Upper Extremity Muscle Origin, Insertion, Action, Innervation

Question 1

Pec Minor

O, I, A, Ns

Answer 1

O: upper ribs
I: coracoid process of the scapula
A: protraction/abduction of the scapula; forced inspiration
Ns: medial pectoral nerve

Question 2

Subclavius

O, I, A, N

Answer 2

O: first rib
I: Subclavian groove on clavicle
A: move clavicle medially; protective cushion between clavicle and subclavian vessels
N: Nerve to Subclavius

Question 3

Trapezius

O, I, A, Ns

Answer 3

O: Occiput, External occipital protuberance, spines of the thoracic vertebra, ligamentum nuchae
I: Clavicle; acromion process and spine of the scapula
A: stabilizes the scapula, elevates scapula, adducts scapula
N: Motor - SAN (CN XI); Sensory - C4 and C5

Question 4

Rhomboid Major

O, I, A, N

Answer 4

O: Spine, upper thoracics
I: Vertebral border of the scapula
A: elevate/adduct scapula; stabilizes scapula
N: DSN

Question 5

Rhomboid Minor

O, I, A, N

Answer 5

O: Spine, lower cervical and T1
I: Vertebral border of the scapula
A: Adduct/elevate scapula; stabilize scapula
N: DSN

Question 6

Levator Scapula

O, I, A, N

Answer 6

O: Transverse processes of the upper cervicals
I: Superior angle of the scapula
A: Elevate/adduct scapula; stabilize scapula
N: DSN

Question 7

Latissimus Dorsi

O, I, A, N

Answer 7

O: Spines of the lower thoracic and lumbar vertebrae; thoracodorsal fascia; crest of the ilium
I: Intertubercular groove (LT)
A: extends, adducts, medially rotates the humerus; forced expiration (cough)
N: Thoracodorsal nerve

Question 8

Serratus Anterior

O, I, A, N

Answer 8

O: Upper ribs
I: vertebral border of the scapula
A: Abduct/protract scapula; stabilize scapula; forced inspiration when humerus is abducted
N: Long thoracic

Question 9

Pec Major
Origin
Insertion
Action
Nerve Supply

Answer 9

O: Clavicle, sternum/upper ribs, external oblique
I: Greater tubercle/inter tubercular groove
A: EM-adduct/medially rotate humerus, forced inspiration; CP-flexed humerus at shoulder joint; ScP-extends humerus at shoulder joint
N: medial and lateral pectoral nerve

Question 10

Deltoid

O, I, A, N

Answer 10

O: Ant-clavicle; middle-acromion process; post-spine of scap
I: Deltoid tuberosity of humerus
A: ant-flex/medially rotates arm; middle-abduct arm; post-extends/laterally rotates arm
N: Axillary N

Question 11

Supraspinatus

O,I,A,N

Answer 11

O: Supraspinous fossa
I: Greater tuberosity
A: Laterally rotate arm, initiates abduction of the arm, stabilizes shoulder joint
N: Suprascapular nerve

Question 12

Infraspinatus

O, I, A, N

Answer 12

O: Infraspinous fossa
I: Greater tuberosity
A: laterally rotates humerus; stabilizes shoulder joint
N: Suprascapular nerve

Question 13

Subscapularis

O, I, A, N

Answer 13

O: Subscapular fossa
I: Lesser tuberosity
A: medially rotates humerus; stabilizes shoulder joint
N: upper and lower subscapular nerve

Question 14

Teres Minor

O, I, A, N

Answer 14

O: Axillary border
I: Greater tuberosity
A: laterally rotates humerus, stabilizes shoulder joint
N: Axillary nerve

Question 15

4 muscles of the rotator cuff?

Answer 15

Supraspinatus, infraspinatus, teres minor, subscapularis

Question 16

Teres Major

O, I, A, N

Answer 16

O: Inferior angle
I: Intertubercular groove (LT)
A: Medially rotates humerus, adducts humerus, stabilizes shoulder joint
N: lower subscapular N

Question 17

Biceps Brachii

O, I, A, N

Answer 17

O: SH-coracoid process of scapula; LH-supraglenoid tubercle of scapula
I: Tuberosity of radius and shaft of ulna
A: flex forearm at elbow joint; supinate radius prime mover
N: Musculocutaneous N

Question 18

Coracobrachialis

O, I, A, N

Answer 18

O: Coracoid process of scapula
I: Shaft humerus
A: flexion/adduction humerus at shoulder joint, stabilizes shoulder joint
N: Musculocutaneous (goes thru middle of this)

Question 19

Brachialis

O,I,A,N

Answer 19

O: Shaft humerus
I: coronoid process of ulna
A: equal prime mover of flexion of the forearm
N: Musculocutaneous

Question 20

Triceps brachii

O, I, A, N

Answer 20

O: Longhead-infraglenoid tubercle Lateral and medial head-Shaft humerus
I: olecranon process ulna
A: Extend forearm
N: Radial nerve

Question 21

Pronator Teres

O, I, A, N

Answer 21

O: Medial epicondyle, coronoid process of the ulna
I: pronator ridge of the radius
A: pronation at the superior radioulnar joint; assists in flexion at the elbow joint
N: Median nerve

Question 22

Flexor Carpi Radialis

O, I, A, N

Answer 22

O: Medial epicondyle
I: 2nd metacarpal with a little piece on 3rd
A: prime mover in flexion at wrist joint; assists abduction of hand
N: Median nerve

Question 23

Palmaris longus

O, I, A, N

Answer 23

O: Medial epicondyle
I: palmar aponeurosis
A: helps flex hand and helps with palm grip
N: Median nerve

Question 24

Flexor Carpi Ulnaris

O, I, A, N

Answer 24

O: Medial epicondyle, olecranon process
I: pisiform, hamate, 5th metacarpal
A: Prime mover in flexion of the hand, adduction of hand
N: Ulnar N

Question 25

Flexor Digitorum Superficialis | O, I, A, N

Answer 25

O: Medial epicondyle I: Middle phalanges digits 2-5 A: Flexes PIP joint and helps flex hand N: Median N

Question 26

Flexor Digitorum Profundus | O, I, A, N

Answer 26

O: Shaft of ulna I: distal phalanges digits 2-5 A: Flexes DIP joint and helps flex hand N: Median and Ulnar

Question 27

Flexor Pollicis Longus | O, I, A, N

Answer 27

O: Shaft of radius I: distal phalanx of digit one A: flexes digit at IP joint N: Median N

Question 28

Pronator Quadratus | O, I, A, N

Answer 28

O: Shaft of ulna I: Shaft of radius A: Pronation at inferior radial-ulnar joint; stabilized the inferior radial-ulnar joint N: Median

Question 29

Brachioradialis | O, I, A, N

Answer 29

O: Lateral Supercondylar ridge of the humerus I: Styloid process of the radius A: flexes forearm; pronates and supinates forearm N: Radial N

Question 30

Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus | O, I, A, N

Answer 30

O: lateral epicondyle of the humerus I: 2nd metacarpal A: extends and abducts hand N: Radial N

Question 31

Extensor carpi radialis brevis | O, I, A, N

Answer 31

O: lateral epicondyle of the humerus I: 3 metacarpal A: extends and abducts the hand N: Radial N

Question 32

``` Extensor Digitorum (Maximus) O, I, A, N ```

Answer 32

O: lateral epicondyle I: 2-5 middle phalanges A: Extend those digits and hand; abduct digits 2, 4, 5 N: Radial N

Question 33

Extensor Digiti Minimi | O, I, A, N

Answer 33

O: Lateral epicondyle I: Proximal phalanx of digit 5 A: extends digit 5 N: radial N

Question 34

Extensor Carpi Ulnaris | O, I, A, N

Answer 34

O: lateral epicondyle I: 5th metacarpal A: extends hand; adducts hand N: Radial N

Question 35

Supinator | O, I, A, N

Answer 35

O: lateral epicondyle; supinator ridge of ulna I: shaft of radius A: supination of the forearm N: Radial N

Question 36

Abductor Pollicis Longus | O, I, A, N

Answer 36

O: Shaft of radius and ulna I: 1st metacarpal A: abducts digit one at CM joint N: Radial

Question 37

Extensor Pollicis Brevis | O, I, A, N

Answer 37

O: Shaft of radius I: proximal phalanx of digit one A: extends digit one at MP joint N: Radial nerve

Question 38

Extensor Pollicis Longus | O, I, A, N

Answer 38

O: Shaft ulna I: distal phalanx digit one A: extends digit one at IP joint N: Radial

Question 39

Extensor Indicis | O, I, A, N

Answer 39

O: Shaft ulna I: proximal phalanx digit 2 A: extends digit 2 at MP joint N: radial n

Question 40

Anconeus | O, I, A, N

Answer 40

O: Lateral epicondyle I: Olecranon process of ulna A: extends forearm N: radial N

Question 41

Abductor pollicis brevis | O, I, A, N

Answer 41

O: Trapezium and scaphoid I: Proximal phalanx 1st digit A: abduct digit one at MP joint N: Median Nerve

Question 42

Flexor pollicis brevis | O, I, A, N

Answer 42

O: Trapezium, trapezoid, capitate I: proximal phalanx of digit 1 A: flex digit one at MP joint N: Median and ulnar nerves

Question 43

Opponens Pollicis | O, I, A, N

Answer 43

O: Trapezium I: 1st metacarpal A: medially rotates 1st metacarpal N: Median N

Question 44

Adductor Pollicis | O, I, A, N

Answer 44

O: Trapezoid, Capitate, 2nd and 3rd metacarpal I: proximal phalanx of digit one A: adduct digit one N: Ulnar N