urinalysis

Question 1

what does the excretory system consist of?

Answer 1

kidneys, ureters, bladder and urethra

Question 2

what does the excretory system do?

Answer 2

process of excretion which is the process of eliminating metabolic waste products. The excretory system also regulates the amount of water in the body, the concentrations of various electrolytes in the body fluids, and the pH of blood.

Question 3

what role do the kidneys play in the establishment of homeostasis?

Answer 3

1. excretion of metabolic wastes products (e.g., nitrogenous wastes from
   protein catabolism and uric acid from nucleic acid metabolism)
2. reabsorption of water and important nutrients (e.g., glucose, amino acids)
3. regulation of plasma ion composition (e.g., sodium, potassium, calcium,
   magnesium, chloride, phosphates)
4. acid-base homeostasis (e.g., reabsorption of bicarbonate and excretion of
   hydrogen ions)
5. blood pressure regulation (plasma volume has a direct effect on the total
   blood volume, which in turn, has a direct effect on blood pressure)
6. hormone secretion (e.g., erythropoietin stimulates erythropoiesis, calcitriol promotes intestinal absorption of calcium and renal reabsorption of
   phosphate, renin leads to the secretion of aldosterone which promotes
   reabsorb the sodium)

Question 4

what are the 3 major regions of the kidney?

Answer 4

1. renal cortex
2. renal medulla
3. renal pelvis

Question 5

what is the functional unit of the kidney?

Answer 5

nephron

Question 6

what does the glomerulus do?

Answer 6

receives its unfiltered
blood supply from an afferent arteriole of the renal circulation

Question 7

what is the process of