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Fundamentals 209 Veron 1 Cardio > Urinary > Flashcards

Urinary Flashcards

(58 cards)

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1
Q

Hydronephrosis

A

backup of urine in the kidney - blockage

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2
Q

ileal conduit

A

Urinary diversion of urine through the ileum

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3
Q

cystectomy

A

removal of the bladder

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4
Q

How much of filtrate reabsorbed by kidneys

A

99% reabsorbed
1% excreted as urine

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5
Q

what is creatinine

A

waste product from metabolism
elevated levels - means kidneys not functioning

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6
Q

detrusor muscle

A

smooth muscle that lines the bladder
contracts during urination- usually takes 250-400 ml to stretch it enough to contract it

Sympathetic - relaxes it to allow storage of urine

Parasympathetic - contracts it to allow for urination

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7
Q

Where does urine filtration take place?

A

Glomerulus

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8
Q

What is the average amount of urine per void for an adult?

A

250-500 ml

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9
Q

Adult normal voids per day?

A

6-8x

on awakening

within an hour after a meal

before bed

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10
Q

Average Adult Daily Void. Total

A

1,200-1,500

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11
Q

How much urine per hour would be an ECF deficit?

A

less than 30 ml/hr

possible renal failure

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12
Q

What is a neurogenic bladder?

A

Bladder dysfunction (Flaccid or Spastic) caused by neurogenic damage

brain or spinal cord injury

Overflow incontinence,

frequency (urinating often)

Urgency (I have to go now),

Urge incontinence, and retention. (Do not know when bladder is full)

Possible causes:

Stroke, parkinson’s, problem with reflex arc, spinal cord)

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13
Q

Stress Incontinence

A

Increased abdominal pressure causes small losses of urine.

RX - kegels, weight loss, estrogen

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14
Q

Urge Urinary incontinence

A

Overactive detrusor muscle, bladder infection, alcohol, caffeine,

External sphincter not holding

Try timed voiding or anticholinergic drugs - atropine

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15
Q

Reflex urinary incontinence

A

Predictable urinary loss when certain volume reached

Spinal cord injury, flaccid neurogenic bladder

Straight cath, anti-chol drugs

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16
Q

Functional urinary incontinence

A

Normally continent person

has altered environment mobility deficits

assistance, routine.

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17
Q

Urinary diversion

A

Nephrostomy tube

tube directly from the kidney to the skin

Ilial conduit

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18
Q

Urinary Retension

A

No void for 8-12 hours or frequent voids of 50-100 ml per void.

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19
Q

Pyelonephritis

Cystitis

Urethritis

A

Pyelonephritis - kidney infection

Cystitis - bladder infection

Urethritis- urethra infection

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20
Q

Percussion of a full bladder will sound _____

A

dull

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21
Q

What is a random urine sample

A

Not sterile. not looking for an infection

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22
Q

what is a clean catch or midstream urine sample

A

Looking for infection

Culture and sensitivity

Culture - what is the bacteria

sensitivity - what antibiotic will kill the bacteria

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23
Q

what is 24 hour specimen

A

start in morning, discard first urine

need ll voids,

refrigerate. use special container

checks for protein, uric acid, hormones,

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24
Q

what is normal urine pH

Study These Flashcards
A

pH 6 normal range 4.6-8

<6 is respiratory or metabolic acidosis, diet high in meat, DM, starvation

>6 (alkaline) UTI respiratory alkalosis

25
Specific Gravity normal
1.015-1.025 Normal 1.020. Higher is concentrated 1.030. HIGH=DRY. Dehydration, N/V, Fever, Fluid Loss LOW -DILUTE - DI, renal disease, diuretics fluid loss, increased fluid intake
26
URINE COLORS
Light - increased fluid Dark - decreased fluid Pink, red, dark brown - blood in urine pink, orange, red, brown, blue-green - meds or foods
27
Patient in bathroom, can you leave?
No
28
Proactive voiding is every ____ hours
4
29
Voiding regimens every _____ hours for altered function
2 hours
30
smoking will \_\_\_\_\_the bladder
constrict
31
What is IAD
Incontinence associated dermatitis prevent with good perineal hygiene
32
Indications for indwelling catheter
1. Critical or acute/severely ill 2. Not able to manage with intermittent cath 3. Stage 3 and 4 pressure injuries on sacrum 4. Terminally ill 5. If need continuous bladder irrigation INFECTION POSSIBLE with foley and stool incontinence and poor hygiene
33
Indications for straight cath
1. Need sterile specimen 2. Check residual volume 3. Intermittent/routine emptying for patients with neurogenic bladder
34
Why use a triple-lumen cath?
To irrigate bladder, remove blood clots after surgery
35
Polyuria? Polydipsia Polyphagia
POLY = increase increase in urination -uria Increase in thirst -dipsia - water dipper Increase in appetite -phagia
36
Cystectomy is managed by----
When Bladder removed section of ileum is used to make a bladder than it comes out in the front as an ostomy ilial conduit
37
Why a Nephrostomy tube?
If blockage in the ureter, tube goes from the kidney to the skin
38
urostomy
39
Coude Catheter
Used for BPH, curved
40
Bladder Ultra Sound
key tool Kidney under 12th rib
41
Patient loses a small amount of urine when sneezing this is \_\_\_\_\_\_\_in continence
Stress
42
Patient cannot void supine what is the intervention
assist to standing
43
Patient is incontinent when being transferred from chair to bed This is \_\_\_\_\_\_\_inconinence
functional
44
What med could increase urination
cholinergic agents
45
Residual volume of ______ ml is normal
\<50 ml
46
What is normal Smegma or reddened meatus
Smegma
47
Normal urinary volume
500-3000ml 2000ml more than 3000 is abnormal
48
Would patient after prostatic resection need continuous bladder irrigation?
Yes prevents blood clots
49
Patient cannot retain urine due to loss of mobility this is \_\_\_\_\_\_\_incontinence
functional
50
What would cause dark amber aromatic urine
Hypovolemia N/V
51
Use _____ water for bladder irrigation
Sterile Nephrostomy tube irrigation
52
A patient is having a seizure This would cause \_\_\_\_\_\_incontinence
Total
53
Patient has a delay in reaching the bathroom. This is \_\_\_\_\_incontinence
urge
54
After surgery, generally how soon will the catheter be removed? \_\_\_\_\_hours
within 24 hours
55
Factors affecting urinary elimination
Fluid intake, loss of body fluid nutrition body position, cognition, UTI, hypotension, Neuro injury, decreased muscle tone, PG, surgery, medications NOT - Time of arising or HYPERtension
56
Catheter output is low, what should the nurse access
kink in tubing
57
Steps in taking urine sample from cath
1. wipe port with alcohol 2. attach syringe to port 3. withdraw 3-30 ml 4. transfer urine to collection container 5. transport to lab
58
inserting cath tell patient to…..
bear down as if to void. relaxes sphinicter

Fundamentals 209 Veron 1 Cardio (4 decks)

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