Urban Issues And Challenges Flashcards
(20 cards)
What is urbanisation?
An increase in the amount of people living in urban areas such as town or cities.
Where is urbanisation happening?
Everywhere however LIC’s and NEE’s rates are much faster
What are one of the causes of urbanisation?
Rural to urban migration
What is rural to urban migration?
The movement of people from rural to urban areas
What are some of the push factors for urban migration?
- natural disasters
- war and conflict
- mechanism
- drought
- lack of employment
What are some of the pull factors for urban migration?
- more jobs
- better education and healthcare
- increased quality of life
- following family members
What is natural increase?
When the birth rate exceeds the death rate
What increases birth rate?
Lack of contraception or family education
What causes a lower death rate?
Higher life expectancy due to better living conditions and diet
Improved medical facilities
What is a mega city?
An urban area with over 10 million people living there
Give an example of a mega city
London
How do you reduce water conservation?
Collections rainwater for gardens and flushing toilets
Installing water meters and toilets that flush less water
Education on using less water
How do you reduce energy conservation?
Promoting renewable energy sources
Making homes more energy efficient
Encouraging people to use energy
Name some sustainable strategies
Rainwater is collected and recycled
Cycle routes
Electric car share scheme
Houses face south to reduce heating costs
Reclaimed building materials
What is integrated transport systems?
The linking of different forms of public and private transport within a city and the surrounding area
What is a brownfield site?
An area of land or premises that had been previously used, but has subsequently become vacant,derelict or contaminated
Name some congestion solutions
Widen roads to allow more traffic to flow easily
Build ring roads and bypasses to keep through traffic out of city centres
Introduce park and ride schemes to reduce car use
Give a traffic management example
London- congestion charging scheme
What is a green belt area?
A zone of land surrounding a city where new building is strictly controlled to try prevent cities growing too much and too fast
What is urban regeneration?
The investment in the revival of old, urban areas either by improving what is there or clearing it away or rebuilding
