Urinary development Flashcards
Name the 3 sets of excretory organs which contribute to the development of the urinary system:
1) Pronephros
2) Mesonephros
3) Metanephros
During which week after fertilisation does the pronephros develop? What is the function of the pronephros?
Week 4
Makes duct, which makes contact with the hind gut (no kidney-like function)
During which week after fertilisation does the mesonephros develop? When does it regress?
Week 4 (end of) Regresses in week 8
From which germ layer does the kidneys and ureters develop from?
Mesoderm (intermediate)
What is the function of the mesonephros?
- Forms mesonephric tubules
- Forms mesonephric duct, which sprouts the ureteric bud, and is important for the development of the ductal male reproductive system
During which week after fertilisation does the metanephros develop?
Week 5
What is the function of the ureteric bud? From which developing excretory organ does it sprout?
- Contacts metanephric blastema, initiates development of collecting system (ureter, renal pelvis, calyces, papillary and collecting ducts)
- Mesonephros
List the parts of the urinary collecting system:
- Renal pelvis
- Ureter
- Calyces
- Papillary ducts
- Collecting ducts
List the parts of the urinary excretory system:
- Glomerulus
- Bowman’s capsule
- Proximal Convoluted Tubule
- Loop of Henle
- Distal Convoluted Tubule
What does the urinary collecting system develop from?
Ureteric bud (from the mesonephros)
What does the urinary excretory system develop from?
Metanephric cap (metanephros)
Describe the ascent of the kidneys. What causes this process to occur?
- Cranio-caudal shift from L4 -> T12/L1
- Lateral displacement
- 90’ rotation
Migration and expansion of the caudal region of the embryo
Why do some people have accessory renal vessels?
- Failure of some vessels to regress during the ascent of the kidneys in embryonic development
From which germ layer does the urinary bladder and urethra develop?
Endoderm (hindgut derivative)
What is the name of the tissue which grows between the urogenital sinus and anorectal canal, separating the tubes?
Urorectal septum
What is the fate of the urachus?
Median umbilical ligament
Connects apex of bladder to umbilicus
Name the 3 parts of the urogenital sinus:
1) Bladder part
2) Pelvic part
3) Phallic part
What is the difference in the mesonephric duct development between males and females?
Males - Mesonephric ducts make openings in pelvic part of the urogenital sinus = future vas deferens and prostate
Females - mesonephric ducts regress
From which part of the urogenital sinus does the female urethra develop from?
Pelvic part
From which part of the urogenital sinus does the male urethra develop from?
- Pre-prostatic, prostatic and membranous urethra forms from the pelvic part
- Spongy urethra forms from phallic part
Name the 4 sections of the male urethra:
1) Pre-prostatic
2) Prostatic
3) Membranous
4) Spongy
If the ureteric bud fails to interact with the intermediate mesoderm, which congenital defect will result?
Renal agenesis
If pregnant women presents with abnormally low amniotic fluid volume, which congenital defect is likely to be present?
Bilateral renal agenesis
How would bilateral renal agenesis present during pregnancy?
Abnormally low amniotic fluid volume
