urinary

Question 1

FUNCTIONS OF THE URINARY
SYSTEM:

Answer 1

1. Remove waste products from
   the blood
2. Maintain fluid and
   electrolyte balance
3. Secrete substances that
   affect blood pressure

Question 2

They control the proper hydrogen ion concentration of the blood

Answer 2

pH regulation.

Question 3

They produce the enzyme renin, which helps maintain

Answer 3

blood pressure

Question 4

They produce the hormone erythropoietin, which stimulates RBC production

Answer 4

Erythrocyte concentration

Question 5

They convert vitamin D to its active form (calciferol)

Answer 5

Vit. D production

Question 6

They regulate the proper balance of water and dissolved salts by maintaining proper ion concentrations

Answer 6

Maintain blood volume and concentration

Question 7

The urinary system consists of the ff.:

Answer 7

(2) Kidneys
(2) Ureters
Urinary bladder
Urethra

Question 8

how many liters do kidneys excrete urine per day

Answer 8

1 to 2 L

Question 9

urine draining branches in the kidney

Answer 9

calyces

Question 10

expanded portion

Answer 10

renal pelvis

Question 10

two long tubes, with one ureter extending from the pelvis of each kidney

Answer 10

urether

Question 11

saclike portion, which receives the distal portion of the ureters and serves as a reservoir

Answer 11

bladder

Question 12

third, and smaller tubular portion, which conveys the urine to the exterior of the body

Answer 12

Urethre

Question 13

covers and protects the kidney

Answer 13

Adipose capsule

Question 13

dense, irregular connective tissue; outer covering of the kidney

Answer 13

Renal capsule

Question 14

Divided into 2 layers:

Answer 14

renal cortex and renal medulla

Question 14

opening at the medial portion of the kidney, entrance point of the renal nerves

Answer 14

Hilum/hilus

Question 15

outer portion of the kidney

Answer 15

renal cortex

Question 16

medial portion; composed of 8-18 conical masses termed “renal pyramids” to form the “renal columns” which extends to renal sinus.

Answer 16

renal medulla

Question 17

collection of tubules that converge at an opening called the “renal papilla”. This renal papilla drains into the minor calyx

Answer 17

Renal pyramid

Question 18

appear as hollowed flattened tubes. From 4 to 13 minor calyces, unite to form two to three major calyces.

Answer 18

Calyces

Question 19

convergence of all major calyx

Answer 19

renal pelvis

Question 20

functional unit of kidney; 3 million each; irrepairable

Answer 20

nephron

Question 21

The general term ________ is used to describe the total functional portions of the kidneys.

Answer 21

renal parenchyma

Question 22

loops of henle until medulla

Answer 22

juxta

Question 23

loops of henle until cortex

Answer 23

corti

Question 24

principal function of the loop _____ appears to be the recovery of water and sodium chloride from the urine.

Answer 24

Loop of henle

Question 25

Renal corpuscle

Answer 25

Glomerulus Bowman’s capsule

Question 26

Renal tubules

Answer 26

Proximal convoluted tubule Loop of Henle Distal convoluted tubule Collecting tubule

Question 27

filtration

Answer 27

corpuscle

Question 28

reabsorption

Answer 28

tubules

Question 29

blood is initially filtered; surrounded by a glomerular capsule (bowman’s capsule) which is the proximal portion of each nephron collecting filtrate. The filtrate is termed urine by the time it reaches the minor calyx. Between the bowman’s capsule and the minor calyces, more than 99% of the filtrare is reabsorved into the kidneys venous system.

Answer 29

Glomerulus

Question 30

supply blood to the glomeruli

Answer 30

Afferent arterioles

Question 31

take blood away

Answer 31

Efferent arterioles

Question 32

Transport urine from the kidneys to the urinary bladder.

Answer 32

urether

Question 33

The ureters vary in length from

Answer 33

28 - 34 cm

Question 34

The ureters vary in diameter from _________

Answer 34

1mm to 1cm

Question 35

3 constricted points:

Answer 35

uteropelvic junction brim of the pelvis ureterovisceral junction

Question 36

Reservoir for urine

Answer 36

Urinary bladder

Question 37

triangular portion of the bladder; muscular area formed by the entrance of the two ureters from behind and the exit site of the urethra; firmly attached to the floor of the pelvis

Answer 37

Trigone

Question 38

The total capacity of the bladder varies from _____

Answer 38

350 to 500 mL.

Question 39

connects the bladder to the exterior.

Answer 39

urethra

Question 40

the urethra exits from the body inferior to the ______

Answer 40

symphysis pubis

Question 41

Retroperitoneal organs

Answer 41

Kidneys Ureters

Question 42

Female: ___ inches Male: ____ inches

Answer 42

Female: 4 inches Male: 7-8 inches

Question 42

Infraperitoneal organs

Answer 42

Urinary bladder Urethra Male reproductive organs Female reproductive organs