Upper respiratory tract and chest

Question 1

What features are found as part of the upper respiratory tract?

Answer 1

External nose, nasal cavity, pharynx and associated structures

Question 2

What features are found as part of the lower respiratory tract?

Answer 2

Larynx, bronchi and lungs

Question 3

What features are found as part of the conducting zone?

Answer 3

nose, nasal cavity, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, bronchioles and terminal bronchioles.

Question 4

What is the function of the conducting zone?

Answer 4

to warm, filter and moisten air before directing it to the lungs

Question 5

What is the function of the respiratory zone?

Answer 5

gas exchange

Question 6

What features are found in the respiratory zone?

Answer 6

respiratory bronchioles, alveolar ducts, alveolar sacs and alveoli.

Question 7

What is the external portion of the nose made from?

Answer 7

nasal bone, connective tissue, adipose tissue and cartilage (alar, lateral and septal)

Question 8

Which cartilaginous membrane separates the left and right boundaries of a bisected head (sagittal plane)

Answer 8

Nasal septum

Question 9

At what boundary does the nasal cavity end and the nasopharynx begin?

Answer 9

Posterior border of nasal septum

Question 10

What structure forms the floor of the nasal cavity?

Answer 10

Hard palate (palatine bone and palatine process of maxilla bone)

Question 11

What is the name of the bone immediately superior to the roof of the nasal cavity?

Answer 11

Frontal bone

Question 12

What is the name given to the passages between the conchae?

Answer 12

Meatus

Question 13

What is the function of the conchae?

Answer 13

moistens, softens and filters air. modifies speech vibrations. forms turbulence in inspired air.

Question 14

Which ducts open into the nasal cavity?

Answer 14

parasinasal sinuses and nasolacrimal ducts

Question 15

Which bone form the roof of the nasal cavity?

Answer 15

ethmoid bone

Question 16

What sinuses can be found in the bisected head?

Answer 16

spenoidal sinus and frontal sinus

Question 17

What are the 3 purposes of sinuses?

Answer 17

• protection against facial trauma

- floatation of skull

Question 18

What is the purpose of the nasolacrimal duct?

Answer 18

carries tears from lacrimal sac into nasal cavity

Question 19

What happens if the nasolacrimal duct becomes blocked?

Answer 19

overflow of tears

Question 20

What are the names of the three sections of the pharynx?

Answer 20

nasopharynx, oropharynx, laryngopharynx

Question 21

What separates the oropharynx from the nasopharynx?

Answer 21

soft palate

Question 22

What separates the oropharynx from the laryngopharynx?

Answer 22

hyoid bone/epiglottis

Question 23

What structures are connected to the pharynx by the auditory tube?

Answer 23

eustachian tube

Question 24

What is the purpose of the eustachian tube?

Answer 24

Drain mucus. Links nasopharynx to middle ear.

Question 25

Where does the eustachian wall extend to?

Answer 25

Extends from anterior wall of middle ear to lateral wall of nasopharynx.

Question 26

What are the names of the tonsils that can be seen on the bisected head?

Answer 26

Pharangeal, linguinal, palatine and tubal

Question 27

Where are the pharyngeal tonsils found?

Answer 27

Roof of pharynx

Question 28

Where are the tubal tonsils found?

Answer 28

Roof of pharynx

Question 29

Where are the palatine tonsils found?

Answer 29

Under the soft palate

Question 30

Where are the linguinal tonsils found?

Answer 30

Under the epiglottis

Question 31

Where does the laryngopharynx end?

Answer 31

The oesophagus

Question 32

Where does the larynx start?

Answer 32

Epiglottis

Question 33

What structures close during swallowing? (inferior and superior)

Answer 33

``` superior = soft palate inferior = epiglottis ```