Urban Issues And Challenges

Question 1

What is rural to urban migration?

Answer 1

The movement of people from the countryside to cities

Question 2

What are push factors?

Answer 2

They encourage people to leave an area

Question 3

What are pull factors?

Answer 3

They encourage people to move to an area

Question 4

What are examples of push factors?

Answer 4

Natural disasters
Fewer jobs
Desertification

Question 5

What are examples of pull factors?

Answer 5

More jobs and better pay
Better health care and education
Better quality of life

Question 6

What are megacities?

Answer 6

Urban areas with more than 10 million residents

Question 7

What is urbanisation?

Answer 7

The growth in the proportion of people living in urban areas

Question 8

What is relief?

Answer 8

Change in the height of the land

Question 9

What are the 4 zones of cities?

Answer 9

Cbd, inner city, suburbs and rural urban fringe

Question 10

What is the CBD?

Answer 10

The central business district is usually in the middle of a city.

Question 11

What is found in a CBD?

Answer 11

Most amenities and services are found here

Question 12

How do you identify a CBD on a map?

Answer 12

The CBD is often surrounded by a ring road

Question 13

What is the inner city?

Answer 13

The inner city often has a mix of land uses and is just outside the CBD

Question 14

What is in the inner city?

Answer 14

Mainly residential but with some business and recreational parks
They have a lot of short and parallel roads
They have terraced housing

Question 15

Where are the suburbs found?

Answer 15

Towards the edge of the city

Question 16

What are in the suburbs?

Answer 16

They are mainly residential areas with semi detached houses

Question 17

How do you spot the suburbs on a map?

Answer 17

Look out for short curved streets and cul de sacs

Question 18

What is the rural urban fringe?

Answer 18

It’s on the edge of the city
It has farmland and open spaces and new housing developments as well as large retail and business parks

Question 19

How can you spot a rural urban fringe on a map?

Answer 19

It’s a mixture of white space and built up areas

Question 20

What opportunities can urban change bring?

Answer 20

Urban greening
Cultural mixing
Entertainment
Employment
Integrated transport systems

Question 21

What challenges are caused by urban change?

Answer 21

Dereliction
Building on brownfield and greenfield sites
Waste disposal
Urban deprivation
Housing inequality
Education and employment inequality

Question 22

What is urban greening?

Answer 22

Trying to develop and preserve open spaces such as public parks and gardens

Question 23

What is cultural mixing ?

Answer 23

Ethnic diversity has brought a range of foods, festivals and cultural experiences to the city attracting lots of peopel

Question 24

What are integrated transport systems?

Answer 24

They encourage people to use public transport

Question 25

What is dereliction?

Answer 25

As wealthier people left the city buildings were left abandoned and these were vandalised

Question 26

What is building on brownfield and greenfield sites?

Answer 26

As a city grows more people move to the suburbs so there is more pressure to build on greenfield sites and this destroys habitats

Question 27

What is building on brownfield and greenfield sites?

Answer 27

Building on brownfield sites is better for the environment but the land needs clearing and decontaminating first

Question 28

What is waste disposal?

Answer 28

More people are producing waste but there is less place to store it

Question 29

What is housing inequality?

Answer 29

Old housing is being cleared and replaced with modern housing but it is often too expensive for former residents forcing them to leave

Question 30

What is education and employment?

Answer 30

Many children in deprived areas leave school without basic qualifications leading to low incomes and high unemployment