upper limb and neck

Question 1

What are common cervical symptoms

Answer 1

hoarseness, enlarged lymph nodes, enlarged thyroid

Question 2

What are the borders of the anterior neck triangle

Answer 2

superior is the mandible
medial is the midline of the neck
lateral is the sternocleidomastoid m

Question 3

What are the borders of the posterior neck triangle

Answer 3

inferior- clavicle
posterior- trapezius
anterior- sternocleidomastoid

Question 4

Where do most of the cervical lymph nodes drain

Answer 4

deep to sternocleidomastoid

Question 5

If the thyroglossal duct into the neck does not close before birth what may happen

Answer 5

a thyroglossal duct cyst may form

Question 6

What is the first step of the structural neck exam

Answer 6

palpation

Question 7

what are the normal ROM for flex/extend rotation and side bending of the neck

Answer 7

flexion- 45
extension- 85
rotation- 90
side bending- 40

Question 8

what muscles are used in rotation of the neck

Answer 8

trapezius, scalene, sternocleidomastoid, splenius, longissimus, semispinalis, and olbliqus capitis

Question 9

what muscles are used in side bending of the neck

Answer 9

trapezius, scalene, Sternocleidomastoid, splenius longissimus, semispinalis, obliqus, longus and rectus capitis

Question 10

What is spurlings maneuver checking for

Answer 10

cervical foraminal compression test, side bending to affected time

Question 11

What is the distraction test

Answer 11

used to alleviate radicular symptoms to support Dx radiculopathy

Question 12

pain in the neck and numbness in the last 3 fingers and forearm are symptoms of what

Answer 12

thoracic outlet syndrome

Question 13

What is Roos test

Answer 13

tests for thoracic outlet syndrome and what you do is abduct and flex to 90 degrees and open close hands for 3 minutes, if weakness or numbness- positive test

Question 14

What is the Adson’s test

Answer 14

thoracic outlet syndrome
palpate radial pulse then move arm into external rotation and abduction and turn head away if pulse diminishes- positive test

Question 15

What are the rotator cuffs

Answer 15

supraspinatus
infraspinatus
teres minor
subscapularis

Question 16

what is a winged scapula indicative of

Answer 16

long thoracic nerve injury

Question 17

What are the ROM for the shoulder

Answer 17

Abduction- 180
ADduction- 75
Felxion- 180
Extension- 60
External rotation- 90
Internal rotation- 100

Question 18

What is the apley scratch test

Answer 18

touch fingers behind back

Question 19

Action of trapezius

Answer 19

superior-elevation
middle- retraction
inferior- depression

Question 20

Action of levator scapula

Answer 20

elevation

Question 21

action of rhomboids

Answer 21

retraction

Question 22

action of pectoralis

Answer 22

depression

Question 23

action of biceps

Answer 23

flexes humerus

Question 24

action of coracobrachialis

Answer 24

flexes and ADducts the humerus

Question 25

action of latissimus dorsi

Answer 25

extends and medially rotates humerus

Question 26

action of deltoid

Answer 26

anterior- flexes middle- ABducts after 90 posterior- extends

Question 27

action of supraspinatus

Answer 27

ABducts up to 90

Question 28

action of infraspinatus

Answer 28

externally rotates

Question 29

action of subscapularis

Answer 29

internally rotates

Question 30

action of teres minor

Answer 30

externally rotates

Question 31

action of teres major

Answer 31

internally rotates

Question 32

What side do you test first when patient has pain on one side for strength testing

Answer 32

the unaffected side first

Question 33

What is the strength testing scale

Answer 33

``` 0/5 nothing 1/5 twitch without joint movement 2/5 can move without gravity 3/5 can move against gravity 4/5 against gravity and some resistance 5/5 good ```

Question 34

How do you test supraspinatus

Answer 34

patient ABducts against resistance

Question 35

How do you test subscapularis

Answer 35

patient rotates forearm medially against resistance

Question 36

how do you test infraspinatus and teres minor

Answer 36

patien rotates forearm laterally against resistance

Question 37

how do you isolate infraspinatus

Answer 37

hold resistance medially while patient tries to rotate forearm laterally

Question 38

What is the empty can test for

Answer 38

supraspinatus, abduct arms to 90, forward flex to 45 internally rotate to point downward ans add resistance

Question 39

how do you isolate subscapularis

Answer 39

lift off test off back

Question 40

how do you test for AC joint disruption

Answer 40

Crossover test

Question 41

pain inferior to the anterior border of the acromion and referred pain to anterior deltoid insertion on the humerus are symptoms of what

Answer 41

rotator cuff injuries

Question 42

pathology of rotator cuff injuries

Answer 42

acromial spurring, subacromial impingement and bursitis, microtears of supraspinatus or complete tear

Question 43

What is the drop arm test

Answer 43

abduct arm to 90 and ask patient to lower arm, supraspinatus

Question 44

apprehension test

Answer 44

abducted to 90 and externally rotated and have them add resistance and look for pain

Question 45

O'Briens test

Answer 45

flex arm and adduct across chest, internally rotate and push down arm- pain is positive for labral tear

Question 46

Speed's test

Answer 46

flex straight arm to 90 with palm facing upward. resist student pushing down, pain occurs in bicipital groove- biceps tendonitis

Question 47

Hawkin's impingement sign

Answer 47

passively externally rotate shoulder and see if pain is reproduced

Question 48

elbow ROM

Answer 48

extension- 0 degrees flexion- 150 degrees pronation 70 degrees supination- 90 degrees

Question 49

what is nursemaids elbow

Answer 49

radial head dislocation

Question 50

what is posterior elbow

Answer 50

ulnar dislocation

Question 51

What are the nodes called in someone with osteoarthritis of the distal interphalangeal

Answer 51

heberdens

Question 52

what are the nodes called in someone with osteoarthritis of the proximal interphalangeal

Answer 52

bouchards

Question 53

What is tinnel's sign

Answer 53

tap over median n in carpal tunnel using reflex hammer and see if pain is reproduced for carpal tunnel syndrome

Question 54

What is a colles fracture

Answer 54

when you fracture distal radius usually by falling on outstreched hand and broken piece moves posteriorly

Question 55

What is dupuytren's contracture

Answer 55

inflammation, thickening and contracture of the palmar fascia most commonly in 4th and 5th digits

Question 56

what is a trigger finger

Answer 56

inflammation of the flexor digitorum tendon sheath which becomes trapped under retinaculum

Question 57

What is a good test for carpometacarpal osteoarthritis

Answer 57

grind test

Question 58

how do you test for tenosynovitis of the externesor pollicis brevis and Abductor pollicis longus

Answer 58

put patients thumb in fist and gently ulnar deviate, finkelsteins test