urgent Flashcards
(31 cards)
tx for foreign body aspiration
bronchoscopy
PE foreign body aspiration
hyperresonance to percussion over the affected area of the lung due to air trapping
what should be avoided in patients with placenta previa
Digital vaginal examination
tx asx placenta previa
avoiding any sexual activity
avoiding exercise, heavy lifting, and prolonged periods of standing
Cesarean delivery is performed between 36 weeks to 37 6/7 weeks gestation in women with asymptomatic placenta previa
tx sx placenta previa
admitted to labor and delivery for maternal and fetal monitoring, maintenance of maternal hemodynamic stability, and evaluation of potential emergency cesarean delivery.
when should antenatal steroids be given
before 37 weeks gestation
what should be given for scheduled cesarean deliveries for neuroprotection.
magnesium sulfate
The recommended dose of acetaminophen in children
10 to 15 mg/kg/dose, not to exceed 90 mg/kg/day for more than 1 day.
tx acetaminophen OD
activated charcoal at 1 g/kg
obtain a serum acetaminophen level at least 4 hours after ingestion and then every 1–2 hours afterward to plot the elimination of acetaminophen during treatment
administer N-acetylcysteine to the patient if the serum acetaminophen level indicates toxicity
Orbital cellulitis
infection involving the fat and ocular muscles in the orbit but not the globe
how is orbital cellulitis distinguished from pre septal cellulitis
ophthalmoplegia, pain with eye movements, and proptosis in orbital cellulitis
sx orbital cellulitis
pain, lid erythema, restricted and painful eye movements, decreased visual acuity, afferent pupillary defect, fever, proptosis, and conjunctival chemosis
dx cellulitis
CT scan of the head, including the sinuses
CT findings orbital cellulitis
inflammation of the extraocular muscles, fat stranding, and anterior displacement of the globe
rhino sinusitis almost always
tx orbital celllulitis
vancomycin + cef
if sx of rhinosinusitis - add metronidazole
diagnosis of pulmonary embolism
Computed tomography pulmonary angiography
Virchow triad for pulmonary embolism
venous stasis, vascular injury, and hypercoagulability
sx pulmonary embolism
sudden-onset dyspnea, tachypnea, pleuritic chest pain, cough, hemoptysis, palpitations, tachycardia, leg pain, and Homan sign
what is highly suspicious for pulmonary embolism
Profound hypoxia in the presence of a normal chest X-ray and no history of lung disease
what D dimer level can rule out pulmonary embolism
level < 500 ng/mL is useful in ruling out a pulmonary embolism
Treatment for stable patients with a pulmonary embolism
anticoagulation with heparin and a direct oral anticoagulant or warfarin
tx for Unstable patients with pulmonary embolism
thrombolytic therapy (e.g., alteplase, streptokinase) or embolectomy.
Placement of an inferior vena cava filter is considered for patients with contraindications to anticoagulation, a high risk for proximal deep vein thrombosis or pulmonary embolism, or recurrent thromboembolism despite adequate anticoagulation.
two main cardiac emergencies associated with severe hypertension
acute heart failure and acute coronary syndrome
what BP meds are contraindicated in congestive heart failure
BETA BLOCKERS!!!
