urban issues and challenges Flashcards
what is urbanisation?
an increase in the amount of people living in urban areas such as towns and cities
what is sustainable urban living?
being able to live in cities in ways that do not pollute the environment and using resources in ways that ensure future generations can also use them
where is urbanisation happening?
all over the world but the lics and nees rates are much faster than the hics
why is urbanisation happening mostly in the lics and nees?
because of its rapid economic growth, they are experiencing
name four push factors
natural disasters, war and conflict, droughts and lack of employment
name four pull factors
more jobs, better education and health care and increase quality of life
define a megacity
an urban area with over 10 million people living there
where are megacities mostly located?
more than two-thirds of current megacities are located and ever nees or lics
what is water conservation about?
reducing the amount of water used
what is energy conservation about?
using fewer fossil fuels can reduce the rate of climate change
name three ways of water conservation
collecting rainwater for gardens and flushing toilets,
installing water metres and toilets that flush less water, and educating people on using less water
name three ways to conserve energy
promoting renewable energy sources, making homes more energy-efficient, and encouraging people to use energy
name four ways to live sustainably
water conservation, energy conservation, creating green space and Waste Recycling
name some positives of creating green spaces
encourages people’s exercise and reduces the risk of flooding from surface runoff
give an environmental problem of traffic management
traffic increases pollution which releases greenhouse gases that is leading to climate change
give an economic problem of traffic management
congestion can make people late for work and businesses deliveries take longer this can cause companies to lose money
give a social problem of traffic management
there is a greater risk of Accidents and congestion and is a cause of frustration and also lead to health issues for pedestrians
give 4 congestion Solutions
widen roads to allow more traffic to flow easily, introduce Park and Ride schemes to reduce car use, having public transport cycle lanes and cycle hire schemes, having congestion charges discourages drivers from entering the busy city centres
why and what is Crossrail in London?
It is to encourage more use of public transport, cycle lanes and Boris Bikers to discourage car use and there are hide parking fees
what is a greenbelt area?
a Zone of land surrounding a city where new building is strictly controlled to try to prevent City’s growing too much and too fast
what is urban regeneration?
the Investment in the revival of old urban areas by Eva and moving what is there or clearing it away and rebuilding
give 5 sustainable strategies
cycle routes, electric car share scheme, houses face south to reduce heating costs and using recycled or reclaimed building materials
what is integrated Transport systems?
it is the linking of different forms of public and private transport within a city and the surrounding area
what is a Brownfield site?
Brownfield sites are an area of land or premises that have been previously used but has subsequently become vacant derelict or contaminated
