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upper limb Flashcards

1
Q

describe the brachial plexus’ divisions

A

roots
trunks
divisions
cords
branches

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2
Q

what are the 5 terminal branches of the brachial plexus

A

Musculocutaneous
Axillary
Radial
Median
Ulnar

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3
Q

which nerve is in danger when glenohumeral dislocation

A

axillary

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4
Q

what is acromion process

A

big sticking out bit on scapula; meets with clavicle

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5
Q

what shape is glenohumeral joint

A

ball and socket

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6
Q

what shape is acromioclavicular joint

A

planar

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7
Q

what shape is sternoclavicular joint

A

saddle

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8
Q

what is particular about sternoclavicular jt

A

only place upper limb articulates with axial skeleton

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9
Q

a sternoclavicular dislocation is unusual but what is in danger if it does happen

A

braciocephalic trunk,
vagus
common carotid

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10
Q

why does shoulder drop in clavicle fracture

A

medial part of clavicle pulled up by sternoclediomastoid, humerus rotates inward and down, pulled by pectoralis maj

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11
Q

which of the branches of bracial plexus are anterior to axillary artery

A

MMU

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12
Q

what shape do the branches of braciocephalic trunk which are anterior to axillary artery make

A

letter M

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13
Q

what motor supply does the musculocutaneous nerve give

A

anterior compartment of arm (biceps brachii, brachialis, corobrachialis)

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14
Q

what motor supply does axillary nerve give

A

deltoids, teres min

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15
Q

what motor supply does radial nerve give

A

triceps brachii, posterior compartment of forearm

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16
Q

what motor supply does median nerve give

A

in general, these muscles perform pronation of the forearm, flexion of the wrist and flexion of the digits of the hand. LOAF
lateral 2 lumbricals
opponens pollicis
abductor pollicis
flexor pollicis brevis

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16
Q

what motor supply does median nerve give

A

in general, these muscles perform pronation of the forearm, flexion of the wrist and flexion of the digits of the hand.

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17
Q

what motor supply does median nerve give

A

in general, these muscles perform pronation of the forearm, flexion of the wrist and flexion of the digits of the hand.

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18
Q

what motor supply does median nerve give

A

in general, these muscles perform pronation of the forearm, flexion of the wrist and flexion of the digits of the hand.

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19
Q

what motor function does the ulnar nerve give

A

flexes DIP of 4,5 (lumbricals 4,5)
flexes and adducts the wrist
Interossei
ADDUCTOR POLLICIS

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20
Q

what sensory innovation: musculocutaneous nerve

A

lateral forearm

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21
Q

what sensory innovation:axillary

A

regimental patch

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22
Q

what sensory innovation: radial

A

dorsum hand digits 1,2,3

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23
Q

what sensory innovation: median

A

palmar digits 1,2,3, 1/2 of 4

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24
what sensory innovation: ulnar
1/2 of 4, 5
25
where in the trapezius is there most muscle - what does it do
at the top, elevates scapulae
26
how many directions of fibres in trapezius
3
27
what are the spinou origins of latissimus dorsi?
T7-L5
28
where does teres major insert? what does it do?
bicipital groove, internally rotates humerus
29
what do you get when serratus anterior is fucked
scapular winging
30
where is pectoralis minor
ribs 3-5 - coracoid process
31
is basilic or cephalic vein lateral
cephalic
32
which nerve roots innervate the BBC?
c 567
33
which nerve roots respond in teh biceps reflex
c56
34
re biceps brachii; which head is lateral
**Long** is **Lateral**
35
how is the role of the biceps brachii compromised when forearm is pronated
attached to radius so can't supinate
36
which nerve of the brachial plexus is very hard to injure in isolation
musculocutaneous
37
how many muscles in posterior compt of arm
1
38
which nerve innervates anterior compt of arm
musculocutaneous
39
which nerve innervates posterior compt of arm
radial
40
what is a dangerous when you fracture humerus
radial nerve runs right next to it - nerve damage
41
what is the elbow end of the ulna called
olecranon process
42
describe the path of the radial nerve
posterior in arm, anterior in elbow (lateral epicondyle)
43
describe the path of the ulnar nerve
anterior in arm, posterior in elbow (medial epicondyle - funny bone)
44
what do the sensory fibres of the msk nerve do
lateral forearm
45
describe the path of the median nerve
follows brachial artery through elbow
46
what's the thing that holds the head of the radius in place
anular ligament
47
what's the clinical significance of anular ligament in children
subluxation of radius when holding child by the arm (such as swinging)
48
which are the 2 pronator muscles
pronator teres and pronator quadratus | small and "QT"
49
which is the most powerful supinator muscle
biceps brachii
50
which is the most powerful supinator muscle
biceps brachii
51
where does the biceps attach
radial tuberosity and bicipital aponeurosis
52
what is clinically relevant about the origin of brachioradialis
lateral epicondylitis - tennis elbow
53
what runs in between osteocytes
canaliculi
54
what do osteoblasts do
bone building bois
55
what do osteoblasts secrete
osteoid
56
when does an o. blast become an o.cyte
when entombed in osteoid
57
what is the diaphysis
shaft of long bone
58
what is the procedure with epiphyseal plate, long bone growth
resting chondrocytes proliferation hypertrophy chondrocytes die vascular invasion bone
59
what is the knock-on effect if you fracture a growth plate
reduced bone growth potential
60
what is the bone growth of skull flat bones called
intramembranous ossification
61
when do you find woven bone?
immature, healing, pathological

locomotor (3 decks)

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