Urinalysis

Question 1

-Ideal for routine UA and pregnancy test
Most
-Most acidic concentrated, well preserved cells and casts
-Evaluation of orthostatic proteinuria

Answer 1

First morning Urine

Question 2

-For routine and qualitative UA
- Obtained anytime of the day
-Usually requested for employment purposes

Answer 2

Random Urine

Question 3

A urine specimen for quantitative, intended for certain test

Answer 3

Timed specimen

Question 4

Urine sample for screening and monitoring of DM patients

Answer 4

2-hour postprandial specimen

Question 5

How is urine collected in a 2-hour postprandial urine specimen

Answer 5

The patient is instructed to vod shortly before consuming a routine meal and to collect a specimen 2 hours after eating.

Question 6

Urine specimen for the quantitative exam of urinary sediment; for Addiss count

Answer 6

12-hour urine

Question 7

What time is afternoon urine collected?

Answer 7

2-4pm

Question 8

Urine specimen best for determination of bilirubin and urobilinogen

Answer 8

Afternoon urine

Question 9

-A second voided urine after a period of fasting
-Recommended for glucose determination

Answer 9

Fasting Second Morning

Question 10

Collected using a catheter

Answer 10

Catheterized

Question 11

Recommended for bacterial culture and cytology

Answer 11

Catheterized sample

Question 12

Most sterile; also recommended for bacterial culture and cytology

Answer 12

Subrapubic aspirated urine sample

Question 13

Recommended for determination of prostatic infection

Answer 13

Three-glass collected urine specimen

Question 14

What comprises the three-glass urine specimen

Answer 14

-First portion of voided urine
-Middle portion of voided urine
-Urine after prostatic massage

Question 15

Sample used for routine screening and bacterial culture

Answer 15

Midstream clean-catch specimen

Question 16

What is the required volume for drug test sample?

Answer 16

30-45 mL

Question 17

Urine temperature in drug test sample must be measured within?

Answer 17

4 minutes

Question 18

How to preserve a urine specimen for bacte studies

Answer 18

Should not be preserved

Question 19

[Unpreserved urine] color

Answer 19

darkens due to oxidation or reduction or metabolites

Question 20

[Unpreserved urine] Clarity

Answer 20

Decreased due to bacterial growth and ppt of amorphous material

Question 21

[Unpreserved urine] Odor

Answer 21

Increased due to bacterial multiplication or breakdown of urea to ammonia

Question 22

[Unpreserved urine] pH

Answer 22

Increased due to breakdown of urea to ammonia by urease-producing bacteria/loss of CO2

Question 23

[Unpreserved urine] Glucose

Answer 23

Decreased due to glycolysis and bacterial use

Question 24

[Unpreserved urine] Ketones

Answer 24

Decreased due to volatilization and bacterial metabolism

Question 25

[Unpreserved urine] bilirubin

Answer 25

Decreased due to Exposure to light/photo oxidation of biliverdin

Question 26

[Unpreserved urine] Urobilinogen

Answer 26

Decreased due to oxidation to urobilin

Question 27

[Unpreserved urine] Nitrite

Answer 27

Increased due to multiplication of nitrate-reducing bacteria

Question 28

[Unpreserved urine] Red and white blood cells and casts

Answer 28

Decreased due to disintegration in dilute alkaline urine

Question 29

[Unpreserved urine] Bacteria

Answer 29

Increased due to multiplication

Question 30

[Preservative] Best for protein testing and barbiturates and drug screening

Answer 30

refrigeration

Question 31

[Preservative] Preserves glucose and sediments well but interferes with acid ppt tests for protein

Answer 31

Thymol

Question 32

[Preservative] Preserves protein, glucose, uric acid, creatinine, and formed elements but may precipitate crystals when used in large numbers

Answer 32

Boric acid

Question 33

[Preservative] An excellent sediment preservative. Interferes with glucose, blood, leukocyte esterase and copper reduction tests

Answer 33

Formalin

Question 34

[Preservative] does not interfere with routine tests. Floats on surface of specimens and clings to pipettes and testing material

Answer 34

Toluene

Question 35

Normal volume of CSF

Answer 35

Neonates: 10-60 mL Adults: 90-150 mL

Question 36

Site for CSF puncture

Answer 36

Neonates: intervertebral space b/w 4th and 5th lumbar vertebra Adults: intervertebral space b/w 3rd and 4th lumbar vertebra

Question 37

Tube 1 in CSF

Answer 37

Microbiology and Serology

Question 38

Tube 2 in CSF

Answer 38

Microbiology

Question 39

Tube 3 in CSF

Answer 39

hematology

Question 40

Storage for CSF tube 1

Answer 40

Frozen

Question 41

Storage for CSF Tube 2

Answer 41

Room

Question 42

Storage for CSF Tube 3

Answer 42

Refrigerated

Question 43

Normal volume for semenalysis sample

Answer 43

2-5 mL

Question 44

Abstinence period prior to collection

Answer 44

at least 2 days not more than 7 days

Question 45

Storage for semenalysis sample

Answer 45

Room temp if collection is outside the lab, must be delivered within an hour Kept at 37C if specimen is awaiting analysis

Question 46

Synovial fluid normal volume

Answer 46

<3.5 mL

Question 47

Synovial fluid NV when there is inflammation

Answer 47

>20 mL

Question 48

Tube for Synovial fluid hematology test

Answer 48

Heparin or EDTA

Question 49

Synovial fluid for microbio tests

Answer 49

sterile

Question 50

Synovial fluid for glucose analysis

Answer 50

Sodium fluoride

Question 51

Synovial fluid for All other tests

Answer 51

non-coagulated

Question 52

Pleural fluid collection

Answer 52

thorancentesis

Question 53

Pericardial fluid collection

Answer 53

pericardiocentesis

Question 54

Peritoneal/Ascitic fluid collection

Answer 54

paracentesis

Question 55

Proper storage for pH determination

Answer 55

maintained anaerobically on ice

Question 56

Serous fluid for Hema test

Answer 56

EDTA

Question 57

Serous fluid for Microbio and cytology test

Answer 57

Sterile heparinized or SPS

Question 58

Serous fluid for Chemistry test

Answer 58

Heparin or plain

Question 59

Amniotic fluid volume collected

Answer 59

max 30 mL

Question 60

Amniotic fluid method of collection

Answer 60

amniocentesis

Question 61

When is it safe to collect amniotic fluid?

Answer 61

After 14th week of gestation

Question 62

What are the Triple Marker Screening Test

Answer 62

AFP hCG Unconjugated estriol

Question 63

Specimen handling for Fetal Lung Maturity Test

Answer 63

Kept on ice during delivery Kept refrigerated

Question 64

Bilirubin tests

Answer 64

Immediately protected from light

Question 65

Cytogenetic and microbiological studies

Answer 65

Processed aseptically, kept at RT or body temperature

Question 66

STAT for CM

Answer 66

1 hour

Question 67

Preservative of choice for routine urine culture

Answer 67

Refrigeration

Question 68

Normal urine output in 24 hrs

Answer 68

600-2000 mL

Question 69

Night urine output

Answer 69

<400 mL

Question 70

Required urine volume analysis specimen

Answer 70

10mL-15mL

Question 71

Enumerate the colors of urine

Answer 71

Clear, light yellow, yellow, dark yellow, amber, red, green, brown to black

Question 72

Enumerate transparency of urine

Answer 72

Clear, Hazy, Cloudy, Turbid, Milky

Question 73

Principle of Glucose in Reagent strip test

Answer 73

double sequential enzyme reaction Positive color: green/blue to brown

Question 74

Principle of bilirubin in Reagent strip test

Answer 74

diazo reaction Postivie color: Tan or pink to violet

Question 75

Principle of ketones in Reagent strip test

Answer 75

Sodium nitroprusside rxn (Legal's test) Positive color: Purple

Question 76

Principle of SG in Reagent strip test

Answer 76

pKa change of a polyelectrolyte Positive color: blue to yellow

Question 77

Principle of Protein in Reagent strip test

Answer 77

Protein (Sorensen's) error of indicators Pos color: blue

Question 78

Principle of pH in Reagent strip test

Answer 78

Double indicator system Pos color: Orange to blue

Question 79

Principle of Blood in Reagent strip test

Answer 79

Pseudoperoxidase activity of haemoglobin Pos color: Uniform green/blue (Hgb/Mb) Speckled/spotted (intact RBCs)

Question 80

Principle of Urobilinogen in Reagent strip test

Answer 80

Ehrlich reaction Pos color: Red/pink

Question 81

Principle of Nitrite in Reagent strip test

Answer 81

Greiss reaction Pos color: uniform pink

Question 82

Principle of Leukocyte in Reagent strip test

Answer 82

Leukocyte esterase Pos color: purple

Question 83

Reporting of Squamous, transitional ep cells, Mucus threads, and crystals

Answer 83

LPO (plus system/rare,few, many)

Question 84

Reporting of bacteria and yeast

Answer 84

HPO (plus system/rare, few, many)

Question 85

Reporting of renal tubular epi cells and casts

Answer 85

LPO (ave # per field)

Question 86

Reporting of WBC and RBC

Answer 86

HPO (ave # per field)

Question 87

Uric acid

Answer 87

Acid, Normal

Question 88

Amorphous urtes

Answer 88

Acid, Normal

Question 89

Calcium oxalate

Answer 89

acid/neutral, normal

Question 90

Amorphous phosphates

Answer 90

alkaline, normal

Question 91

Calcium phosphate

Answer 91

alkaline, normal

Question 92

Triple phosphate

Answer 92

alkaline, normal

Question 93

Ammonium biurate

Answer 93

Alkaline, normal

Question 94

Calcium carbonate

Answer 94

alkaline, normal

Question 95

Cystine

Answer 95

Acid, abnormal

Question 96

Cholesterol

Answer 96

acid, abnormal

Question 97

Leucine

Answer 97

acid/neutral, abnormal

Question 98

Tyrosine

Answer 98

Acid/neutral, abnormal

Question 99

Bilirubin

Answer 99

acid, abnormal

Question 100

Sulfonamides

Answer 100

acid/neutral, abnormal

Question 101

Radiographic dye

Answer 101

acid, abnormal

Question 102

Ampicillin

Answer 102

acid/neutral, abnormal