Upper Limb Flashcards
(32 cards)
Name the spinal nerves that make up the brachial plexus.
C5-T1
What is the axillary vein a continuation of and when does it become the axillary vein?
The brachial vein.
At the lower border of the teres major muscle.
When does the subclavian artery become the axillary artery?
At the lateral border of the first rib.
What are the named nerves of the brachial plexus?
Musculocutaneous, Axillary and Radial nerve, Ulnar nerve, Median nerve.
What does the posterior (spinal) part of the deltoid muscle do?
Allows extension at the shoulder
What does the middle (acromial) part of the deltoid muscle do?
Allows abduction at the shoulder.
What does the anterior (clavicular) part of the detloid muscle do?
Allows flexion at the shoulder.
What are the different roles of the trapezius?
Elevates, depresses and retracts the scapula.
What are the roles of the levator scapulae?
Elevates the scapula and inferiorly rotates the glenoid fossa.
Name the rotator cuff muscles.
Supraspinatus, infraspinatus, teres minor, subscapularis.
Where does the nerve supply of these muscles arise?
From the branches of the brachial plexus.
What is ‘painful arc syndrome’?
Impingement of the supraspinatus tendon between the humerus and the acromion process.
Which nerve supplies the deltoid and teres minor?
The axillary nerve
Which muscle is the only muscle of the posterior compartment of the arm?
Tricpes Brachii
Which nerve supplies Triceps Brachii?
The radial nerve
What is the “badge patch”?
The area of skin innervated by the axillary nerve.
How can the function of the axillary nerve be tested?
By asking the patient to abduct the upper limb beyonf 15 degrees.
Name the extrinsic muscles of the shoulder.
Deltoid, trapezium, pectoralis major, latissimus dorsi.
Which nerve is the flexor digitorum superficialis innervated by?
Median nerve
Which nerve is the flexor digitorum profundus innervated by?
Medial half of the ulnar nerve and lateral half of the anterior interosseous nerve.
Which nerve is the flexor pollicis longus innervated by?
Anterior interosseous nerve
Name the contents of the carpal tunnel.
Flexor digitorum superificialis x 4, flexor digitorum profundus x4, flexor policis longus x1, median nerve.
What is adhesive capsulitis (‘frozen shoulder’)?
A disorder characterised by progressive pain and stiffness of the shoulder in patients between 40 and 60 which usually resvolces after 18-24 months.
Where would you inject intra-articular injections in frozen shoulder cases?
Gleno-humeral joint.
