total)

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2
Q

What are the components of the brachial plexus from proximal to distal?

A

Roots, trunks, divisions, cords, branches

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3
Q

What are the trunks of the brachial plexus?

A

Superior, middle, inferior

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4
Q

How many divisions are there in the brachial plexus?

A

6

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5
Q

What are the cords of the brachial plexus?

A

Lateral, posterior, medial
(3 - total)

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6
Q

What are the branches of the brachial plexus?

A

Musculocutaneous, median, axillary, radial, ulnar.

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7
Q

What roots form the superior trunk of the brachial plexus?

A

C5 and C6

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8
Q

What root forms the middle trunk of the brachial plexus?

A

C7

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9
Q

What roots form the inferior trunk of the brachial plexus?

A

C8 T1

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10
Q

What trunks form the lateral cord of the brachial plexus?

A

Superior and middle

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11
Q

What trunks form the posterior cord of the brachial plexus?

A

Superior, middle, inferior

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12
Q

What trunks form the medial cord of the brachial plexus?

A

inferior

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13
Q

What nerve roots innervate the musculocutaneous nerve of the brachial plexus?

A

C5-C7

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14
Q

What nerve roots innervate the axillary nerve of the brachial plexus?

A

C5 -C6

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15
Q

What nerve roots innervate the radial nerve of the brachial plexus?

A

C5-T1

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16
Q

What nerve roots innervate the Median nerve of the brachial plexus?

A

C5-T1

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17
Q

What nerve roots innervate the ulnar nerve of the brachial plexus?

A

C8-T1

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18
Q

The roots of the brachial plexus originate from?

A

The union of ventral Rami of the C5 – T1 spinal nerves

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19
Q

the brachial plexus roots pass between which two muscles?

A

The anterior and middle scalene muscles

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20
Q

The brachial plexus roots converge into trunks just beyond?

A

The lateral border of the scalene muscles

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21
Q

Where do the trunks of the brachial plexus diverge into anterior and posterior divisions?

A

Underneath the clavicle and over the first rib

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22
Q

The anterior divisions of the brachial plexus innervate what parts of the arm?

A

Anterior (Flexor)

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23
Q

The posterior divisions of the brachial plexus innervate what parts of the arm?

A

Posterior (extensor)

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24
Q

Divisions of the brachial plexus converge when?

A

The brachial plexus goes under the pectoralis minor muscle

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25
Where do the brachial plexus cords diverge into branches?
In the axilla
26
Does the brachial plexus supply sensory, motor, or both innervation to nearly all of the shoulder and upper extremity?
Both
27
Identify the roots, trunks, divisions, cords, and terminal branch
C5-C7, Superior and Middle Trunks, Anterior Divisions of superior and middle trunks Lateral Cord, Musculocutaneous Branch
28
Identify the roots, trunks, divisions, cords, and terminal branch
C5-T1, Superior, Middle, and Inferior Anterior Divisions from all 3 trunks Lateral and Medial Cords Median Nerve
29
Identify the roots, trunks, divisions, cords, and terminal branch
C5-C6 Superior Trunk Posterior division of superior trunk Posterior Cord Axillary Nerve
30
Identify the roots, trunks, divisions, cords, and terminal branch
C8-T1 Inferior Trunk Anterior Division of Inferior Trunk Medial Cord Ulnar Nerve
31
Identify the roots, trunks, divisions, cords, and terminal branch
C5-T1 Superior, Middle, Inferior Trunks Posterior divisions from all 3 trunks Posterior Cord Radial Nerve
32
Name 5 non-terminal branches of the brachial plexus. How are they categorized?
Categorized by origin in relation to the clavicle. -Supraclavicular: Dorsal Scapular Nerve, SupraSCAPular Nerve, Long Thoracic Nerve Infraclavicular: Lateral Pectoral Nerve and Medial Pectoral Nerve
33
What nerve root(s) does the dorsal scapular nerve arise from? What muscles does it innervate?
C5 Innervates levator scapula and rhomboid muscles
34
What nerve roots does the Suprascapular nerve arise from? What muscles does it innervate?
C5-C6 Innervates the supraspinatus and infraspinatus muscles (and acromioclavicular joint)
35
What nerve roots does the Long Thoracic nerve arise from? What muscles does it innervate?
C5-C7 Innervates the serratus anterior muscle
36
What nerve roots does the lateral pectoral nerve arise from? What muscles does it innervate?
C5-C7 Pectoralis major muscle (and acromioclavicular joint)
37
What nerve roots does the Medial Pectoral nerve arise from? What muscles does it innervate?
C8-T1 Pectoralis Minor and lower region of pectoralis major
38
The phrenic nerve originates from?
Anterior rami of C3-C5
39
The supraclavicular nerve arises from?
C3-C4 of the cervical plexus
40
Fxn of the supraclavicular nerve
Provides sensory innervation to the lateral portion of the clavicle. Superior aspect of the scapula posteriorly Midline to deltoid along with 2nd rib anteriorly
41
What is the acromioclavicular joint?
Where the clavicle and scapula join
42
A Dermatome describes an area of skin innervated by?
A dorsal (sensory) spinal nerve root
43
What dermatome provides sensory innervation to the superior aspect of the shoulder?
C4
44
What dermatome provides sensory innervation to the lateral shoulder?
C6
45
What dermatome provides sensory innervation to the 3rd digit?
C7
46
What dermatome provides sensory innervation to the 5th digit (pinky)? *why do we care about this one so much*
C8 In neuraxial anesthesia, if a pts pinky starts to get numb, the block is spreading too high/cephalad
47
What dermatome provides sensory innervation to the medial aspect of the arm?
T1
48
What dermatome provides sensory innervation to the axilla?
T2
49
What nerve provides sensory innervation to the yellow region? What nerve roots does it arise from?
Supraclavicular (C3-C4)
50
What nerve provides sensory innervation to the lateral upper arm at the shoulder (the green region)? What nerve roots does it arise from?
Axillary (C5-C6)
51
What nerve provides sensory innervation to the dark blue region? What nerve roots does it arise from?
SupraSCAPular (C5-C6)
52
What nerves provide sensory innervation to the medial upper arm to elbow (dark orange region)? What nerve roots does it arise from?
Intercostalbrachial (2nd intercostal nerve) and Medial brachial cutaneous (T1)
53
What nerve provides sensory innervation to the purple region? What nerve roots does it arise from?
Radial (C5-T1)
54
What nerve provides sensory innervation to the anterior upper arm, anterior & medial forearm to wrist (maroon region)? What nerve roots does it arise from?
Medial Antebrachial Cutaneous N. (C8-T1)
55
What nerve provides sensory innervation to the lateral forearm to wrist (light blue region)? What nerve roots does it arise from?
Musculocutaneous (C5-C7)
56
What nerve provides sensory innervation to the plamer side of the hand + the tips on dorsal side of digits 1, 2, 3, & 4. Along with the radial side of the 4th digit (light orange region)? What nerve roots does it arise from?
Median N. (C5-T1)
57
What nerve provides sensory innervation to the hypothenar eminence along with the ulnar side of the 4th digit and entire 5th digit (pink region)? What nerve roots does it arise from?
Ulnar n. (C8-T1)
58
A myotome describes muscles intervated by?
Ventral (motor) spinal nerve roots
59
What nerve provides motor innervation to the green region? What is the motor fxn?
Axillary N. Shoulder aBduction (deltoid contraction)
60
What nerve provides motor innervation to the light blue region? What is the motor fxn?
Musculocutaneous Elbow flexion (bicep contraction) Forearm supination (palm faces up)
61
What nerve provides motor innervation to the lavender region? What is the motor fxn?
Subscapular medially rotate and adduct the humerus.
62
What nerve provides motor innervation to the dark blue region? What is the motor fxn?
SupraSCAPular Enables shoulder abduction (supraspinatus) and external rotation (infraspinatus
63
What nerve provides motor innervation to the purple region? What is the motor fxn?
Radial elbow extension (tricep contraction) wrist extension finger extension thumb aBduction
64
What nerve provides motor innervation to the orange region? What is the motor fxn?
Median forearm pronation (palm faces down) finger flexion (first 3.5 digits) thumb opposition
65
What nerve provides motor innervation to the pink region? What is the motor fxn?
Ulnar N. Wrist flexion 5th digit opposition to thumb Finger flexion (4th and 5th digit) Thumb aDDuction (Think nerve stimulation and NMBs for a adductor pollicis contraction)
66
What nerve provides sensory innervation to the pink region?
Ulnar nerve
67
What nerve provides sensory innervation to the orange region?
Median
68
What nerve provides sensory innervation to the purple region?
radial
69
What nerve provides sensory innervation to the light blue region?
musculocutaneous
70
An osteotome describes bones and joints innervated by?
Dorsal (sensory) spinal nerve root(s)
71
What nerve provides sensory innervation to the lavender region?
subscapular
72
What nerve provides sensory innervation to the green region?
axillary
73
What nerve provides sensory innervation to the dark blue region?
supraSCAPular
74
What nerve provides sensory innervation to the red region?
supraclavicular
75
What nerve provides sensory innervation to the dark yellow region?
subclavius

Anesthesia Foundations 2 (21 decks)

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