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Upper GI tract Flashcards

1
Q

Epithelial lining of GI tract

A. Visceral mesoderm
B. Endoderm

A

B

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2
Q

Gives rise to parenchyma of hepatocytes and pancreas

A. Visceral mesoderm
B. Endoderm

A

B

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3
Q

Forms stroma of the glands in the GI

A. Visceral mesoderm
B. Endoderm

A

A

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4
Q

Forms muscle, CT, peritoneal components of the WALL OF THE GUT

A. Visceral mesoderm
B. Endoderm

A

A

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5
Q

GI traft mainly is from the

A. Visceral mesoderm
B. Endoderm

A

Endoderm

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6
Q

Lateral folding results to —>

A

Late PAC

Peritoneum

Anterior Abdominal Wall

Coelom or Intraembryonic Coelomic Cavities

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7
Q

At what week does the connecting bridge narrow and caudal part of foregut and midgut and major hindgut are suspended from the abd. wall by the dorsal mesentery

A

5th

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8
Q

Appearance of esophagus at 4 wka old

A

Respiratory bud/respiratory diverticulum

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9
Q

Appearance of stomach at 4 weeks old

A

Fusiform dilatation of the foregut

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10
Q

In the ff weeks, the appearance of the stomach and its position changes due to the its rotation

A

90 degrees clockwise around a longitudinal AP axis

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11
Q

Rotation of the stomach cause Left side to face

A

Left anterior right posterior

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12
Q

Vagus nerve location

A

LARP

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13
Q

Reason why there are greater and lesser curvatures

A

Posterior wall of the stomach grows faster

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14
Q

Both ends of the stomach originally lie in the midline but after rotation…

Caudal/Pylorus is
Cephalic/Caudal is

A

Right and upward (pYlorus - RU)

Left and backward

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15
Q

Determines the final position of the pancreas —> retroperitoneal

A

Dorsal mesogastrium

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16
Q

It lengthens —> fuses with post. abd wall —> degenerates

A

Dorsal mesogastrium

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17
Q

These cells become the spleen

A

Dorsal mesogastrium cells

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18
Q

Spleen is intraperitoneal. T or F.

A

T. Suspended by splenicorenal ligament and gastrolienal ligament

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19
Q

Greater omentum is derived from

A

Dorsal mesentery/mesogastrium

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20
Q

D1 and D2 are formed from the

A

Terminal foregut

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21
Q

D3 and D4 is formed from

A

Cephalic midgut

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22
Q

Reason why duodenum takes form of a C-shaped loop and rotates to the right side of abd cavity

A

Stomach rotates on AP axis

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23
Q

Dorsal mesoduodenum disappears ENTIRELY EXCEPT IN THE

A

Pylorus of the stomach where duodenal cap retains its mesentery and remains intraperitoneal

That’s why D1 is

24
Q

T or F initially during 3rd month, the lumen of duodenum is obliterated

A

It is true that it is obliterated but not at the 3rd month. 2nd month dapat :)

It eventually recanalizes naman

25
Duodenum is supplied by both
Celiac and SMA
26
Foregut is supplied by A. SMA B. Celiac
B
27
Midgut is supplied by A. SMA B. Celiac
A
28
Failure of duodenum to recanalize after 2 months intrauterine
Duodenal atresia
29
Characteristic of duodenal atresia
(+) Bilus vomiting | Xray: double bubble sign
30
Liver and gall bladder come from A. Proximal midgut B. Distal midgut C. Proximal foregut D. Distal foregut
D
31
Liver and gall bladder are formed from
Liver diverticulum/liver bud
32
Where hematopoietic stem cells, Kupffer cells, CT cells are derived from
Septum Transversum
33
Veins that intermingle with liver cords and hepatic sinusoids
Vitelline and Umbilical veins
34
Connections between these structures forms the bile duct
Liver bud and foregut
35
These arise as ventral outgrowths of the bile duct
GALL BLADDER and its cystic duct
36
Week when bile is created
12
37
Failure of devt of bile ducts Or recanalization after becoming solid due to epithelial proliferation
Biliary atresia *as long as there’s recanalization we’ll be fine
38
Biliary atresia results to
Liver cirrhosis
39
At what age can a baby with liver cirrhosis due to biliary atresia be operated?
2 mos
40
Pnacreas comes from outpouching of the A. Foregut B. Midgut
A
41
Pancreas comes from A. Dorsal pancreatic bud B. Ventral pancreatic bud C. Lateral pancreatic bus
A and B they eventually fuse together
42
Where uncinate process comes from A. Dorsal pancreatic bud B. Ventral pancreatic bud
B.
43
Where head of pancreas comes from A. Dorsal pancreatic bud B. Ventral pancreatic bud
B
44
Where body and tail of pancreas come from? A. Dorsal pancreatic bud B. Ventral pancreatic bud
A
45
Main pancreatic duct of wirsung mainly comes from A. Dorsal pancreatic bud B. Ventral pancreatic bud
B A little bit comes from distal dorsal bud. More of ventral
46
Main pancreatic duct and bile duct enter duodenum at the site of
Major papilla
47
Accessory pancreatic duct comes from A. Proximal Dorsal pancreatic bud B. Proximal Ventral pancreatic bud C. Distal Dorsal Pancreatic bud D. Distal Vental pancreatic gud
A. Proximal dorsal
48
At this month, islet of langerhans develop
3. Isl3t of lang3rhans
49
Islet of langerhans come from
parenchymatous tissue
50
At this month, insulin secretion begins
5 In5ulin 5ecretion
51
Where glucagon and somatostatin comes from
Parenchyma cells (like islet of langerhans)
52
This forms pancreatic CT
Visceral mesoderm surrounding the buds
53
Abnormal fusion of the ventral and dorsal pancreatic buds
Annular pancreas
54
Annular pancreas is characterized by
Obstruction
55
What happens in annular pancreas
Right part migrates NORMALLY left part migrates in opposite direction —> encircles duodenum

Embryology (4 decks)

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