Urinary Drugs

Question 1

Monurol

Answer 1

Antibiotic
Tx UTI, Cystitis
One dose
Pregnant women
Kills ESBL
GI s/e

Question 2

Nitrofurantoin

Answer 2

Macrobid, Macrodantin
Antibiotic
Tx Chronic UTI, Cystitis
Avoid alkaline ash juices like orange and grapefruit

Question 3

Trimethoprim

Answer 3

Primsol
Antibiotic
Tx UTI, Cystitis
Short term use
SE: Muscle cramps, swelling, dizziness

Question 4

Trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole

Answer 4

Bactrim, Septra
Antibiotic
Tx UTI, Cystitis
Blocks folic acid production
Take with water and on empty stomach
Caution: renal impairment

Question 5

Fluconazole

Answer 5

Diflucan
Antifungal
Tx yeast infxn when taken with antibiotics

Question 6

Methenamine

Answer 6

Hiprex
Urine Acidifier
Take with food and water
Avoid alkaline foods: milk, citrus, antacids

Question 7

Methylene Blue

Answer 7

Urolene Blue
Urine Acidifier
Take with food and water
Avoid alkaline foods: milk, citrus, antacids

Question 8

Ciprofloxacin

Answer 8

Cipro
Fluoroquinolones
Tx Cystitis
Interfere with DNA enzymes for cell reproduction
Liver toxic

Black Box: tendon rupture, CNS effects, peripheral neuropathy

Question 9

Levofloxacin

Answer 9

Levaquin
Fluoroquinolones
Tx Cystitis
Interfere with DNA enzymes for cell reproduction
Liver toxic

Black Box: tendon rupture, CNS effects, peripheral neuropathy

Question 10

Moxifloxacin

Answer 10

Avelox
Fluoroquinolones
Tx Cystitis
Interfere with DNA enzymes for cell reproduction
Liver toxic

Black Box: tendon rupture, CNS effects, peripheral neuropathy

Question 11

Phenazopyridine

Answer 11

Pyridium
UT Analgesic
Tx: burning, urgency, frequency, pain, discomfort AFTER SURGERY, trauma or infection.
Affects UA results!
SE: reddish-orange urine, rash, HA, GI upset (take with meals)
Limits use to <2 days

Question 12

Darifenacin

Answer 12

Enablex
Antispasmodic (anticholinergic)

Question 13

Fesoterodine

Answer 13

Toviaz

Antispasmodic (anticholinergic)

Question 14

Oxybutynin

Answer 14

Ditropan

Antispasmodic (anticholinergic)

Tx urge incontinence & cystitis

Question 15

Solifenacin

Answer 15

Vesicare

Antispasmodic (anticholinergic)

Tx urge incontinence & cystitis

Question 16

Tolterodine

Answer 16

Detrol

Antispasmodic (anticholinergic)

Tx urge incontinence & cystitis

Question 17

Trospium

Answer 17

Sanctura

Antispasmodic (anticholinergic)

Question 18

Pentosan polysulfate sodium

Answer 18

Elmiron

Tx: Interstitial Cystitis
Bladder protectant

Question 19

Meds to Tx Urge Incontinence

Answer 19

Oxybutynin (Ditropan)
Solifenacin (Vesicare)
Tolterodine (Detrol)

Do NOT chew or crush these

Increase fluid intake

Question 20

Bethanechol chloride

Answer 20

Cholinergic Agonist

Tx Urinary retention, Overflow incontinence

AE: Abd discomfort, salivation, N/V, sweating, flushing

Question 21

Doxazosin

Answer 21

Cardura

Alpha-Adrenergic Antagonist
Tx: BPH, HTN
Relaxes bladder via dilation of arterioles and veins

SE: OH, ED

Question 22

Tamsulosin

Answer 22

Flomax

Alpha-Adrenergic Antagonist
Tx: BPH
Relaxes bladder via dilation of arterioles and veins

SE: OH, ED

Question 23

Dutasteride

Answer 23

Avodart

5-Alpha-Reductase Inhibitors (5-ARI)
Tx: BPH
Shrinks prostate size by blocking testosterone production

SE: OH, teratogenic, ED, impotence, dizziness

WEAR GLOVES

Question 24

Finasteride

Answer 24

Proscar

5-Alpha-Reductase Inhibitors (5-ARI)
Tx: BPH
Shrinks prostate size by blocking testosterone production

Reduces hair loss

SE: OH, teratogenic, ED, impotence, dizziness

WEAR GLOVES

Question 25

Avoid meds that cause urinary retention for BPH pts:

Answer 25

Anti-cholinergics, anti-histamines, decongestants, anti-depressants or antipsychotics

Question 26

Leuprolide

Answer 26

Lupron Hormone therapy (LHRH) agonist Tx: Prostate cancer Blocks testosterone secretion SE: Hot flashes, bone pain, ED Often prescribed Bisphosphonates to prevent bone fractures

Question 27

Bicalutamide (Trade Name?) Flutamide Nalutamide

Answer 27

Casodex Hormone therapy (anti-androgen drug) Block testosterone Tx: prostate cancer SE: Liver toxic, gynecomastia

Question 28

Sildenafil

Answer 28

Viagra Phosphodiesterase-5 (PDE5) Avoid: HF pts, Nirates (OH)

Question 29

Tadalafil

Answer 29

Cialis Phosphodiesterase-5 (PDE5) Tx: ED Avoid: HF pts, Nirates (OH)

Question 30

Vardenafil

Answer 30

Levitra Phosphodiesterase-5 (PDE5) Tx: ED Avoid: HF pts, Nirates (OH)

Question 31

Meds to treat Pyelonephritis infection

Answer 31

Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (Bactrim) Piperacillin-tazobactam (Zosyn) Ceftriaxone (Rocephin) Ciprofloxacin (Cipro) IV fluids

Question 32

Sodium polystyrene sulfonate

Answer 32

Kayexalate Tx: hyperkalemia with CKD

Question 33

Sodium zirconium cylcosilicate

Answer 33

Lokelma Tx: hyperkalemia with CKD

Question 34

Calcium acetate

Answer 34

Phoslo Phosphate binder Tx: hyperphosphatemia with CKD Take on empty stomach!

Question 35

Sevelamer carbonate

Answer 35

Renagel Tx: hyperphosphatemia with CKD Take with meals!

Question 36

Erythropoiesis stimulating agents

Answer 36

Aranesp Epogen Mircera Tx CKD anemia Warning: Antibody Production! Contraindicated with HTN Best given IV for dialysis pts

Question 37

Meds to Tx neuropathy in CKD

Answer 37

Gabapentin (Neurontin) Pregabalin (Lyrica) Duloxetine (Cymbalta) Amitriptyline (Elavil) SE: Drowsiness (fall risk)

Question 38

Calcium carbonate

Answer 38

Calcitriol Vit D analog Tx: Hypocalcemia in CKD caused by renal osteodystrophy

Question 39

Azathioprine

Answer 39

Imuran T & B-cell suppressors Immunosuppressive drug therapy SE: increased risk for infection, hepatotoxicity, G.I. distress, leukopenia

Question 40

Mycophenolic acid

Answer 40

Cellcept T & B-cell suppressors Immunosuppressive drug therapy SE: increased risk for infection, hepatotoxicity, G.I. distress, leukopenia

Question 41

Cyclosporine

Answer 41

Sandimmune T & B-cell suppressors Immunosuppressive drug therapy SE: increased risk for infection, hepatotoxicity, G.I. distress, leukopenia

Question 42

Tacrolimus

Answer 42

Prograf T & B-cell suppressors Immunosuppressive drug therapy SE: increased risk for infection, hepatotoxicity, G.I. distress, leukopenia