Urban issues and challenges Flashcards
What is the name of the squatter settlement in Lagos?
Makoko
What is the percentage of people in Lagos who live in slums?
66%
How many people are estimated to live in Makoko?
85,000 to 250,000
What are some characteristics of squatter settlements?
- Overcrowded, noisy and smelly
- Houses are made from informal materials
- Lack of sanitation, clean drinking water and open sewers
- Pollution and disease are common
- Thousands of people work in the informal job sector
What percentage of people use pit latrines in Lagos?
55%
What percentage of the Lagos population have no access to a toilet?
2%
What percentage of people get their water from wells or boreholes in Lagos?
55%
How do the sanitation systems cause problems in Lagos?
- Increased illnesses cause a strain on healthcare
- The government have to invest in healthcare more
What’s an example of Urban planning in Lagos?
The Makoko floating school
When was the Makoko floating school built?
2014
How many students can the classroom fit?
60 students
How will the Makoko floating school improve Lagos?
- Gives children in squatter settlements education
- Means they can get better jobs when they are older
- Means they will get paid more when they’re older
- Positive multiplier effect
- The school helps communities to withstand the impact of rising sea levels as a result of climate change
What happened to the docks in the 1960s in London?
They closed, meaning thousands of people lost their jobs. People moved to find jobs elsewhere.
What happened between 1981 and 1998 in London?
The London Docklands went under Urban Regeneration
Where is Stratford?
To the North of the London Docklands, in the Lower Lea Valley
Describe the deprivation in Stratford
- Lack of infrastructure
- Environment quality was poor
- Unemployment was high
When was the London Olympics?
2012
Why were the London Olympic bid successful?
- Stratford would be used for the games
- It would be Regenerated for the locals after the competitors left
What social effects did regeneration bring to Stratford?
- more than 10,000 new home will have been built
- New academy for 2,000 pupils between the ages 3 to 18
- Estimated that over 20,000 jobs could be created by 2030
What economic effects did regeneration bring to Stratford?
- New jobs in construction and tourism have created the multiplier effect
- Over 20,000 jobs could be created by 2030, bringing more than £5 billion into the area
What environmental effects did regeneration bring to Stratford?
- The park is very sustainable
- Has lots of cycling and walking routes
- Public transport provided
- Water efficient design of homes
- Protection of green spaces and natural habitats
Why are green spaces important in urban environments?
- Increases biodiversity
- Reduces Carbon Dioxide emissions
- Encourages people to exercise
How can urban areas become more sustainable?
Encourage:
- Water conservation
- Energy conservation
- Waste recycling
- Creating green spaces
What schemes have London adapted to try and reduce traffic congestion?
- London Underground
- Oyster Cards
- Congestion Charging Zone
- Bike sharing scheme
