Urban Issues and Challenges Flashcards
(23 cards)
Birth rate
The number of live births per 1000 people
Death rate
The number of deaths per 1000 people
High income country
Countries that are more economically developed
Low income countries
Countries that are less economically developed
Life expectancy
The average lifespan of an individual
Megacities
Cities with a population of over 10 million
Migration
The movement of people
Natural decrease
When death rate exceeds birth rate
Natural increase
When birth rate exceeds death rate
Newly emerging economy
Countries that are beginning to develop rapidly
Pull factors
Attract people to a country
Push factors
Repel people from their country
Urbanisation
The increase of the proportion of people living in urban areas
Formal economy
The part of the economy that the government is aware of, monitors and taxes
Informal settlements/Shanty towns
Construction that did not have permission from the government
Pollution
The introduction of harmful material into the environment
Squatter settlements
Where people have no legal proof of ownership
Urban planning
The usage of space to encourage development
Dereliction
When buuldings become unused and no longer maintained
Brownfield site
Contruction sites in the industrial city centre
Rural-urban fringe
The area between the urban and the rural
Urban greening
The usage of green space in infrastructure
Urban regeneration
Investing into derelict sites
