Upper Limb Flashcards by Punam Patel

infraspinatus

RTC

origin: infraspinous fossa of scapular
insertion: greater tubercle of humerus
innervation: suprascapular nerve C4-C6
action: external rotation

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teres minor

RTC

origin: lateral border of scapular
inserts: greater tubercle of humerus
innervation: axillary nerve C5 C6
action: external rotation, weak adduction

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subscapularis

RTC

origin: subscapular fossa of scapular
inserts: lesser tubercle of humerus
innervation: subscapular nerve C5 C6
action: internal rotation

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Supraspinatus

rotator cuff muscle

origin: supraspinous fossa of scapula
inserts: greater tuberosity of humerus
innervation: suprascapular nerve C4-C6
action: initiation of abduction

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coracobrachialis

originates at the coracoid process of scapula
inserts in line with crest of lesser tuberosity of humerus
innervation: musculocutaneous C5-C7
action: flexion, adduction, internal rotation

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deltoid clavicular part

origin: lateral one third of clavicle
insert: deltoid tuberosity of humerus
innervation: axillary nerve C5 C6
action: flexion, internal rotation, adduction

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deltoid acromial part

origin: acromion
insert: deltoid tuberosity of humerus
innervation: axillary nerve C5 C6
action: abduction

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deltoid spinal part

origin: scapular spine
insert: lesser tubercle of humerus
innervation: axillary C5 C6
action: extension, external rotation, adduction

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Pectoralis Major (3 parts)

Clavicular part: originates at the medial half of clavicle
Sternocostal part: originates at the sternum and costal cartilages 1-6
Abdominal part: originates anterior layer of rectus sheath

inserts at the crest of the greater tubercle of the humerus
innervation: medial and lateral pectoral nerve C5-T1
actions: adduction, internal rotation
clavicular and sternocostal parts: flexion; assist in respiration when shoulders are fixed

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Subclavius

origin: 1st ribs
inserts: inferior surface of clavicle
innervation: nerve to subclavius C5 C6
action: steadies the clavicle in the sternoclavicular joint

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pectoralis minor

origin: 3rd to 5th ribs
insert: coracoid process
innervation: medical pectoral nerve C8-T1
action: draws scapula downwardly, causing inderior angle to move posteromedially; rotates glenoid inferiorly; assits in respiration

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Serratus Anterior

origin: 1st to 9th ribs
inserts: medial border of scapula
innervation: long thoracic nerve C5-C7
action: superior part- lowers the raised arm
intermediate part- entire msucles—draws scapula laterally forward; elevate ribs when shoulder is fixed
inferior part: rotates scapula laterally

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teres major

origin: inferior angle of scapula
insert: crest of lesser tubercle of the humerus
innervation: lower subscapular nerve C5-C7
action: internal rotation, adduction, extension

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biceps

long head: origin- supraglenoid tubercle of scapula
short head: origin- coracoid process of scapula

insert: radial tuberosity
innervation: musculocutaneous nerve C5 C6
action at elbow joint: flexion and supination
shoulder joint: flexion, stabalization of humeral head during deltoid contractionl abduction and interal rotation of the humerus

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Brachialis

origin: distal half of anterior surface
insert: ulnar tuberosity
innervation: musculocutaneous nerve C5-C6 and radial nerve C7 minor
action: flexion at elbow joint

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Triceps brachii (3 parts)

long head: originates infraglenoid tubercle of scapula
medial head: originates posterior humerus, inferior to radial groove, medial intermuscular septum
lateral head: posterior humerus, proximal to radial groove; lateral intermuscular septum

all insert: olecranon of ulna
innervation: radial nerve C6-C8
action: at elbow- extension
at shoulder joint: long head- extension and adduction

anconeus

origin: lateral epicondyle of humerus (variance; posterior joint capsule)
insert: radial surface on olecranon of ulna
inneration: radial nerve C6-C8
action: extends elbow and tightens its joint

What muscles are innervated by the axillary nerve

detloid, teres minor

what muscles are innervated by the musculocutaneous nerve C5 C6 and musculocutaneous C5-C7

biceps brachii
brachialis

and choracobrachialis

Pronator Teres

Origin- humeral head: medial epicondyle of humerus
Ulnar head: coronoid process
insertion: lateral radius
innervation: medial nerve C6-C7
action: weak elbow flexor, forearm pronation

Flexor carpi radialis

origin: medical epicondyle of humerus
insertion: base of 2nd metacarpal
innervation: medial nerve C7-C8
action: wrist flexion and hand abduction (radial deviation)

Palmaris longus

origin: medial epicondyle
insertion: palmar aponeurosis
innervation: medial nerve C7-C8

flexor carpi ulnaris

origin: humeral head: medial epicondyle
ulnar head: olecranon
insertion: pisiform, hook of hamate, base of 5th metacarpal
innervation: ulnar nerve C-T1
action: wrist flexion and hand adduction (ulnar deviation)

flexor digitorum superficialis

origin- ulnar head: medial epicondyle of humerus
radial head: upper half of anterior border of radius
insertion: sides of middle phalanges of 2nd-5th digits
innervation: medial nerve C8-T1
action: weak elbow flexion, flexion of wrists, MCP, and PIP joints of 2nd to 5th digits

flexor digitorum profundus

origin: ulnar and interosseous membrane insertion: distal phalanges of 2nd and 5th digits (palmar surface) innervation: medial nerve C8-T1 and ulnar nerve C8-T1 action: flexion of wrist, MCP, PIP, DIP of 2nd to 5th digits

FLexor pollis longus

origin: mid anterior surface of radius and adjacent interosseous membrane insertion: distal phalanx of thumb (palmar surface) innervation: medial nerve C8-T1 action: wrist flexion and abduction of hand, flexion of thumb

pronator quadrates

origin: distal quarter of ulna (anterior surface) insertion: distal quarter of radius (anterior surface) innervation: medial nerve C8-T1 action: pronation of hand, stabalization of radioulnar joint

Brachio radialis

origin: distal humerus, lateral intermuscular septum insertion: styloid process of radius innervation: radial nerve C5-C6 action: elbow flexion, forearm semipronation

Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus

origin: lateral supracondylar ridge of distal humerus, lateral intermuscular septum insertion: 2nd metacarpal base innervation: radial nerve C6-C7 action: weak elbow flexion, wrist extension and abduction

Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis

origin: lateral epicondyle of humerus insertion: 3rd metacarpal base innveration: radial nerve C7-C8 action: weak elbow flexion, wrist extension and abduction

Extensor digitorum

origin: lateral epicondyle of humerus insertion: dorsal digital expansion of 2nd - 5th digits innervation: radial nerve C7-C8 action: wrist extension, extension and abduction of 2nd - 5th digits

Extensor digiti minimi

origin: lateral epicondyle of humerus insertion: dorsal digital expansion of 5th digit innervation: radial nerve C7-C8 action: wrist extension, ulnar deviation (adduction), extension and abduction of 5th digit

Extensor Carpi Ulnaris

origin: lateral epicondyle of humerus, dorsal surface of ulnar head insertion: base of 5th metacarpal innervation: radial nerve C7-C8 action: wrist extension, adduction of hand

Abductor Pollicis Brevis

origin: scaphoid and trapezium insertion: base proximal phlanax of thumb innervation: median nerve action: thumb abduction

flexor pollicis brevis

origin: superficial head- flexor retinaculum deep head: capitate and trapezium insertion: base of proximal phalanx of thumb innervation: superficial head- median nerve deep head- ulnar nerve action: thumb flexion

Abductor Pollicis Longus

origin: dorsal surfaces of radius and ulna insertion: base of 1st metacarpal innervation: radial nerve C7-C8 action: abduction of hand at radiocarpal joint, abduction of thumb

Extensor Pollicis Brevis

origin: posterior surface of radius and interosseous membrane insertion: base of phalanx of thumb innervation: radial nerve C7-C8 action: abduction of hand at radiocarpal joint, extension of thumb

Extensor Pollicis Longus

origin: posterior surface of ulna and interosseous membrane insertion: base of distal phlanx of thumb innervation: radial nerve C7-C8 action: wrist extension and abduction of hand, adduction and extension of thumb

supinator

origin: olecranon, lateral epicondyle of humerus, radial collateral ligament, annular ligament of radius insertion: radius (between radial tuberosity and insertion of pronator teres) innervation: radial nerce C6-C7 action: supination at radioulnar joints