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Pharmacology > Urinary Drugs - Chapter 6 > Flashcards

Urinary Drugs - Chapter 6 Flashcards

1
Q

Blood in urine (term)

A

Hematuria

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2
Q

Hypokalemia

A

Decreased Potassium

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3
Q

PU/PD?

A

Polyuria (excessive urination) / Polydipsia (excessive thirst)

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4
Q

Basic functional unit of the kidney

A

Nephron

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5
Q

Term used to describe location of kidneys in the abdomen.

A

Retroperitoneal - “Located behind the peritoneum”

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6
Q

Hormone secreted by healthy kidneys that communicate with the bone marrow to make more RBCs.

A

Erythropoietin

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7
Q

Which kidney is more cranial?

A

Right kidney

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8
Q

Hilus

A

Indentation where collecting ducts, ureters, and blood vessels enter and leave the kidney

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9
Q

Trigone

A

Distal part of bladder where 2 ureters and urethra meet up

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10
Q

Species and Gender with a curved urethra

A

Male K9

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11
Q

Micturition

A

Urinating

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12
Q

3 things kidneys do in regard to urine production

A

Filtration

Secretion

Absorption

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13
Q

Type of anemia when there is no erythropoieten?

A

Nonregenerative anemia

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14
Q

Hormone promoting water reabsorption

A

Antidiuretic Hormone

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15
Q

Hormone that increases reabsorption of Na

A

Aldosterone

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16
Q

Renal threshold of glucose for dog and cat?

A

dog = 180mg/dl

cat = 240mg/dl

17
Q

ADH originates from ____

A

Posterior Pituitary

18
Q

2 Sedatives contraindicated in presence of renal dz?

A

Ketamine (cyclohexamine)

Xylazine (Alpha 2 agonist)

19
Q

3 Types of renal failure

A

Prerenal - decrease in blood flow to kidneys (dehydration)

Renal - kidneys lost ability to filter

Post Renal - blockage, obstruction, urine cannot leave bladder

20
Q

Purpose of Diuretic Drugs

A

Used to removed ECF by increasing urine flow (diuresis) and Na excretion and reducing hypertension

21
Q

in what part of the Kidney do loop diuretics work?

A

Loop of Henle

22
Q

Loop Diuretic (Generic and Brand name)

A

Furosemide (Lasix)

23
Q

How loop diuretic works and side effects

A

Inhibits tubular reabsorption of Na

side effect: Hypokalemia

(most rapid)

24
Q

Used to reduce intracranial and intraocular pressure

A

Osmotic Diuretics (Glucose, Mannitol)

25
Q

These drugs cross the placental border

Inhibit reabsorption of sodium AND CHLORIDE

A

Thiazide Diuretics

26
Q

Spironolactone

A

Potassium-Sparing Diuretic

27
Q

Reduce intraocular pressure specifically aqueous humor (glaucoma)

A

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitor (Methazolamide)

28
Q

2 Types of Urinary Incontinence + example

A

Neurologic - neoplasia to spinal cord

Nonneurologic - neoplasia some where other than spine, trauma to bladder, stress, excitement

29
Q

Expulsion / Bethanechol

A

Cholinergic Agents

30
Q

Retention

A

Anticholinergic

31
Q

Used to treat urge incontinence by promoting the retention of urine. Action produces muscle relaxation.

SLOW ACTING

A

Anticholinergic Agents

32
Q

Increases tone of detrusor muscle, helps void bladder

A

Cholinergic Agents

33
Q

Alpha Adrenergic Anatagonists (drugs and side effects)

A

Prazosin

Phenoxybenzamine

SYNCOPE AND LOW BP

34
Q

Controls mild to moderate hypertension associated with CRF

A

Beta Adrenergic Antagonist (propanolol)

35
Q

How Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System works.

A

Renin converts Angiotensin 1 to Angiotensin II.

Angiotensin II constricts blood vessels, which increases bp, and secretes aldosterone.

Aldosterone causes Na and water reabsorption into blood which increases fluid in body and increases bp!

36
Q

Ace Inhibitor / Heart medication

A

Enalapril

37
Q

Ace inhibitors increase or decrease blood pressure?

A

DECREASE

38
Q

Claims to have potential to reduce azotemia through enteric dialysis

A

Azodyl

39
Q

Decreases production of uric acid

A

Xanthine Oxidase Inhibitors

Pharmacology (5 decks)

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