Upperlimb

Question 1

Brachialis

Answer 1

Origin:
Lower half of anterior surface of humerus

Insertion
On anterior surface of coronoid process of ulna including ulnar tuberosity.

Nerve
Mostly musculocutaneous nerve and also by radial nerve in lateral

Action
Flexion of forearm in all positions

Question 2

Biceps brachii

Answer 2

Origin
Long head: from supraglenoid tubercle of scapula
Short head:from Coracoid process of scapula.

Insertion
Both head join to form a belly and the tendon attached to posterior part of radial tuberosity.

Nerve
Musculocutaneous nerve.

Action
Supination of forearm when elbow is flexed
Flexion of forearm when elbow is extended

Question 3

Parts of deltoid

Answer 3

Anterior unipinnate part
Posterior unipinnate part
Middle multipinnate part

Question 4

Origin of deltoid

Answer 4

Anterior part: upper and anterior border of lateral 1/3rd of clavicle
Middle part: Lateral margin of acromion
Posterior part: lower lip of crest of spine of scapula

Question 5

Insertion of deltoid

Answer 5

Deltoid tuberosity of humerus

Question 6

Nerve supply of deltoid

Answer 6

Axillary nerve

Question 7

Root value of axillary nerve

Answer 7

C5 and C6

Question 8

Action of deltoid

Answer 8

Anterior unipinnate: Flexion and medial rotation
Posterior unipinnate: extension and lateral rotation
Middle(acromial fibre): abduction of arm from 15 to 90

Question 9

Intramuscular injection in the deltoid

Answer 9

It should be given in the lateral aspect of deltoid 2.5-5 cm below acromion process to avoid injury to axillary nerve.

Question 10

Anconeus

Answer 10

Origin
From the back of lateral epicondyle by a separate tendon other than common extensor tendon

Insertion
Lateral side of olecranon process and upper fourth of posterior surface of ulna

Nerve
Nerve to anconeus

Action
Weak extensor of elbow joint

Question 11

Origin of triceps brachii

Answer 11

Long head: infraglenoid tubercle
Lateral head: Above spiral groove in the posterior part of shaft of humerus.
Medial head: below spiral groove in the posterior part of shaft of humerus.

Question 12

Insertion of triceps

Answer 12

Posterior part of superior surface of olecranon process of ulna

Question 13

Nerve supply of triceps

Answer 13

Radial nerve
Nerve to long head arises from radial nerve in axilla
Nerve to lateral head arises from radial nerve in radial groove
Nerve to medial head arises from radial nerve in radial groove through nerve to anconeus

Question 14

Action of triceps

Answer 14

Powerful extensor of elbow joint

Question 15

Injury to radial nerve in radial groove

Answer 15

Extension of elbow and triceps reflex not completely lost because nerve to long head arises from radial nerve in axilla.

Question 16

Supinator

Answer 16

Origin
Supinator crest of ulna

Insertion
Upper 1/3rd of lateral surface of radius

Nerve
Radial nerve and posterior interosseus nerve

Action
Supination of forearm

Question 17

Serattus anterior

Answer 17

Origin
A series of eight digitations
First digitation arise from first and second ribs
All other digitation arise from corresponding ribs

Insertion
Costal surface of scapula along medial border.
First digitation - superior angle
Next two- medial border
Lower five- inferior angle of scapula

Nerve
Long thoracic nerve

Action
Powerful protractor of scapula

Question 18

Winging of scapula

Answer 18

Paralysis of serratus anterior due to injury to long thoracic nerve.

Protraction of scapula for punching is weakened.

Inferior angle and medial border of scapula becomes unduly prominent when the person pushes against the wall. This condition is called winging of scapula.

Question 19

Supraspinatus

Answer 19

Origin
Supraspinatus fossa

Insertion
Superior facet of greater tubercle of humerus

Nerve
Suprascapular nerve

Action
Initiates abduction of arm up to 15

Question 20

Pronator quadratus

Answer 20

Origin
Lower 1/4th of anterior surface of ulna

Insertion
Lower 1/4th of anterior surface of radius

Nerve
Anterior interosseous nerve

Action
Chief pronator of forearm

Question 21

Course of cephalic vein

Answer 21

It starts from lateral part of dorsal venous arch of hand.
It crosses the roof of anatomical snuff box.
Passes upward through radial part of forearm.
passes lateral border of biceps brachii.
Finally pierces the deep fascia exactly at the lower border of pectoralis major.
It passes through the deltopectoral groove till infraclavicular fossa.
It the pierces clavipectoral fascia and drains to first part of axillary vein to form subclavian vein.

Question 22

How blood from cephalic vein reach basilic vein

Answer 22

A large amount of blood is shunted to basilic vein through median cubical vein.

Question 23

Cephalic vein is accompanied by

Answer 23

Lateral cutaneous nerve of forearm

Question 24

Speciality of cephalic vein

Answer 24

It is known as preaxial vein of upper limb and corresponds to great saphenous vein of lower limb

Question 25

Course of basilic vein

Answer 25

Starts at medial border of dorsal venous arch. Passes through back of medial part and then enters the anterior part of forearm and moves above through medial border of biceps. It pierces the deep fascia and opens to brachial veins to become continuous with axillary vein at lower border of trees major.

Question 26

Which nerve is preferred for cardiac catheterisation

Answer 26

Basilic vein

Question 27

Origin of palmaris longus

Answer 27

Medial epicondyle of humerus by common flexor origin

Question 28

Insertion of palmaris longus

Answer 28

It passes superficial to flexor retinaculum and terminates in palmar aponeurosis

Question 29

Nerve of Palmaris longus

Answer 29

Median nerve

Question 30

Action of palmaris longus

Answer 30

It flexes wrist and makes palmar aponeurosis tense

Question 31

Where is palmar interissei attached

Answer 31

Metacarpal bones

Question 32

Palmar interossei helps in

Answer 32

Adduction of fingers

Question 33

Palmar interossei uni or bipinnate

Answer 33

Unipinnate

Question 34

Origin and insertion of first palmar interossei

Answer 34

Origin Medial aspect of first metacarpal Insertion Medial aspect of proximal phalanx of thumb and dorsal digital expansion

Question 35

2nd palmar interossei

Answer 35

Origin Medial aspect of 2nd metacarpal Insertion Medial part of proximal phalanx and dorsal digital expansion

Question 36

3rd palmar interossei

Answer 36

Origin Lateral aspect of fourth metacarpal Insertion Proximal phalanx and dorsal digital expansion of ring finger

Question 37

4th palmar interossei

Answer 37

Origin Lateral aspect of 5th metacarpal Insertion Proximal phalanx and dorsal expansion of little fingers

Question 38

Additional muscle which helps to adductor the thumb

Answer 38

Adductor pollicis It has oblique head which arises from second and third metacarpal And transverse head which arises from third metacarpal.

Question 39

Nerve supply of palmar interossei

Answer 39

Deep branch of ulnar nerve

Question 40

All dorsal interossei are uni or bipinnate

Answer 40

Bipinnate

Question 41

Dorsal interossei helps in

Answer 41

Abduction

Question 42

Dorsal interossei helps in

Answer 42

Abduction

Question 43

Dorsal interossei helps in

Answer 43

Abduction

Question 44

1st dorsal interossei

Answer 44

Origin Adjacent sides of first and second metacarpal Insertion Lateral side of proximal phalanx and dorsal digital expansion of index finger

Question 45

2nd interossei

Answer 45

Origin From adjacent side of 2nd and 3rd metacarpal Insertion Lateral aspect of proximal phalanx and dorsal digital expansion of middle finger

Question 46

3rd dorsal interossei

Answer 46

Origin From adjacent sides of 3rd and 4th metacarpal Insertion Medial aspect of proximal phalanx and dorsal digital expansion of middle finger

Question 47

4th dorsal interossei

Answer 47

Origin Adjacent side of 4th and 5th metacarpal Insertion Medial aspect of proximal phalanx and dorsal digital expansion of ring finger

Question 48

Origin of lumbricals

Answer 48

Lumbricals 1 and 2 Unipinnate Lateral side of lateral two tendons of fdp Lumbricals 3 and 4 Bipinnate Adjacent sides of medial 3 tendons of fdp

Question 49

Insertion of lumbricals

Answer 49

The tendon cross metacarpophalangeal joint and attach to lateral part of dorsal digital expansion of corresponding digits from 2 to 5

Question 50

Nerve supply of lumbricals

Answer 50

First 2 lumbricals is by median nerve 3 and 4 lumbricals by deep branch of ulnar nerve

Question 51

Anatomical snuff box

Answer 51

Posterolateraly Tendon of abductor pollicis longus Tendon of extensor pollicis brevis Posteromedially Tendon of extensor pollicis longus Floor: scaphoid and trapezium Roof: skin and superficial fascia Content: Radial artery Pulsation of radial artery can be felt in snuff box

Question 52

Boundaries of cubital fossa

Answer 52

Laterally Medial boundary of brachioradialis Medially Lateral boundary of pronator trees Base Imaginary line joining the epicondyle of humerus Apex Meeting point Floor Brachialis above and Supinator below Roof Deep fascia and bacipital aponeurosis in the medial side

Question 53

Contents of cubital fossa

Answer 53

MBBS From medial to lateral Median nerve Brachial artery Tendon of biceps brachii Superficial branch of radial nerve

Question 54

Applied aspect of cubital fossa

Answer 54

Median cubital vein for IV and blood samples Brachial pulse

Question 55

Root value of musculocutaneous nerve

Answer 55

C5 C6 C7

Question 56

Musculocutaneous nerve continues as

Answer 56

Lateral cutaneous nerve of forearm

Question 57

Musculocutaneous nerve continues as

Answer 57

Lateral cutaneous nerve of forearm

Question 58

Musculocutaneous nerve continues as

Answer 58

Lateral cutaneous nerve of forearm

Question 59

Origin of axillary artery

Answer 59

Outer part of first rib as a continuation of subclavian artery

Question 60

Origin of axillary artery

Answer 60

Outer part of first rib as a continuation of subclavian artery

Question 61

Origin of axillary artery

Answer 61

Outer part of first rib as a continuation of subclavian artery

Question 62

Termination of axillary artery

Answer 62

By becoming brachial artery at lower border of there major

Question 63

Termination of axillary artery

Answer 63

By becoming brachial artery at lower border of there major

Question 64

How is axilary artery divided

Answer 64

Into 3 parts by pectoralis minor First part superior to muscle Second part posterior to muscle Third part inferior to muscle First part : superior thoracic artery Second part: lateral thoracic artery and thoracic acromial artery Third part: subscapular anterior and posterior circumflex numeral.