Urbanisation Flashcards
(25 cards)
Urbanisation
The rising percentage of people living in urban areas compared to rural
What percent do cities contribute to green house emissions
70%
Where is the highest rate of urbanisation expected
Africa and Asia. Boost econnemy land could fall into disrepair
By 2050 what percent of the worlds population is expected to live in urban areas
70%
What are the negative points to urbanisation
Less people will farm land, it will fall into disrepair. Land will be developed impacting local Eco systems. More unstanable recorded will be harvested for construction.
What is the settlement hierarchy
Isolated dwelling or farm Hamlet Village Small town Large town City Conurbation Megalopolis
What is a megacity
A metropolitan area with a total population in excess of 10 million.
Can be a single metropolitan area or two or more metropolitan areas that converge.
Conurbation, metropolis, metroplex
Why do mega cities grow
Grow due to natural increase. Birth rates are higher than death rates. Can be effected by money newtrition healthcare housing better quality of life
City growth =
Natural increase + net migration
Natural increase =
When the birthdate is higher than the death rate
Net migration =
When people migrate to a certain area
Africa
Worlds least urbanised continent yet has the highest rate of urbanisation
More people living in the country side results in a biger supply of people to move to urban areas.
1.1 billion population
40% live in cities
Push factors
Location Bad facilities Small econnemy Poverty Lack of education Lack of jobs Unsafe environment Prone to natural disasters Lack of or bad quality housing
Pull factors
Growing economy Safe Education system Health care Facilities Nice climate Stable jobs High employment rate Social + family connections Housing
1955 urban rural distribution
Most urban areas are on coastlines all but one major cities are above the equator major cities are located in North America Europe and Asia
1975 urban rural distribution
Cities are growing and expanding in North and South America more people are moving to urban areas Africa and India East Russia and Japan have rapidly growing into urban zones over all the world population has grown significantly
1995 urban distribution
Asia is the most rapidly urbanising continent Africa and the Middle East of struggling to urbanise due to conflict more urbanisation is occurring in land India’s population is rapidly increasing. City growth is slower than before more urban areas are being made, The collapse of the Soviet union has slowed growth in Russia.
2015
Rapid global urbanisation there are now lots more urban zones around the equator than in 1955 the world population is significantly bigger Asia has the busiest growth was Africa is the fastest growing the Asian economy is growing Russia and Australia in comparison i’m not urbanising this may be due to the harsh climates
What makes a world city ?
Financial services Multinational companies headquarters Financial headquarters Manufacturing centres Decision making power on a global level Centre of media and communication Dominance of the national region High employment in the services and information sector Educational institutions Multifunctional intrastructure
What are the urban functions
Market Employment Administration Defence Entertainment Religion Transport hub Residential Culture
Informal employment
A part of the economy that is neither taxed registered your monitored by any form of government for example self-employment activities or not included in the GDP
Under employment
When workers job does not utilise their skills for example a doctor working in the shop
Suburbanisation
The process by which suburbs grow as cities expand outwards
Counter urbanisation
The movement of people out of cities into the countryside and smaller towns
