Urbanisation Flashcards
(20 cards)
Urbanisation
A process where an increasing proportion of the population lives in towns and cities resulting in their growth.
Push factors
Dirty water No jobs War Lack of food Natural disasters
Pull factors
Eduction
Food
Clean water
Job opportunities
Economic migrant
Come to a country for money and benefits
Name 5 reasons for the growth of urban areas?
A lack of employment opportunities in the countryside
Overpopulation and poor crop yields are all push factors
Better paid jobs in the cities and expected higher standard of living and more reliable food are all pull factors
People who migrate to towns and cities tend to be young and so have higher birth rates in that age range
Better medical conditions compared to the countryside mean more successful births and a better life expectancy
What’s percentage is Asia’s urban population expectante to grow to by 2050
About 64%
Sustainability stool concept
Economic leg:
Environmental leg:
Social leg:
Good jobs, fair wages, security, infrastructure and fair trade
0 pollution and waste, renewable energy,conservation and restoration
Vision Mumbai
4 plans
Demolish slums and provide cheaper housing
Improve water sanitation and health care
Improve rail, bus and road transport
Boost economic growth
What 5 quick targets was Vision Mumbai based on?
Restore 325 green spaces that were polluted and used for dumping waste
Build 300 extra public toilets
Dharavi slum would be demolished. It’s location next to Mumbai’s financial district made it worth $10 billions developers would buy land at a discount and redevelop it
High rise blocks for slum dwellers would be built next to shopping malls, offices and luxury apartments.
Benefits of Mumbai’s vision
By 2007, 200,000 people were moved and 45000 homes demolished in Dharavi. New flats replaced slums
Piped water and serrage systems were established for new flats
By 2015 72 new trains were introduced on Mumbai’s railways. Plat forms were raised to prevent people falling into the gaps between trains and platforms
In 2015 new measures were introduced to improve air quality
Costs of Mumbai’s vision
Many prefer slum improvement eg piped water, sewerage treatment) to demolition
New 14-storey apartment blocks have split communities.
Rents cost more than in the slums
Small workshops would have to move or go out of business, affecting Mumbai’s recycling industry
Many residents believe that bison Mumbai benefits only the rich and powerful
Push factors affecting Mumbai’s population growth
Difficult rural confusions making it harder to make a living from farming. Population increase as meant lower farming wages
There are des services in rural India- education and health care is often basic, there are few leisure or entêtai ment facilities.
New farming techniques in India have meant fewer jobs in farming
Pull factors affecting Mumbai’s population growth
Mumbai’s rapid economic growth has created a huge range of jobs, from the most highly skilled to small scale service jobs and low skilled manual labour
Education opportunities are much better in Mumbai there is a much bigger range of health care options and lots to see and do
Wages in muai are much higher even for low-skilled jobs, than they are in the countryside.
What has Mumbai’s investment been greatest in?
Manufacturing (textiles, food processing and engineering
2. Services (banking,ICT and call centres )
Construction (housing, factories and offices)
What is the oldest part of the city
The peninsula the CBD is located here
What is in the inner suburbs
House workers in the old textile mill area
some base now become characterised by squatter and slum settlement including Mumbai’s largest- Dharavi
Outer suburbs
We’re devolved along Mumbai’s railway line which allowed commuters to travel into the city each day.
Urban rural fringe
National park is full of swamp land and not suitable for development
Connections
India is located in Central Asia.
East west shipping routes are not too far south from India
This shopping route is where much of the oil from the idle East is transported to east Asia. Meaning profits can be made y TNCs involved in this process who is located in India
What does coastal location mean
There are employment opportunities at ports.
